一次伴随阵风锋的下击暴流天气分析
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摘要
利用湖北省区域站资料、Micaps常规观测资料和雷达资料,对2017年盛夏季节一次副高控制下的下击暴流事件进行分析,结果表明:①本次过程是一次典型的由脉冲风暴产生的大风天气,过程中出现明显的阵风锋;②受地形及局地热力条件共同作用,强回波向西南方向移动;③阵风锋形成初期与回波主体距离很近,强回波持续时间长,造成局地的强降水,强下沉气流和强降水导致了大范围的大风天气,此时大风主要分布在强回波移动方向的前沿附近;④后期阵风锋快速移动,远离回波主体,回波迅速减弱,强下沉气流向外流出导致地面出现大风,地面出现两条阵风锋,且两条阵风锋相遇,此时大风主要出现在两条阵风锋交汇处和雷暴冷出流最强处,对临近预报有一定的参考意义。
Using the AWS data of Hubei Province,conventional observation data and Doppler data,a downburst with gust fronts happened under the control of a subtropic high in the summer of 2017 is analyzed.The results indicate:(1)This downburst with a distinct gust front was caused by apulse thunderstorm.(2)The interaction of topography and local thermal condition made the strong echo move to the southwest.(3)The gust front was very close to the echo at the beginning,so the strong echo made the local heavy precipitation last for a long time,and the strong downward flow and heavy precipitation led to a wide range of gale that mainly distributed near the front of the moving direction of the strong echo.(4)In the later stage,the gust front moved faster than the echo,so the echo weakened rapidly and the strong downward flow caused the ground gale.Then two gust fronts appeared and met each other.At this time,the gale mainly appeared at the intersection of the two gust fronts and the place with the strongest cold outflow of the thunderstorm.The conclusions can provide a useful reference to nowcasting.
Using the AWS data of Hubei Province,conventional observation data and Doppler data,a downburst with gust fronts happened under the control of a subtropic high in the summer of 2017 is analyzed.The results indicate:(1)This downburst with a distinct gust front was caused by apulse thunderstorm.(2)The interaction of topography and local thermal condition made the strong echo move to the southwest.(3)The gust front was very close to the echo at the beginning,so the strong echo made the local heavy precipitation last for a long time,and the strong downward flow and heavy precipitation led to a wide range of gale that mainly distributed near the front of the moving direction of the strong echo.(4)In the later stage,the gust front moved faster than the echo,so the echo weakened rapidly and the strong downward flow caused the ground gale.Then two gust fronts appeared and met each other.At this time,the gale mainly appeared at the intersection of the two gust fronts and the place with the strongest cold outflow of the thunderstorm.The conclusions can provide a useful reference to nowcasting.
引文
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[21]李国翠,郭卫红,王丽荣,等.阵风锋在短时大风预报中的应用[J].气象,2006,32(8):36-41.
[22]俞小鼎,姚秀萍,熊廷南,等.多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006:120.
[2]张一平,牛淑贞,席世平,等.雷暴外流边界与郑州强对流天气[J].气象,2005,31(8):54-57.
[3]孙继松,陶祖钰.强对流天气分析与预报中的若干基本问题[J].气象,2012,38(2):164-173.
[4]郑媛媛,姚晨,郝莹,等.不同类型大尺度环流背景下强对流天气的短时临近预报预警研究[J].气象,2011,37(7):795-901.
[5]Droegemeier K K,Wilhelmson R B.Numerical simulation of thunderstorm outflow dynamics.Part 1:Outflow sensitivity experiments and turbulence dynamics[J].J Atmos Sci,1987,44(8):1180-1210.
[6]Mahoney W PⅢ.Gust front characteristics and the kinematics associated with interacting thunderstorm outflows[J].Mon Wea Rev,1988,116:1474-1491.
[7]May P T.Thermodynamic and vertical velocity structure of two gust fronts observed with a wind profiler/RASS during MCTEX[J].Mon Wea Rev,1999,127:1796-1807.
[8]黄旋旋,何彩芬,徐迪峰,等.5.6阵风锋过程形成机制探讨[J].气象,2008,34(7):20-26.
[9]Fujita T T,Byers H R.Spearhead echo and downbursts in the crash of an airliner[J].Mon Wea Rev,1977,105:129-146.
[10]俞小鼎,张爱民,郑媛媛,等.一次系列下击暴流事件的多普勒雷达分析[J].应用气象学报,2006,17(4):385-392.
[11]毕旭,罗慧,刘勇.陕西中部一次下击暴流的多普勒雷达回波特征[J].气象,2007,33(1):70-73.
[12]吴芳芳,王慧,韦莹莹,等.一次强雷暴阵风锋和下击暴流的多普勒雷达特征[J].2009,气象,35(1):55-64.
[13]孙凌峰,郭学良,孙立潭,等.武汉“6.22”空难下击暴流的三维数值模拟研究[J].大气科学,2003,27(6):1077-1092.
[14]刘洪恩.微下击暴流的特征及其数值模拟[J].气象学报,2001,59(2):183-195.
[15]陈淑琴,黄辉.浙东海岛两次强对流天气对比分析[J].气象科技,2007,35(3):383-386.
[16]杜牧云,肖艳娇,吴涛.多普勒天气雷达下击暴流图像识别[J].气象科技,2015,43(3):368-372.
[17]周长春,吴蓬萍,陈梁勋.成都一次脉冲风暴特征及成因分析[J].气象科技,2016,44(2):283-289.
[18]张涛,李柏,杨洪平,等.三次雷暴导致的阵风锋过程分析[J].气象,2013,39(10):1275-1283.
[19]姚叶青,俞小鼎,张义军,等.一次典型飑线过程多普勒天气雷达资料分析[J].高原气象,2008,27(2):373-381.
[20]袁子鹏,王瀛,崔胜权,等.一次中纬度飑线的阵风锋发展特征分析[J].气象,2011,37(7):814-820.
[21]李国翠,郭卫红,王丽荣,等.阵风锋在短时大风预报中的应用[J].气象,2006,32(8):36-41.
[22]俞小鼎,姚秀萍,熊廷南,等.多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006:120.