零折射率材料的物理与应用
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摘要
零折射率材料因其异常的电磁/光学特性在电磁波操控、新型天线和波导器件、非线性光学、光学吸收、电光调制等领域有着广泛的应用前景。文章首先介绍了零折射率材料的分类和实现方法,然后总结了零折射率材料的基本概念和电磁/光学特性,包括电磁波在零折射率材料中的折射、反射特性和"隧穿"效应,掺杂杂质对二维和三维体系的零折射率材料的影响,各向异性零折射率的电磁特性,零折射率材料内外的电场分布特性;最后介绍了零折射率材料的部分典型应用,并对零折射率材料的研究进行了展望。
Due to their extraordinary electromagnetic/optical properties, zero-index media have extensive application prospects in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves,novel antenna and waveguide devices, nonlinear optics, optical absorption, electro-optical modulation, etc. In this review, we first present the classification and realization of zero-index materials. Then, we focus on their fundamental concepts and electromagnetic/optical properties,including refraction, reflection and tunneling effects of electromagnetic waves, the influence of doped defects in both two-and three-dimensions, features of anisotropic zero-index media, and the distribution of electric fields in and outside the medium. Finally, we review a variety of applications, and provide a brief summary and outlook on future studies of these materials.
Due to their extraordinary electromagnetic/optical properties, zero-index media have extensive application prospects in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves,novel antenna and waveguide devices, nonlinear optics, optical absorption, electro-optical modulation, etc. In this review, we first present the classification and realization of zero-index materials. Then, we focus on their fundamental concepts and electromagnetic/optical properties,including refraction, reflection and tunneling effects of electromagnetic waves, the influence of doped defects in both two-and three-dimensions, features of anisotropic zero-index media, and the distribution of electric fields in and outside the medium. Finally, we review a variety of applications, and provide a brief summary and outlook on future studies of these materials.
引文
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