松潘—甘孜造山带容须卡岩浆-穹隆地质特征及构造演化
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摘要
位于松潘—甘孜造山带雅江穹隆群北东部的容须卡岩浆底辟穹隆区,经历了多期构造演化,内部构造极其复杂。为厘清容须卡地区岩浆与穹隆的演化关系,通过野外地质调查及室内综合研究,探讨了容须卡穹隆的地质特征及构造演化。该穹隆中心发育无根或肠状褶皱,及"S"型、"Z"型褶皱和"A"型平卧褶皱;穹隆外围发育叠加褶皱,反映造山带早期SN向和EW向收缩挤压。该穹隆主要经历了晚三叠世(印支末期)SN向与EW向的"双向挤压"作用;成穹期岩浆向上侵位时限为(214.4±1.2) Ma;成穹后经历了挤压推覆和应力松弛阶段;早中新世(17～10 Ma),由于青藏高原东南缘快速抬升,松潘—甘孜造山带发育NW-SE向鲜水河左旋走滑断裂,使容须卡地区形成一系列NNW向韧脆性和脆性破碎带。
Rongxuka magma diapir dome is located in the northeastern part of Yajiang domes in Songpan-Ganzi orogenic zone, it has undergone multi-stage tectonic evolution, and the interior structure is extremely complex. In order to clarify the evolution relationships between magma and dome in Rongxuka area, the authors studied the geological characteristics and structure evolution of the dome on the basis of field geological survey and indoor comprehensive research. The rootless or ptygmatic folds in the center of the dome were well developed, as well as 'S-type', 'Z-type' folds and 'A-type' recumbent folds. Superposed folds were developed in the periphery of the dome structure, which reflected that the orogenic zone was subjected to SN and EW biaxial compression in the early stage. Rongxuka dome has mainly underwent SN and EW biaxial compression in Indo-Chinese epoch or late Triassic. The time limited for the magma intruding upward to form the dome was(214.4±1.2) Ma. After the dome was formed, it went through the stages of extrusion nappe and stress relaxation. Owing to the rapid tectonic uplift of the southeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau during the early Miocene(17～10 Ma), the NW-SE sinistral strike slip faults of Xianshuihe were formed, which contributed to a series of NNW ductile and brittle fractured shear zones in Rongxuka area.
Rongxuka magma diapir dome is located in the northeastern part of Yajiang domes in Songpan-Ganzi orogenic zone, it has undergone multi-stage tectonic evolution, and the interior structure is extremely complex. In order to clarify the evolution relationships between magma and dome in Rongxuka area, the authors studied the geological characteristics and structure evolution of the dome on the basis of field geological survey and indoor comprehensive research. The rootless or ptygmatic folds in the center of the dome were well developed, as well as 'S-type', 'Z-type' folds and 'A-type' recumbent folds. Superposed folds were developed in the periphery of the dome structure, which reflected that the orogenic zone was subjected to SN and EW biaxial compression in the early stage. Rongxuka dome has mainly underwent SN and EW biaxial compression in Indo-Chinese epoch or late Triassic. The time limited for the magma intruding upward to form the dome was(214.4±1.2) Ma. After the dome was formed, it went through the stages of extrusion nappe and stress relaxation. Owing to the rapid tectonic uplift of the southeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau during the early Miocene(17～10 Ma), the NW-SE sinistral strike slip faults of Xianshuihe were formed, which contributed to a series of NNW ductile and brittle fractured shear zones in Rongxuka area.
引文
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[21] 周雄,周玉,罗丽萍,等.川西容须卡锂辉石矿床石英闪长岩锆石LA-ICP MS测年及构造意义[J].矿物岩石,2018,38(4):88-97.
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[25] 熊探宇,姚鑫,张永双.鲜水河断裂带全新世活动性研究进展综述[J].地质力学学报,2010,16(2):176-188.
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[27] 李德威,刘德民,廖群安,等.藏南萨迦拉轨岗日变质核杂岩的厘定及其成因[J].地质通报,2003,22(5):303-307.
[28] Yin A,Kapp P A,Murphy M A,et al.Significant late Neogene east-west extension in northern Tibet[J].Geology,1999,27(9):787-790.
[29] Yin A.Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Himalayan orogen as constrained by along-strike variation of structural geometry,exhumation history,and foreland sedimentation[J].Earth Science Reviews,2006,76(1/2):1-131.
[30] Lee J,Wang Y,Mcwilliams M,et al.Contraction,extension,and diapirism in Mabja Dome:implications for tectonics of southern Tibet[J].Br J Rheumatol,1994,33(33):142-147.
[2] Sengor A M C.Tectonic subdivisions and evolution of Asia[J].Bulletin of Technic University Istambul,1987(40):355-435.
[3] Dewey J F,Shackleton R M,Cheng C F,et al.The tectonic evolution of the Tibetan plateau[J].Philos Trans Roy Soc London A:Mathemat Phys Eng Sci,1988,327:379-416.
[4] Mattauer M,Malavieille J,Calassou S,et al.La cha?ne triasique de Songpan-Garze (ouest Sichuan et Est Tibet):une cha?ne de plissement-décollement sur marge passive[J].C.R.Acad.Sci,Paris,1992,314(6):619-626.
[5] 许志琴.中国松潘—甘孜造山带的造山过程[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[6] Calassou S.Etude tectonique d'une chaine de decollement:A) tectonique Triasique et Tertiaire de la chaine de Songpan-Garze.B) geometrie et cinematique des deformations dans les prismes d'accretion sedimentaire:modelisation analogique[D].Montpellier,France:Université de Montpellier II,1994.
[7] Roger F.Datations et tracage des granitoides associes a la chaine de Songpan-Garze (Ouest Sichuan,Chine) par les methodes U/Pb,Rb/Sr et Sm/Nd[D].These de doctorat,Montpellier II,1994:1-239.
[8] 许志琴,侯立玮,王大可,等.“西康式”褶皱及其变形机制——一种新的造山带褶皱类型[J].中国区域地质,1991(1):1-9.
[9] 付小方,侯立玮,许志琴,等.雅江北部热隆扩展系的变形-变质作用[J].四川地质学报,1991,11(2):79-86.
[10] 侯立玮.扬子克拉通西缘穹状变形变质体的类型与成因[J].四川地质学报,1996,16(1):6-11.
[11] 许志琴,付小方,马绪宣,等.青藏高原片麻岩穹隆与找矿前景[J].地质学报,2016,90(11):2971-2981.
[12] 秦宇龙,郝雪峰,徐云峰,等.四川甲基卡地区花岗岩型稀有金属矿找矿规律及标志[J].中国地质调查,2015,2(7):35-39.
[13] 侯立玮,付小方.松潘—甘孜造山带东缘穹隆状变质地质体[M].成都:四川大学出版社,2002.
[14] 黄昌旗,张开毕,石建基,等.闽赣交界武夷山南段“桃溪穹隆”形变特征及构造演化探讨[J].华东地质,2018,39(4):252-260.
[15] 陈龙,施炜.叠加褶皱研究进展综述[J].地质力学学报,2014,20(4):455-468.
[16] 许志琴.拉伸线理及其构造意义[J].四川地质学报,1989(2):9-15.
[17] 朱志澄.构造地质学[M].2版.武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2003.
[18] 吴婵,许志琴,WEBB A A G,等.松潘—甘孜造山带鲜水河断裂与雅拉雪山片麻岩穹隆的关系[J].地质学报,2016,90(11):2982-2998.
[19] 梁斌,付小方,唐屹,等.川西甲基卡稀有金属矿区花岗岩岩石地球化学特征[J].桂林理工大学学报,2016,36(1):42-49.
[20] 郝雪峰,付小方,梁斌,等.川西甲基卡花岗岩和新三号矿脉的形成时代及意义[J].矿床地质,2015,34(6):1199-1208.
[21] 周雄,周玉,罗丽萍,等.川西容须卡锂辉石矿床石英闪长岩锆石LA-ICP MS测年及构造意义[J].矿物岩石,2018,38(4):88-97.
[22] 陈文,张彦,张岳桥,等.青藏高原东南缘晚新生代幕式抬升作用的Ar-Ar热年代学证据[J].岩石学报,2006,22(4):867-872.
[23] 王宗秀,许志琴,杨天南,等.川西鲜水河断裂带变形机制研究——一个浅层次高温韧性平移剪切带[J].中国区域地质,1996(3):54-61.
[24] 谢启兴,秦宇龙,何文劲,等.四川1∶25万阿坝县幅区调主要成果与进展[J].中国地质调查,2015,2(6):7-19.
[25] 熊探宇,姚鑫,张永双.鲜水河断裂带全新世活动性研究进展综述[J].地质力学学报,2010,16(2):176-188.
[26] Harrison T M,Lovera O M,Grove M.New insights into the origin of two contrasting Himalayan granite belts[J].Geology,1997,25(10):899-902.
[27] 李德威,刘德民,廖群安,等.藏南萨迦拉轨岗日变质核杂岩的厘定及其成因[J].地质通报,2003,22(5):303-307.
[28] Yin A,Kapp P A,Murphy M A,et al.Significant late Neogene east-west extension in northern Tibet[J].Geology,1999,27(9):787-790.
[29] Yin A.Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Himalayan orogen as constrained by along-strike variation of structural geometry,exhumation history,and foreland sedimentation[J].Earth Science Reviews,2006,76(1/2):1-131.
[30] Lee J,Wang Y,Mcwilliams M,et al.Contraction,extension,and diapirism in Mabja Dome:implications for tectonics of southern Tibet[J].Br J Rheumatol,1994,33(33):142-147.
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