热球式风速仪测量不确定度的分析与评定
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摘要
针对热球式风速仪尚缺乏测量不确定度研究的现状,介绍了GUM法分析与评定测量不确定度的详细流程和步骤,以恒流式热球式风速仪为例,通过参照相应规程对其进行校准,并对校准结果进行不确定度的分析与评定。得出结论:1)存在多种因素对测量结果的不确定度有着直接影响;2)测量环境引入的分量对最终的测量不确定度结果影响较小;3)由数字微压计测量误差引入的分量随着风速值的加大,分量值逐渐递减;4)由皮托管准确度、安装误差、支杆阻塞误差和风洞内的测风段的不均匀性及波动性引入的分量较大,随风速值的增大线性递增;5)根据《JJF1094-2002测量仪器特性评定》的要求,U≤MPEV/3,满足符合性评定要求,不需考虑其对测量误差值的影响。
In view of the lack of research on the uncertainty of measurement of hot-ball anemometer,the detailed process and steps of the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement(GUM)method for analysis and evaluation of uncertainty of measurement are introduced in detail.Taking the constant-flow hot-ball anemometer as an example,it is calibrated by referring to the corresponding regulations,and the uncertainty of the calibration results is analyzed and evaluated.It is concluded that:1)there are many factors that have direct influence on the uncertainty of measurement results,2)the component introduced by the measurement environment has little influence on the final uncertainty of measurement,3)the component introduced by the measurement error of digital micromanometer decreases gradually along with the increase of wind speed value,4)the components introduced by pitot tube accuracy,installation error,support blocking error and non-uniformity and fluctuation of wind measurement section in wind tunnel are larger,and increase linearly with the increase of wind speed value,5)according to the requirements of JJF1094-2002 evaluation of the characteristics of measuring instruments,U≤MPEV/3,meets the requirements of conformity assessment and it is not necessary to consider its influence on measurement error.
In view of the lack of research on the uncertainty of measurement of hot-ball anemometer,the detailed process and steps of the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement(GUM)method for analysis and evaluation of uncertainty of measurement are introduced in detail.Taking the constant-flow hot-ball anemometer as an example,it is calibrated by referring to the corresponding regulations,and the uncertainty of the calibration results is analyzed and evaluated.It is concluded that:1)there are many factors that have direct influence on the uncertainty of measurement results,2)the component introduced by the measurement environment has little influence on the final uncertainty of measurement,3)the component introduced by the measurement error of digital micromanometer decreases gradually along with the increase of wind speed value,4)the components introduced by pitot tube accuracy,installation error,support blocking error and non-uniformity and fluctuation of wind measurement section in wind tunnel are larger,and increase linearly with the increase of wind speed value,5)according to the requirements of JJF1094-2002 evaluation of the characteristics of measuring instruments,U≤MPEV/3,meets the requirements of conformity assessment and it is not necessary to consider its influence on measurement error.
引文
[1]闫选利，王保强，卢会国，等．风速传感器检定与校准方法研究[J]．成都信息工程学院学报，2012,27(4):344-348.
[2]郭金良，白景双，冯杰．煤矿用涡街原理风速传感器校准方法研究[J]．电子测量与仪器学报，2012,26(S1):125-127.
[3]朱乐坤，沙奕卓，温晓清．风速传感器测试结果的不确定度分析[J]．仪器仪表学报，2007,28(8):444-448.
[4]刘园园，杨健，赵希勇，等．GUM法和MCM法评定测量不确定度对比分析[J]．计量学报，2018,39(1):135-139.
[5]韩玉婷，吴丽娜，汪鑫．数字风速仪测量结果的不确定度评定[J]．气象水文海洋仪器，2017,34(2):26-29.
[6]黄敏，卢会国，王保强，等．超声测风传感器测量结果不确定度分析[J]．成都信息工程学院学报，2015,30(4):361-365.
[7]刘宇，武春爱，张佳佳，等．基于检定环境对风速表标准值影响的研究[J]．国外电子测量技术，2016,35(10):72-75.
[8]党选发，刘永强，张红英，等．风速检定中对标准风速测量值的影响分析[J]．气象，2013,39(2):249-252.
[9]陈涛，杨涛．杯式风速传感器检定量值线性延伸方法探讨[J]．电子测量技术，2017,40(9):238-240.
[10]王敏，魏根宝，周昌文．风速传感器回归方程的不确定度评定方法研究[J]．气象水文海洋仪器，2013,30(1):1-5.
[11]沈广平，秦明，黄庆安，等．低热导率衬底的热风速风向传感器研究[J]．仪器仪表学报，2009,30(5):984-989.
[12]国家质量监督检验检疫总局．JJF1059.1-2012测量不确定度评定与表示[S]．北京：中国质检出版社，2012.
[13]刘智敏．扩展不确定度的新算法[J]．中国计量学院学报，2013,14(1):1-10.
[14]魏明明．蒙特卡洛法与GUM评定测量不确定度对比分析[J]．电子测量与仪器学报，2018,32(11):17-25.
[15]魏明明，金锐，闻春华，苗洁，郑德彬．温湿度传感器校准结果的不确定度分析与评定[J]．电子测量技术，2018,41(8):35-41..
[2]郭金良，白景双，冯杰．煤矿用涡街原理风速传感器校准方法研究[J]．电子测量与仪器学报，2012,26(S1):125-127.
[3]朱乐坤，沙奕卓，温晓清．风速传感器测试结果的不确定度分析[J]．仪器仪表学报，2007,28(8):444-448.
[4]刘园园，杨健，赵希勇，等．GUM法和MCM法评定测量不确定度对比分析[J]．计量学报，2018,39(1):135-139.
[5]韩玉婷，吴丽娜，汪鑫．数字风速仪测量结果的不确定度评定[J]．气象水文海洋仪器，2017,34(2):26-29.
[6]黄敏，卢会国，王保强，等．超声测风传感器测量结果不确定度分析[J]．成都信息工程学院学报，2015,30(4):361-365.
[7]刘宇，武春爱，张佳佳，等．基于检定环境对风速表标准值影响的研究[J]．国外电子测量技术，2016,35(10):72-75.
[8]党选发，刘永强，张红英，等．风速检定中对标准风速测量值的影响分析[J]．气象，2013,39(2):249-252.
[9]陈涛，杨涛．杯式风速传感器检定量值线性延伸方法探讨[J]．电子测量技术，2017,40(9):238-240.
[10]王敏，魏根宝，周昌文．风速传感器回归方程的不确定度评定方法研究[J]．气象水文海洋仪器，2013,30(1):1-5.
[11]沈广平，秦明，黄庆安，等．低热导率衬底的热风速风向传感器研究[J]．仪器仪表学报，2009,30(5):984-989.
[12]国家质量监督检验检疫总局．JJF1059.1-2012测量不确定度评定与表示[S]．北京：中国质检出版社，2012.
[13]刘智敏．扩展不确定度的新算法[J]．中国计量学院学报，2013,14(1):1-10.
[14]魏明明．蒙特卡洛法与GUM评定测量不确定度对比分析[J]．电子测量与仪器学报，2018,32(11):17-25.
[15]魏明明，金锐，闻春华，苗洁，郑德彬．温湿度传感器校准结果的不确定度分析与评定[J]．电子测量技术，2018,41(8):35-41..