上海地面沉降对轨道交通安全运营风险评估
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摘要
地面沉降灾害对基础设施的安全运营造成了很大的威胁.轨道交通作为一种线状结构穿越于上海软土地层中,地面沉降灾害不可避免地会对轨道交通的安全运营产生影响,轨道交通自建成以来长期遭受地面沉降灾害带来的风险.基于梯形模糊AHP(Analytical Hierarchical Process)和集对分析法,通过主客观相结合的方式,以GIS(Geographic Information System)平台为分析工具,对上海地面沉降造成轨道交通沉降风险进行全面综合的评估,从而得出以考虑基础设施安全为侧重点的地面沉降防治区划以及轨道交通沿线的沉降风险等级.分析表明,采用梯形模糊AHP与集对分析相结合的方法可以对区域地面沉降综合风险进行合理有效的评估,并对重要基础设施所在区域的风险等级进行合理的识别.轨道交通沿线沉降风险等级表明中心城区以北和靠近黄浦江地区的轨道交通相比于其他区域具有较高的沉降风险,建议对该部位的轨道交通线路采取必要的沉降监测及防治措施.
Land subsidence disasters pose a great threat to the safe operation of infrastructure. As linear structures,metro systems cross the soft soil layer in Shanghai. Land subsidence disasters inevitably affect the safe operation of metro system. Metro system has long suffered from the risks of land subsidence since its completion. Based on trapezoidal fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process(AHP)and Set Pair Analysis(SPA),using the combination of subjective and objective analyses,this paper attempts to assess the risk of metro system settlement caused by land subsidence in Shanghai. Moreover,the land subsidence prevention zoning with the emphasis on infrastructure safety and the settlement risk level along the rail transit are obtained. The results show that the combination of trapezoidal fuzzy AHP and SPA can reasonably and effectively assess the risk of regional land subsidence,and reasonably identify the risk level of the important infrastructure. The settlement risk level within 500 m along the metro system indicates that the metro system in the north of the central city and close to the Huangpu River areas have higher settlement risk than other areas. It is recommended to take monitoring and prevention measures for the metro system in this area.
Land subsidence disasters pose a great threat to the safe operation of infrastructure. As linear structures,metro systems cross the soft soil layer in Shanghai. Land subsidence disasters inevitably affect the safe operation of metro system. Metro system has long suffered from the risks of land subsidence since its completion. Based on trapezoidal fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process(AHP)and Set Pair Analysis(SPA),using the combination of subjective and objective analyses,this paper attempts to assess the risk of metro system settlement caused by land subsidence in Shanghai. Moreover,the land subsidence prevention zoning with the emphasis on infrastructure safety and the settlement risk level along the rail transit are obtained. The results show that the combination of trapezoidal fuzzy AHP and SPA can reasonably and effectively assess the risk of regional land subsidence,and reasonably identify the risk level of the important infrastructure. The settlement risk level within 500 m along the metro system indicates that the metro system in the north of the central city and close to the Huangpu River areas have higher settlement risk than other areas. It is recommended to take monitoring and prevention measures for the metro system in this area.
引文
[1] 高建平,王舸.轨道交通枢纽灾害风险等级评估方法研究.中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(9):55-60.(Gao J P,Wang G.Study on evaluation method of disaster risk level for rail transit junction.Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2014,10(9):55-60.)
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[3] 于军,束龙仓,温忠辉等.锡西-澄南典型地面沉降区地面沉降风险评价.地质学刊,2012,36(1):74-79.(Yu J,Shu L C,Wen Z H,et al.Risk evaluation of ground subsidence in typical ground subsidence zones of western Wuxi and southern Jiangyin areas.Journal of Geology,2012,36(1):74-79.)
[4] Lyu H M,Sun W J,Shen S L,et al.Flood risk assessment in metro systems of mega-cities using a GIS-based modeling approach.Science of the Total Environment,2018,626:1012-1025.
[5] Sato H P,Abe K,Ootaki O.GPS-measured land subsidence in Ojiya City,Niigata Prefecture,Japan.Engineering Geology,2003,67(3-4):379-90.
[6] 刘冀,王本德.基于组合权重的模糊可变模型及在防洪风险评价中应用.大连理工大学学报,2009,49(2):272-275.(Liu Y,Wang B D.Variable fuzzy model based on combined weights and its application to risk assessment for flood control engineering.Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(2):272-275.)
[7] Lyu H M,Shen S L,Arulrajah A.Assessment of geohazards and preventative countermeasures using AHP incorporated with GIS in Lanzhou,China.Sustainability,2018,10(2):304.
[8] Xu Y S,Yuan Y,Shen S L,et al.Investigation into subsidence hazards due to groundwater pumping from Aquifer II in Changzhou,China.Natural Hazards,2015,78(1):281-96.
[9] Chai J C,Shen S L,Zhu H H,et al.Land subsidence due to groundwater drawdown in Shanghai.Geotechnique,2004,56(2):143-147.
[10] DOS Santos S M,da Silva Pereira Cabral J J,da Silva Pontes Filho I D.Monitoring of soil subsidence in urban and coastal areas due to groundwater overexploitation using GPS.Natural Hazards,2012,64(1):421-39.
[11] 张云,薛禹群.抽水地面沉降数学模型的研究现状与展望.中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(2):1-6,24.(Zhang Y,Xue Y Q.Present sitution and prospect on the mathematical model of land subsidence due to pumping.The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2002,13(2):1-6,24.)
[12] 叶耀东,朱合华,王如路.软土地铁运营隧道病害现状及成因分析.地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(1):157-160,166.(Ye Y D,Zhu H H,Wang R L.Analysis on the current status of metro operating tunnel damage in soft ground and its causes.Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(1):157-160,166.)
[13] 吴怀娜,顾伟华,沈水龙.区域地面沉降对上海地铁隧道长期沉降的影响评估.上海国土资源,2017,38(2):9-12,25.(Wu H N,Gu W H,Shen S L.Evaluation of the influence of land subsidence on the long-term settlement of metro tunnels in Shanghai.Shanghai Land & Resources,2017,38(2):9-12,25.)
[14] Shen S L,Wu H N,Cui Y J,et al.Long-term settlement behaviour of metro tunnels in the soft deposits of Shanghai.Tunnelling and Under-ground Space Technology,2014,40:309-323.
[15] 葛大庆,张玲,王艳等.上海地铁10号线建设与运营过程中地面沉降效应的高分辨率InSAR监测及分析.上海国土资源,2014(4):62-67.(Ge D Q,Zhang L,Wang Y,et al.Monitoring subsidence on Shanghai Metro line 10 during construction and operation using high-resolution InSAR.Shanghai Land & Resources,2014(4):62-67.)
[16] Zou Q,Zhou J Z,Zhou C,et al.Comprehensive flood risk assessment based on set pair analysis-variable fuzzy sets model and fuzzy AHP.Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment,2013,27(2):525-546.
[17] Lyu H M,Shen S L,Zhou A N,et al.Perspectives for flood risk assessment and management for mega-city metro system.Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2019,84:31-44,doi:10.1016/j.tusf.2018.10.019.
[2] 王寒梅.上海市地面沉降风险评价体系及风险管理研究.博士学位论文.上海:上海大学,2013.(Wang H M.The risk assessment system and risk management of land subsidence in Shanghai.Ph.D.Dissertation.Shanghai:Shanghai University,2013.)
[3] 于军,束龙仓,温忠辉等.锡西-澄南典型地面沉降区地面沉降风险评价.地质学刊,2012,36(1):74-79.(Yu J,Shu L C,Wen Z H,et al.Risk evaluation of ground subsidence in typical ground subsidence zones of western Wuxi and southern Jiangyin areas.Journal of Geology,2012,36(1):74-79.)
[4] Lyu H M,Sun W J,Shen S L,et al.Flood risk assessment in metro systems of mega-cities using a GIS-based modeling approach.Science of the Total Environment,2018,626:1012-1025.
[5] Sato H P,Abe K,Ootaki O.GPS-measured land subsidence in Ojiya City,Niigata Prefecture,Japan.Engineering Geology,2003,67(3-4):379-90.
[6] 刘冀,王本德.基于组合权重的模糊可变模型及在防洪风险评价中应用.大连理工大学学报,2009,49(2):272-275.(Liu Y,Wang B D.Variable fuzzy model based on combined weights and its application to risk assessment for flood control engineering.Journal of Dalian University of Technology,2009,49(2):272-275.)
[7] Lyu H M,Shen S L,Arulrajah A.Assessment of geohazards and preventative countermeasures using AHP incorporated with GIS in Lanzhou,China.Sustainability,2018,10(2):304.
[8] Xu Y S,Yuan Y,Shen S L,et al.Investigation into subsidence hazards due to groundwater pumping from Aquifer II in Changzhou,China.Natural Hazards,2015,78(1):281-96.
[9] Chai J C,Shen S L,Zhu H H,et al.Land subsidence due to groundwater drawdown in Shanghai.Geotechnique,2004,56(2):143-147.
[10] DOS Santos S M,da Silva Pereira Cabral J J,da Silva Pontes Filho I D.Monitoring of soil subsidence in urban and coastal areas due to groundwater overexploitation using GPS.Natural Hazards,2012,64(1):421-39.
[11] 张云,薛禹群.抽水地面沉降数学模型的研究现状与展望.中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(2):1-6,24.(Zhang Y,Xue Y Q.Present sitution and prospect on the mathematical model of land subsidence due to pumping.The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2002,13(2):1-6,24.)
[12] 叶耀东,朱合华,王如路.软土地铁运营隧道病害现状及成因分析.地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(1):157-160,166.(Ye Y D,Zhu H H,Wang R L.Analysis on the current status of metro operating tunnel damage in soft ground and its causes.Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2007,3(1):157-160,166.)
[13] 吴怀娜,顾伟华,沈水龙.区域地面沉降对上海地铁隧道长期沉降的影响评估.上海国土资源,2017,38(2):9-12,25.(Wu H N,Gu W H,Shen S L.Evaluation of the influence of land subsidence on the long-term settlement of metro tunnels in Shanghai.Shanghai Land & Resources,2017,38(2):9-12,25.)
[14] Shen S L,Wu H N,Cui Y J,et al.Long-term settlement behaviour of metro tunnels in the soft deposits of Shanghai.Tunnelling and Under-ground Space Technology,2014,40:309-323.
[15] 葛大庆,张玲,王艳等.上海地铁10号线建设与运营过程中地面沉降效应的高分辨率InSAR监测及分析.上海国土资源,2014(4):62-67.(Ge D Q,Zhang L,Wang Y,et al.Monitoring subsidence on Shanghai Metro line 10 during construction and operation using high-resolution InSAR.Shanghai Land & Resources,2014(4):62-67.)
[16] Zou Q,Zhou J Z,Zhou C,et al.Comprehensive flood risk assessment based on set pair analysis-variable fuzzy sets model and fuzzy AHP.Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment,2013,27(2):525-546.
[17] Lyu H M,Shen S L,Zhou A N,et al.Perspectives for flood risk assessment and management for mega-city metro system.Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2019,84:31-44,doi:10.1016/j.tusf.2018.10.019.
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