中南部非洲卢富里安铜-钴矿带地层对比研究
|
摘要
中南部非洲新元古代卢富里安铜-钴矿带是全球最重要的沉积型铜-钴成矿带之一,加丹加超群是该成矿带中主要的沉积地层,其最下部的下罗恩亚群是最主要的赋矿岩性层位。通过对现有资料全面深入的分析对比研究认为,加丹加超群在赞比亚铜带省、西北省与刚国(金)加丹加省之间的发育特征、地层层序构造形式都存在明显差异;赞比亚和刚果(金)加丹加超群下部的罗恩群存在明显的沉积相差异,将其中岩性层位从下到上逐一对比,可能并不能真实反映下罗恩亚群在两个地区之间的差异;刚果(金)下罗恩亚群的沉积成岩时代可能比赞比亚的稍晚。
The Neoproterozoic Lufilian Cu-Co belt in the Central-South Africa is one of the most important sedimentary copper belt in the world.In the metallogenic belt,the dominated sedimentary strata are Katanga Supergroup in which the primary mineralization is hosted in the lowermost part of Lower Roan Subgroup.Based on the comprehensive and indepth comparative analysis of existing data,this paper has considered that the stratigraphic nature,sequences,and the structural form of Katanga Supergroup are obvious different between the Copperbelt Province,the Northwestern Province of Zambia,and the Katanga Province in Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC).The sedimentary facies of Roan Group strata in Zambia are quite different from those in DRC.The comparison of lithologic strata from bottom to top may not really reflect the differences of the Lower Roan Subgroup in these two areas.The sedimentary diagenetic age of the Lower Roan Subgroup in DRC might be slightly later than that of Zambia.
The Neoproterozoic Lufilian Cu-Co belt in the Central-South Africa is one of the most important sedimentary copper belt in the world.In the metallogenic belt,the dominated sedimentary strata are Katanga Supergroup in which the primary mineralization is hosted in the lowermost part of Lower Roan Subgroup.Based on the comprehensive and indepth comparative analysis of existing data,this paper has considered that the stratigraphic nature,sequences,and the structural form of Katanga Supergroup are obvious different between the Copperbelt Province,the Northwestern Province of Zambia,and the Katanga Province in Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC).The sedimentary facies of Roan Group strata in Zambia are quite different from those in DRC.The comparison of lithologic strata from bottom to top may not really reflect the differences of the Lower Roan Subgroup in these two areas.The sedimentary diagenetic age of the Lower Roan Subgroup in DRC might be slightly later than that of Zambia.
引文
[1]刘国平,肖波,孙希文,等.非洲卢富里安成矿带铜-钴多金属矿成矿演化与找矿[M].北京:地质出版社(在刊),2018.
[2]赵兴国.赞比亚谦比希铜矿床地质特征[J].地质与勘探,2010,46(1):183-190.
[3] HITZMAN M,KIRKHAM R,BROUGHTON D,et al.The sediment-hosted stratiform copper ore system[J].Economic Geology,2005,100:609-642.
[4] HITZMAN M W,SELLEY D,BULL S.Formation of sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits through Earth history[J].Economic Geology,2010,105(3):627-639.
[5] SINGER D A.World-class base and precious metal deposits:aquantitative analysis[J].Economic Geology,1995,90:88-104.
[6]张东红,肖波.中部非洲沉积型铜-钴矿地质及找矿潜力[M].北京:地质出版社,2013:1-112.
[7]张道俊,冷莹莹.赞比亚铜矿床类型及地质特征[J].地质与勘探,2013,49(3):570-576.
[8] BROUGHTON D W.Geology and ore deposits of the Central African Copperbelt[D].Colorado School of Mines,2014.
[9]华仁民.中国中元古代裂谷作用及其对层控铜矿床的控制[J].大地构造与成矿学,1989(2):150-160.
[10]高坪仙.东非铜矿带与中国东川铜矿带某些地质特征对比[J].国外前寒武纪地质,1996(2):49-53.
[11]何毅特.东川铜矿成矿系列、矿床类型及成矿模式[J].云南地质,1996,15(4):319-329.
[12] COX D P,LINDSEY D A,SINGER D A,et al.Sediment-hosted copper deposits of the world:deposit models and database[M].USGS Open-File Report 03-107,USA:Denver,2003:1-53.
[13] BROWN A C.World-class sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits:characteristics,genetic concepts and metallotects[J].Australian Journal of Earth Sciences,1997,44(3):317-328.
[14] WAELE D B,JOHNSON S P,PISAREVSKY S A.Palaeoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic growth and evolution of the eastern Congo Craton:its role in the Rodinia puzzle[J].Precambrian Research,2008,160(1/2):127-141.
[15] KAMPUNZU A B,TEMBO F,MATHEIS G,et al.Geochemistry and tectonic setting of mafic igneous units in the Neoproterozoic Katangan Basin,central Africa:implications for Rodinia break-up[J].Gondwana Research,2000,3(2):125-153.
[16] BATUMIKE M J,CAILTEUX J L H,KAMPUNZU A B.Lithostratigrapy,basin development,base metal deposits,and regional correlations of the Neoproterozoic Nguba and Kundelungu rock successions,central African Copperbelt[J].Gondwana Research,2007,11:432-447.
[17] BROUGHTON D,SELLEY D,WOODHEAD J,et al.The central African Copperbelt:diverse stratigraphic,structural,and temporal settings in the world’s largest sedimentary copper district[J].Society of Economic Geologists,Special Publication,2012,16:487-514.
[2]赵兴国.赞比亚谦比希铜矿床地质特征[J].地质与勘探,2010,46(1):183-190.
[3] HITZMAN M,KIRKHAM R,BROUGHTON D,et al.The sediment-hosted stratiform copper ore system[J].Economic Geology,2005,100:609-642.
[4] HITZMAN M W,SELLEY D,BULL S.Formation of sedimentary rock-hosted stratiform copper deposits through Earth history[J].Economic Geology,2010,105(3):627-639.
[5] SINGER D A.World-class base and precious metal deposits:aquantitative analysis[J].Economic Geology,1995,90:88-104.
[6]张东红,肖波.中部非洲沉积型铜-钴矿地质及找矿潜力[M].北京:地质出版社,2013:1-112.
[7]张道俊,冷莹莹.赞比亚铜矿床类型及地质特征[J].地质与勘探,2013,49(3):570-576.
[8] BROUGHTON D W.Geology and ore deposits of the Central African Copperbelt[D].Colorado School of Mines,2014.
[9]华仁民.中国中元古代裂谷作用及其对层控铜矿床的控制[J].大地构造与成矿学,1989(2):150-160.
[10]高坪仙.东非铜矿带与中国东川铜矿带某些地质特征对比[J].国外前寒武纪地质,1996(2):49-53.
[11]何毅特.东川铜矿成矿系列、矿床类型及成矿模式[J].云南地质,1996,15(4):319-329.
[12] COX D P,LINDSEY D A,SINGER D A,et al.Sediment-hosted copper deposits of the world:deposit models and database[M].USGS Open-File Report 03-107,USA:Denver,2003:1-53.
[13] BROWN A C.World-class sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits:characteristics,genetic concepts and metallotects[J].Australian Journal of Earth Sciences,1997,44(3):317-328.
[14] WAELE D B,JOHNSON S P,PISAREVSKY S A.Palaeoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic growth and evolution of the eastern Congo Craton:its role in the Rodinia puzzle[J].Precambrian Research,2008,160(1/2):127-141.
[15] KAMPUNZU A B,TEMBO F,MATHEIS G,et al.Geochemistry and tectonic setting of mafic igneous units in the Neoproterozoic Katangan Basin,central Africa:implications for Rodinia break-up[J].Gondwana Research,2000,3(2):125-153.
[16] BATUMIKE M J,CAILTEUX J L H,KAMPUNZU A B.Lithostratigrapy,basin development,base metal deposits,and regional correlations of the Neoproterozoic Nguba and Kundelungu rock successions,central African Copperbelt[J].Gondwana Research,2007,11:432-447.
[17] BROUGHTON D,SELLEY D,WOODHEAD J,et al.The central African Copperbelt:diverse stratigraphic,structural,and temporal settings in the world’s largest sedimentary copper district[J].Society of Economic Geologists,Special Publication,2012,16:487-514.