治沟造地工程驱动的流域土地利用和景观格局变化——以黄土丘陵沟壑区典型流域为例（英文）
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摘要
Exploring the impact of land consolidation on the changes of local land use and the landscape patterns is important for optimizing land consolidation models and thus accelerating the sustainable development of local communities. Using a typical small watershed in Yan'an City(Shaanxi, China), the impact of gully land consolidation on land use and landscape pattern change, based on high-resolution remote sensing image data and landscape pattern analysis, was investigated. The results showed that:(1) The terraces,sloping fields, shrub land and grassland at the bottom and both sides of the gully were converted mainly to high quality check dam land. Also, some of the shrub land, due to biological measures, was converted to more ecologically suitable native forest. Thus, the areas of check dam land and forests increased by 159 and 70 ha, while that of shrub land,grassland and sloping fields decreased by 112, 63 and 59 ha, respectively.(2) The average patch area and patch cohesion index for the check dam land increased, which indicated that the production function improved. The landscape shape index and the patch cohesion index for forestland and shrub land were maintained at a high level, and thus the ecological function remained stable.(3) At the watershed level, the degree of fragmentation of the landscape decreased and the landscape became more diversified and balanced; the anti-jamming capability of the landscape and the stability of the ecosystem improved also. Research suggests that implementing gully land consolidation in a rational manner may contribute to improvements in the structure of local land use and the patterns of landscape.
Exploring the impact of land consolidation on the changes of local land use and the landscape patterns is important for optimizing land consolidation models and thus accelerating the sustainable development of local communities. Using a typical small watershed in Yan'an City(Shaanxi, China), the impact of gully land consolidation on land use and landscape pattern change, based on high-resolution remote sensing image data and landscape pattern analysis, was investigated. The results showed that:(1) The terraces,sloping fields, shrub land and grassland at the bottom and both sides of the gully were converted mainly to high quality check dam land. Also, some of the shrub land, due to biological measures, was converted to more ecologically suitable native forest. Thus, the areas of check dam land and forests increased by 159 and 70 ha, while that of shrub land,grassland and sloping fields decreased by 112, 63 and 59 ha, respectively.(2) The average patch area and patch cohesion index for the check dam land increased, which indicated that the production function improved. The landscape shape index and the patch cohesion index for forestland and shrub land were maintained at a high level, and thus the ecological function remained stable.(3) At the watershed level, the degree of fragmentation of the landscape decreased and the landscape became more diversified and balanced; the anti-jamming capability of the landscape and the stability of the ecosystem improved also. Research suggests that implementing gully land consolidation in a rational manner may contribute to improvements in the structure of local land use and the patterns of landscape.
Exploring the impact of land consolidation on the changes of local land use and the landscape patterns is important for optimizing land consolidation models and thus accelerating the sustainable development of local communities. Using a typical small watershed in Yan'an City(Shaanxi, China), the impact of gully land consolidation on land use and landscape pattern change, based on high-resolution remote sensing image data and landscape pattern analysis, was investigated. The results showed that:(1) The terraces,sloping fields, shrub land and grassland at the bottom and both sides of the gully were converted mainly to high quality check dam land. Also, some of the shrub land, due to biological measures, was converted to more ecologically suitable native forest. Thus, the areas of check dam land and forests increased by 159 and 70 ha, while that of shrub land,grassland and sloping fields decreased by 112, 63 and 59 ha, respectively.(2) The average patch area and patch cohesion index for the check dam land increased, which indicated that the production function improved. The landscape shape index and the patch cohesion index for forestland and shrub land were maintained at a high level, and thus the ecological function remained stable.(3) At the watershed level, the degree of fragmentation of the landscape decreased and the landscape became more diversified and balanced; the anti-jamming capability of the landscape and the stability of the ecosystem improved also. Research suggests that implementing gully land consolidation in a rational manner may contribute to improvements in the structure of local land use and the patterns of landscape.
引文
Cao Z,Li Y,Liu Y et al.,2018.When and where did the Loess Plateau turn“green”?Analysis of the tendency and breakpoints of the normalized difference vegetation index.Land Degradation&Development,29(1):162-175.
Chen L,Fu B,1996.Analysis of impact of human activity on landscape structure in Yellow River Delta:A case study of Dongying Region.Acta Ecologica Sinica,16(4):337-344.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Fu B,Messing I,2001.Sustainable land-use planning in a typical catchment in the Loess Plateau:A case study.Geographical Research,20(6):713-722.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Li X,Fu B et al.,2014.Development history and future research priorities of landscape ecology in China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(6):1059-1064.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Liu Y,Lv Y et al.,2008.Pattern analysis in landscape ecology:Progress,challenges and outlook.Acta Ecologica Sinica,28(11):5521-5531.(in Chinese)
Chen Y,Shi P,Pan J,2012.Analysis on the effect of land-use change on ecosystem service value in the plateau eco-city:A case study of Minle County.Chinese Journal of Research of Soil and water Conservation,19(2):154-159.(in Chinese)
Cheng G,Li X,2015.Integrated research methods in watershed science.Science China:Earth Sciences,45(6):811-819.(in Chinese)
Deng J,Ke W,Hong Y et al.,2009.Spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution of land use change and landscape pattern in response to rapid urbanization.Landscape&Urban Planning,92(3):187-198.
Fu B,Chen L,Ma K,1999.The effect of land use change on the regional environment in the Yangjuangou catchment in the Loess Plateau of China.Acta Geographica Sinica,54(3):241-246.(in Chinese)
Fu B,Qiu Y,Wang J et al.,2002.Effect simulations of land use change on the runoff and erosion for a gully catchment of the Loess Plateau,China.Acta Geographica Sinica,57(6):717-722.(in Chinese)
Gao X,Zheng F,2004.Eco-environment construction and sustainable agriculture development in the Loess Plateau of northern part of Shaanxi Province.Research of Soil&Water Conservation,11(4):47-49.(in Chinese)
Gong J,Liu Y,Xia B,2009.Spatial heterogeneity of urban land-cover landscape in Guangzhou from 1990 to 2005.Journal of Geographical Sciences,19(2):213-224.
Hu Y,Deng L,Zhang S et al.,2011.Changes of land use and landscape pattern in Xichang City based on RS and GIS.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,27(10):322-327.(in Chinese)
Lambin E F,Meyfroidt P,2011.Global land use change,economic globalization,and the looming land scarcity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,108(9):3465-3472.
Lausch A,Herzog F,2002.Applicability of landscape metrics for the monitoring of landscape change:Issues of scale,resolution and interpretability.Ecological indicators,2(1/2):3-15.
Lei N,Han J,Gao H et al.,2017.An analysis of regulation and utilization of water resources of gully control and land reclamation in Yan’an.China Rural Water&Hydropower,(5):26-30.(in Chinese)
Li Y,Cao Z,Long H et al.,2017.Dynamic analysis of ecological environment combined with land cover and NDVI changes and implications for sustainable urban-rural development:The case of Mu Us Sandy Land,China.Journal of Cleaner Production,142:697-715.
Li Y,Liu Y,Long H.2012.Characteristics and mechanism of village transformation development in typical regions of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.Acta Geographica Sinica,67(6):771-782.(in Chinese)
Li Y,Liu Y,Long H et al.,2014.Community-based rural residential land consolidation and allocation can help to revitalize hollowed villages in traditional agricultural areas of China:Evidence from Dancheng County,Henan Province.Land Use Policy,39:188-198.
Liu J,Kuang W,Zhang Z et al.,2014.Spatiotemporal characteristics,patterns,and causes of land-use changes in China since the late 1980s.Journal of Geographical Sciences,24(2):195-210.
Liu Y,Chen Z,Li Y et al.,2017.The planting technology and industrial development prospects of forage rape in the loess hilly area:A case study of newly-increased cultivated land through gully land consolidation in Yan’an,Shaanxi Province.Journal of Natural Resources,32(12):2065-2074.(in Chinese)
Liu Y,Li Y,2017.Engineering philosophy and design scheme of gully land consolidation in Loess Plateau.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,33(10):1-9.(in Chinese)
Liu Y,Wang L,Long H,2008.Spatio-temporal analysis of land-use conversion in the eastern coastal China during1996-2005.Journal of Geographical Sciences,18(3):274-282.
Liu Z,Liu Y,Li Y,2018a.Anthropogenic contributions dominate trends of vegetation cover change over the farming-pastoral ecotone of northern China.Ecological Indicators,95(1):370-378.
Liu Z,Liu Y,Li Y,2018b.Extended warm temperate zone and opportunities for cropping system change in the Loess Plateau of China.International Journal of Climatology.doi:10.1002/joc.5833.
Long H,Liu Y,Wu X et al.,2009.Spatio-temporal dynamic patterns of farmland and rural settlements in Su-Xi-Chang region:Implications for building a new countryside in coastal China.Land Use Policy,26(2):322-333.
Long H,Tang G,Li X et al.,2007.Socio-economic driving forces of land-use change in Kunshan,the Yangtze River Delta economic area of China.Journal of Environmental Management,83(3):351-364.
Lv Y,Fu B,Feng X et al.,2012.A policy-driven large scale ecological restoration:Quantifying ecosystem services changes in the Loess Plateau of China.PLoS ONE,7(2):1-10.
Tuan Y F,1971.Geography,phenomenology,and the study of human nature.Canadian Geographer,15(3):181-192.
Zhang F,Taxipulati T,Ding J et al.,2009.The change of land use/cover and characteristics of landscape pattern in arid areas oasis:A case study of Jinghe County,Xinjiang Province.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(3):1251-1263.(in Chinese)
Zhao B,Kreuter U,Li B et al.,2004.An ecosystem service value assessment of land-use change on Chongming Island,China.Land Use Policy,21(2):139-148.
Zhou D,Zhao S,Zhu C,2011.Impacts of the sloping land conversion program on the land use/cover change in the Loess Plateau:A case study in Ansai County of Shaanxi Province,China.Journal of Natural Resources,26(11):1866-1878.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Fu B,1996.Analysis of impact of human activity on landscape structure in Yellow River Delta:A case study of Dongying Region.Acta Ecologica Sinica,16(4):337-344.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Fu B,Messing I,2001.Sustainable land-use planning in a typical catchment in the Loess Plateau:A case study.Geographical Research,20(6):713-722.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Li X,Fu B et al.,2014.Development history and future research priorities of landscape ecology in China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,31(6):1059-1064.(in Chinese)
Chen L,Liu Y,Lv Y et al.,2008.Pattern analysis in landscape ecology:Progress,challenges and outlook.Acta Ecologica Sinica,28(11):5521-5531.(in Chinese)
Chen Y,Shi P,Pan J,2012.Analysis on the effect of land-use change on ecosystem service value in the plateau eco-city:A case study of Minle County.Chinese Journal of Research of Soil and water Conservation,19(2):154-159.(in Chinese)
Cheng G,Li X,2015.Integrated research methods in watershed science.Science China:Earth Sciences,45(6):811-819.(in Chinese)
Deng J,Ke W,Hong Y et al.,2009.Spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution of land use change and landscape pattern in response to rapid urbanization.Landscape&Urban Planning,92(3):187-198.
Fu B,Chen L,Ma K,1999.The effect of land use change on the regional environment in the Yangjuangou catchment in the Loess Plateau of China.Acta Geographica Sinica,54(3):241-246.(in Chinese)
Fu B,Qiu Y,Wang J et al.,2002.Effect simulations of land use change on the runoff and erosion for a gully catchment of the Loess Plateau,China.Acta Geographica Sinica,57(6):717-722.(in Chinese)
Gao X,Zheng F,2004.Eco-environment construction and sustainable agriculture development in the Loess Plateau of northern part of Shaanxi Province.Research of Soil&Water Conservation,11(4):47-49.(in Chinese)
Gong J,Liu Y,Xia B,2009.Spatial heterogeneity of urban land-cover landscape in Guangzhou from 1990 to 2005.Journal of Geographical Sciences,19(2):213-224.
Hu Y,Deng L,Zhang S et al.,2011.Changes of land use and landscape pattern in Xichang City based on RS and GIS.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,27(10):322-327.(in Chinese)
Lambin E F,Meyfroidt P,2011.Global land use change,economic globalization,and the looming land scarcity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,108(9):3465-3472.
Lausch A,Herzog F,2002.Applicability of landscape metrics for the monitoring of landscape change:Issues of scale,resolution and interpretability.Ecological indicators,2(1/2):3-15.
Lei N,Han J,Gao H et al.,2017.An analysis of regulation and utilization of water resources of gully control and land reclamation in Yan’an.China Rural Water&Hydropower,(5):26-30.(in Chinese)
Li Y,Cao Z,Long H et al.,2017.Dynamic analysis of ecological environment combined with land cover and NDVI changes and implications for sustainable urban-rural development:The case of Mu Us Sandy Land,China.Journal of Cleaner Production,142:697-715.
Li Y,Liu Y,Long H.2012.Characteristics and mechanism of village transformation development in typical regions of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.Acta Geographica Sinica,67(6):771-782.(in Chinese)
Li Y,Liu Y,Long H et al.,2014.Community-based rural residential land consolidation and allocation can help to revitalize hollowed villages in traditional agricultural areas of China:Evidence from Dancheng County,Henan Province.Land Use Policy,39:188-198.
Liu J,Kuang W,Zhang Z et al.,2014.Spatiotemporal characteristics,patterns,and causes of land-use changes in China since the late 1980s.Journal of Geographical Sciences,24(2):195-210.
Liu Y,Chen Z,Li Y et al.,2017.The planting technology and industrial development prospects of forage rape in the loess hilly area:A case study of newly-increased cultivated land through gully land consolidation in Yan’an,Shaanxi Province.Journal of Natural Resources,32(12):2065-2074.(in Chinese)
Liu Y,Li Y,2017.Engineering philosophy and design scheme of gully land consolidation in Loess Plateau.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,33(10):1-9.(in Chinese)
Liu Y,Wang L,Long H,2008.Spatio-temporal analysis of land-use conversion in the eastern coastal China during1996-2005.Journal of Geographical Sciences,18(3):274-282.
Liu Z,Liu Y,Li Y,2018a.Anthropogenic contributions dominate trends of vegetation cover change over the farming-pastoral ecotone of northern China.Ecological Indicators,95(1):370-378.
Liu Z,Liu Y,Li Y,2018b.Extended warm temperate zone and opportunities for cropping system change in the Loess Plateau of China.International Journal of Climatology.doi:10.1002/joc.5833.
Long H,Liu Y,Wu X et al.,2009.Spatio-temporal dynamic patterns of farmland and rural settlements in Su-Xi-Chang region:Implications for building a new countryside in coastal China.Land Use Policy,26(2):322-333.
Long H,Tang G,Li X et al.,2007.Socio-economic driving forces of land-use change in Kunshan,the Yangtze River Delta economic area of China.Journal of Environmental Management,83(3):351-364.
Lv Y,Fu B,Feng X et al.,2012.A policy-driven large scale ecological restoration:Quantifying ecosystem services changes in the Loess Plateau of China.PLoS ONE,7(2):1-10.
Tuan Y F,1971.Geography,phenomenology,and the study of human nature.Canadian Geographer,15(3):181-192.
Zhang F,Taxipulati T,Ding J et al.,2009.The change of land use/cover and characteristics of landscape pattern in arid areas oasis:A case study of Jinghe County,Xinjiang Province.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(3):1251-1263.(in Chinese)
Zhao B,Kreuter U,Li B et al.,2004.An ecosystem service value assessment of land-use change on Chongming Island,China.Land Use Policy,21(2):139-148.
Zhou D,Zhao S,Zhu C,2011.Impacts of the sloping land conversion program on the land use/cover change in the Loess Plateau:A case study in Ansai County of Shaanxi Province,China.Journal of Natural Resources,26(11):1866-1878.(in Chinese)