建筑业安全形势时空演变特征分析
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摘要
构建综合当量死亡率指标分析建筑业安全形势,采用泰尔指数、空间马尔柯夫链方法来分析2007-2016年建筑业安全形势的区域差异及区位分布的时空演变.研究发现,建筑业安全形势总体有所好转,区位呈现出由均衡分布向高度聚集"波动式"扩散的特点;区域内差异远远大于区域间差异,且西、东部地区差异波动显著,中、东北部地区差异趋近平稳;建筑业安全形势存在不同水平的俱乐部趋同,且具有较明显的空间相关性,表明领域环境对安全形势的转移存在影响,然而,区域环境对不同时间段的类型转移产生非对称性影响.
The synthetic equivalent mortality was proposed to describe the safety situation of construction. By using Theil index and the spatial Markov chain,the temporal and spatial characteristics of construction safety accidents in China from 2007 to 2016 are analyzed. Findings show that the situation of construction safety accidents has improved and developed from diffusion of the balance to the high degree of aggregated "wave type". The inter-regional difference is greater than differences among regions. The mainland's province(or city) of the situation of safety accidents tends to be no significant different while the difference among the western and the east regions is greater than that within other regions. On the other hand,there exists obvious "club convergence"characteristics,the situation of construction safety accidents has an obvious spatial law and is quite different in different provinces and regions in China. Finally,the regional situation of construction safety accidents has asymmetric effects on the type transfer in different periods.
The synthetic equivalent mortality was proposed to describe the safety situation of construction. By using Theil index and the spatial Markov chain,the temporal and spatial characteristics of construction safety accidents in China from 2007 to 2016 are analyzed. Findings show that the situation of construction safety accidents has improved and developed from diffusion of the balance to the high degree of aggregated "wave type". The inter-regional difference is greater than differences among regions. The mainland's province(or city) of the situation of safety accidents tends to be no significant different while the difference among the western and the east regions is greater than that within other regions. On the other hand,there exists obvious "club convergence"characteristics,the situation of construction safety accidents has an obvious spatial law and is quite different in different provinces and regions in China. Finally,the regional situation of construction safety accidents has asymmetric effects on the type transfer in different periods.
引文
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[2]CHI S,HAN S W. Analyses of systems theory for construction accident prevention with specific reference to OSHA accident reports[J]. International Journal of Project Management,2013,31(7):1027-1041.
[3]方东平,丁传波,黄吉欣.我国建筑施工伤亡事故的致因分析和对策[J].土木工程学报,2004,37(8):77-83
[4]刘国买,孙磊.山岭隧道施工安全事故特征分析[J].龙岩学院学报,2014,32(2):29-33.
[5]CHENG C W,SOUSEN L,LIN C C,et al. Characteristic analysis of occupational accidents at small construction enterprises[J].Safety Science,2010,48(6):698-707.
[6]李晓东,孙悦. 2010年我国房屋市政工程生产安全事故分析[J].工程学报,2011,44(增刊1):225-229.
[7]张仕廉,袁霜.我国房屋市政工程生产安全事故空间差异及演变特征[J].中国安全科学学报,2014,24(5):132-137.
[8]中华人民共和国住房与城乡建设部.事故快报[EB/OL].(2017-12-10)[2018-04-15]. http://ginfo.mohurd.gov.cn/.
[9]中华人民共和国国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[EB/OL].(2017-10-15)[2018-04-15].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj.
[10]彭成.世界主要国家职业安全事故统计指标与安全状况比较[J].中国煤炭,2003,29(8):49-51.
[11]王磊,颜刚,蔡辉旺.基于综合死亡率评估法的建筑业安全形势评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(9):10-15.
[12]谭俊涛,张平宇,李静.中国区域创新绩效时空演变特征及其影响因素研究[J].地理科学,2016,36(1):39-46.
[13]王文周,林则夫,张玮,等.我国建筑业发展的空间演化特征研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版),2013,10(4):64-69.