城市群空间功能分工与制造业企业成长——兼议城市群高质量发展的政策红利
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摘要
十九大报告提出要以城市群为主体构建大中小城市和小城镇协调发展的城镇格局,但迄今为止关于中国城市群空间功能分工如何影响微观企业动态成长的实证研究仍相对匮乏。基于"规模借用"与"功能借用"视角,探讨了城市群空间功能分工对制造业企业成长的影响效应及其作用机制,并运用中国工业企业数据库微观数据进行实证检验。研究发现:城市群空间功能分工优化显著地促进了制造业企业成长,并且这一影响会因企业所处的地理区位、生命周期阶段和行业要素密集度的差异而存在异质性,对处于东部城市群、成熟期阶段和技术密集型行业的制造业企业作用会更为显著。进一步地,城市群空间功能分工主要通过"产业互动关联效应"、"产业多样化集聚效应"和"市场准入提高效应"传导机制来影响制造业企业成长。研究结果为检验城市群空间功能分工与微观企业成长之间的"产城融合"关系提供了研究支持,也为地方政府优化城市群空间格局和城市功能分工、促进城市群产业转型升级和创新城市群一体化发展体制机制提供了决策参考。
The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to build an urban structure in which large,medium,and small cities and towns develop coordinately within urban agglomerations. However,empirical research on how spatial division of Chinese urban agglomeration affects the dynamic growth of enterprises is still relatively scarce. Based on the perspective of externality, this paper empirically explores the spillover effect of the spatial division of urban agglomeration on the growth of manufacturing enterprises and its mechanism. Main conclusions include following aspects.First,the spatial division of urban agglomerations significantly promotes the growth of manufacturing enterprises. Second,the impact of the spatial division of urban agglomeration on the growth of manufacturing enterprises will be regulated by geographical location,life cycle and factor intensity of enterprises. These effects will be more obvious for the samples of eastern urban agglomerations, the mature stage and the technology-intensive industries. Third, industrial interaction,industrial diversification agglomeration and market access expansion are the key transmission mechanisms. This paper is beneficial for the understanding of relationship between spatial division of urban agglomeration and growth of manufacturing enterprise. It also provides policy implications for optimizing urban industrial spatial layout and the high-quality development of urban real economy.
The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to build an urban structure in which large,medium,and small cities and towns develop coordinately within urban agglomerations. However,empirical research on how spatial division of Chinese urban agglomeration affects the dynamic growth of enterprises is still relatively scarce. Based on the perspective of externality, this paper empirically explores the spillover effect of the spatial division of urban agglomeration on the growth of manufacturing enterprises and its mechanism. Main conclusions include following aspects.First,the spatial division of urban agglomerations significantly promotes the growth of manufacturing enterprises. Second,the impact of the spatial division of urban agglomeration on the growth of manufacturing enterprises will be regulated by geographical location,life cycle and factor intensity of enterprises. These effects will be more obvious for the samples of eastern urban agglomerations, the mature stage and the technology-intensive industries. Third, industrial interaction,industrial diversification agglomeration and market access expansion are the key transmission mechanisms. This paper is beneficial for the understanding of relationship between spatial division of urban agglomeration and growth of manufacturing enterprise. It also provides policy implications for optimizing urban industrial spatial layout and the high-quality development of urban real economy.
引文
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[10]NATHAN M,OVERMAN H. Agglomeration,clusters,and industrial policy[J]. Oxford review of economic policy,2013,29(2):383-404.
[11]刘修岩,陈子扬.城市体系中的规模借用与功能借用——基于网络外部性视角的实证检验[J].城市问题,2017(12):12-19.
[12]DAVIS D R,WEINSTEIN D E. Market access,economic geography and comparative advantage:an empirical test[J].Journal of international economics,2003,59(1):1-23.
[13]OTSUKA A,GOTO M,SUEYOSHI T. Industrial agglomeration effects in Japan:productive efficiency,market access,and public fiscal transfer[J]. Papers in regional science,2010,89(4):819-840.
[14]BATHELT H,MALMBERG A,MASKELL P. Clusters and knowledge:local buzz,global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation[J]. Progress in human geography,2004,28(1):31-56.
[15]FUJITA M,THISSE J F. Economics of agglomeration:cities,industrial location,and globalization[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2013.
[16]NAKAMURA R. Agglomeration economies in urban manufacturing industries:a case of Japanese cities[J]. Journal of urban economics,1985,17(1):108-124.
[17]FRENKEN K,BOSCHMA R A. A theoretical framework for evolutionary economic geography:industrial dynamics and urban growth as a branching process[J]. Papers in evolutionary economic geography,2007,7(5):635-649.
[18]NING L,WANG F,LI J. Urban innovation,regional externalities of foreign direct investment and industrial agglomeration:evidence from Chinese cities[J]. Research policy,2016,45(4):830-843.
[19]赵勇,白永秀.中国城市群功能分工测度与分析[J].中国工业经济,2012(11):18-30.
[20]吴先明,张楠,赵奇伟.工资扭曲、种群密度与企业成长:基于企业生命周期的动态分析[J].中国工业经济,2017(10):137-155.
[21]李贲,吴利华.开发区设立与企业成长:异质性与机制研究[J].中国工业经济,2018(4):79-97.
[22]袁鹏,徐媛,刘海洋.中国制造业企业的成长符合Gibrat法则吗?[J].产业经济研究,2017(6):26-37.
[23]BRANDT L,VAN BIESEBROECK J,ZHANG Y F. Creative accounting or creative destruction? Firm-level productivity growth in Chinese manufacturing[J]. Journal of development economics,2012,97(2):339-351.
[24]刘胜,顾乃华.行政垄断、生产性服务业集聚与城市工业污染——来自260个地级及以上城市的经验证据[J].财经研究,2015(11):95-107.
[25]杨勇.产业关联、市场竞争与地区新生企业产能累积[J].中国工业经济,2017(9):63-80.
[26]张梦婷,俞峰,钟昌标,等.高铁网络、市场准入与企业生产率[J].中国工业经济,2018(5):137-156.
[27]DURANTON G,PUGA D. Diversity and specialisation in cities:why,where and when does it matter?[J]. Urban studies,2000,37(3):533-555.
(1)变量数据主要来自杨勇[25]、张梦婷等[26]、李贲和吴利华[21],参见《中国工业经济》网站(http://www.ciejournal.org)附件下载。
[2]KRUGMAN P. Increasing returns and economic geography[J]. Journal of political economy,1991,99(3):483-499.
[3]VAN OORT F,BURGER M,RASPE O. On the economic foundation of the urban network paradigm:spatial integration,functional integration and economic complementarities within the Dutch Randstad[J]. Urban studies,2010,47(4):725-748.
[4]MASSEY D. Spatial divisions of labour:social structures and the geography of production[M]. London:Macmillan International Higher Education,1995.
[5]DURANTON G,PUGA D. From sectoral to functional urban specialisation[J]. Journal of urban economics,2002,57(2):343-370.
[6]MEIJERS E J,BURGER M J,HOOGERBRUGGE M M. Borrowing size in networks of cities:city size,network connectivity and metropolitan functions in Europe[J]. Papers in regional science,2016,95(1):181-198.
[7]姚常成,宋冬林.借用规模、网络外部性与城市群集聚经济[J].产业经济研究,2019(2):76-87.
[8]SCOTT A J. New industrial spaces:flexible production organization and regional-development in North-America and Western-Europe[M]. London:Pion ltd,1989.
[9]KLOOSTERMAN R C,MUSTERD S. The polycentric urban region:towards a research agenda[J]. Urban studies,2001,38(4):623-633.
[10]NATHAN M,OVERMAN H. Agglomeration,clusters,and industrial policy[J]. Oxford review of economic policy,2013,29(2):383-404.
[11]刘修岩,陈子扬.城市体系中的规模借用与功能借用——基于网络外部性视角的实证检验[J].城市问题,2017(12):12-19.
[12]DAVIS D R,WEINSTEIN D E. Market access,economic geography and comparative advantage:an empirical test[J].Journal of international economics,2003,59(1):1-23.
[13]OTSUKA A,GOTO M,SUEYOSHI T. Industrial agglomeration effects in Japan:productive efficiency,market access,and public fiscal transfer[J]. Papers in regional science,2010,89(4):819-840.
[14]BATHELT H,MALMBERG A,MASKELL P. Clusters and knowledge:local buzz,global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation[J]. Progress in human geography,2004,28(1):31-56.
[15]FUJITA M,THISSE J F. Economics of agglomeration:cities,industrial location,and globalization[M]. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2013.
[16]NAKAMURA R. Agglomeration economies in urban manufacturing industries:a case of Japanese cities[J]. Journal of urban economics,1985,17(1):108-124.
[17]FRENKEN K,BOSCHMA R A. A theoretical framework for evolutionary economic geography:industrial dynamics and urban growth as a branching process[J]. Papers in evolutionary economic geography,2007,7(5):635-649.
[18]NING L,WANG F,LI J. Urban innovation,regional externalities of foreign direct investment and industrial agglomeration:evidence from Chinese cities[J]. Research policy,2016,45(4):830-843.
[19]赵勇,白永秀.中国城市群功能分工测度与分析[J].中国工业经济,2012(11):18-30.
[20]吴先明,张楠,赵奇伟.工资扭曲、种群密度与企业成长:基于企业生命周期的动态分析[J].中国工业经济,2017(10):137-155.
[21]李贲,吴利华.开发区设立与企业成长:异质性与机制研究[J].中国工业经济,2018(4):79-97.
[22]袁鹏,徐媛,刘海洋.中国制造业企业的成长符合Gibrat法则吗?[J].产业经济研究,2017(6):26-37.
[23]BRANDT L,VAN BIESEBROECK J,ZHANG Y F. Creative accounting or creative destruction? Firm-level productivity growth in Chinese manufacturing[J]. Journal of development economics,2012,97(2):339-351.
[24]刘胜,顾乃华.行政垄断、生产性服务业集聚与城市工业污染——来自260个地级及以上城市的经验证据[J].财经研究,2015(11):95-107.
[25]杨勇.产业关联、市场竞争与地区新生企业产能累积[J].中国工业经济,2017(9):63-80.
[26]张梦婷,俞峰,钟昌标,等.高铁网络、市场准入与企业生产率[J].中国工业经济,2018(5):137-156.
[27]DURANTON G,PUGA D. Diversity and specialisation in cities:why,where and when does it matter?[J]. Urban studies,2000,37(3):533-555.
(1)变量数据主要来自杨勇[25]、张梦婷等[26]、李贲和吴利华[21],参见《中国工业经济》网站(http://www.ciejournal.org)附件下载。
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