ZC在线科技有限公司治理结构诊断
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摘要
ZC在线科技有限公司是一家成立近一年的高新技术企业，公司拥有多位具有IT公司经营经验的管理人才和一流的IT技术人才。公司研发建设的“在线即开型彩票发行销售系统”具有国际先进水平。公司资金实力雄厚，市场前景广阔，还同时享受相关政策支持。但目前公司管理混乱，各种非技术原因致使各项工作进展艰难。究其原因，虽然有创业时期共有特征所致，但更重要的是公司特殊的治理结构所引起。
公司治理结构核心内容是在公司法人财产的委托—代理制下，对股东、董事、经营者以及公司员工等相关利益者之间的责、权、利关系加以规范和协调的一种制度安排。狭义的公司治理是指公司董事会的结构与功能，董事长与经营者的权利与义务，以及相应的聘选、激励与监督方面的制度安排等内容。广义的公司治理结构还包括公司的人力资源管理、激励约束机制、财务制度和一切与企业高层管理控制有关的一系列制度设计。
论文总结出ZC在线科技有限公司现有公司治理结构下较为典型的现状：国有控股下的出资人虚位和行政干预并存、小股东的权益得不到保障、治理结构不完善影响公司融资、内部人控制下的不正常关联交易以及特殊治理结构造成的管理问题等。同时论文结合有关公司治理结构理论进行剖析评述，并在此基础上提出具体的对策建议：调整和完善公司现有股权结构；依法和公司章程规范公司治理机制的运行；发挥监事作用和引入独立董事克服内部人控制；建立对经营者的激励和约束机制，让股东放心；提高董事、经营者的诚信，确保公司健康发展；公司治理结构应考虑相关者的利益。
论文创新点:公司治理结构的缺陷将导致一系列管理问题的出现。
论文意义:为公司经营管理人员提供借鉴和参考。
Corporate governance is the most important organization framework of modern corporate system and a system for managing & controlling corporations. It has not only provided for responsibilities and functions and powers of participants in a corporation, such as board of directors, management, shareholders and other parties of interest, but also clarified the rules and procedures in policy decision-making. The core of corporate governance is the agency relationship. The objective of corporate governance is to lower agency cost so that owners do not interfere in the routine operations of a corporation and ensure that the management severs the purpose of maximize the interests of shareholders and the corporation as a whole.
ZC Online Co., Ltd is a high-technology company founded one year ago. It has the excellent managers and technologists who have rich experience in their work. The system of "Instant Lottery Online" is an advanced project in the world. The company has three owners. Though they have rich capital and experience in IT industry, they cannot operate the company very well. There are some typical phenomena of the corporate governance in the company.
Chapter one makes detailed write up on these phenomena.
Chapter two systematically establishes a theoretical frame of the corporate governance in order to achieve a clear guidance and comment of the situations of the corporate governance in the corporation.
Chapter three analyzes the basic situation of the governance of the company. The nature of state ownership of a state relatively controlled is the cause of higher waste and lower efficiency. The absence of ownership of state owned also lead the same result. In the meanwhile, the state equity control is not clear, so it leads to the serious phenomena of internal control.
Chapter four makes suggestions on improving the corporate governance of ZC on Line co., Ltd. The form should establish and amend the functionalized and specialized board in the corporate so that it can get better governance performances, enhance the function of the supervisors and introduce into independent director to monitor the boards and the executives. The owners, the board of directors and the executives should strictly obey "the Corporate Law of People's Republic of China" and the corporate constitution. The company should pay more attention on the interest of other relative person of the company and so on.
In fact, the so-called modern corporation governance does not refer to any specific form of corporate governance structure. The effective corporate governance system is specific to each different enterprises, which depends on the phase of the enterprise, the capital structure, the nature and ability of the owners, also the technology, the corporate cultural background, and so on. Therefore, ZC online co., Ltd. should search for a specific type of modem corporate governance systems by institutional and organizational innovations.
The new point of this thesis is that the corporate governance will also affect the ordinal corporate management and operation, then to performances.
公司治理结构核心内容是在公司法人财产的委托—代理制下，对股东、董事、经营者以及公司员工等相关利益者之间的责、权、利关系加以规范和协调的一种制度安排。狭义的公司治理是指公司董事会的结构与功能，董事长与经营者的权利与义务，以及相应的聘选、激励与监督方面的制度安排等内容。广义的公司治理结构还包括公司的人力资源管理、激励约束机制、财务制度和一切与企业高层管理控制有关的一系列制度设计。
论文总结出ZC在线科技有限公司现有公司治理结构下较为典型的现状：国有控股下的出资人虚位和行政干预并存、小股东的权益得不到保障、治理结构不完善影响公司融资、内部人控制下的不正常关联交易以及特殊治理结构造成的管理问题等。同时论文结合有关公司治理结构理论进行剖析评述，并在此基础上提出具体的对策建议：调整和完善公司现有股权结构；依法和公司章程规范公司治理机制的运行；发挥监事作用和引入独立董事克服内部人控制；建立对经营者的激励和约束机制，让股东放心；提高董事、经营者的诚信，确保公司健康发展；公司治理结构应考虑相关者的利益。
论文创新点:公司治理结构的缺陷将导致一系列管理问题的出现。
论文意义:为公司经营管理人员提供借鉴和参考。
Corporate governance is the most important organization framework of modern corporate system and a system for managing & controlling corporations. It has not only provided for responsibilities and functions and powers of participants in a corporation, such as board of directors, management, shareholders and other parties of interest, but also clarified the rules and procedures in policy decision-making. The core of corporate governance is the agency relationship. The objective of corporate governance is to lower agency cost so that owners do not interfere in the routine operations of a corporation and ensure that the management severs the purpose of maximize the interests of shareholders and the corporation as a whole.
ZC Online Co., Ltd is a high-technology company founded one year ago. It has the excellent managers and technologists who have rich experience in their work. The system of "Instant Lottery Online" is an advanced project in the world. The company has three owners. Though they have rich capital and experience in IT industry, they cannot operate the company very well. There are some typical phenomena of the corporate governance in the company.
Chapter one makes detailed write up on these phenomena.
Chapter two systematically establishes a theoretical frame of the corporate governance in order to achieve a clear guidance and comment of the situations of the corporate governance in the corporation.
Chapter three analyzes the basic situation of the governance of the company. The nature of state ownership of a state relatively controlled is the cause of higher waste and lower efficiency. The absence of ownership of state owned also lead the same result. In the meanwhile, the state equity control is not clear, so it leads to the serious phenomena of internal control.
Chapter four makes suggestions on improving the corporate governance of ZC on Line co., Ltd. The form should establish and amend the functionalized and specialized board in the corporate so that it can get better governance performances, enhance the function of the supervisors and introduce into independent director to monitor the boards and the executives. The owners, the board of directors and the executives should strictly obey "the Corporate Law of People's Republic of China" and the corporate constitution. The company should pay more attention on the interest of other relative person of the company and so on.
In fact, the so-called modern corporation governance does not refer to any specific form of corporate governance structure. The effective corporate governance system is specific to each different enterprises, which depends on the phase of the enterprise, the capital structure, the nature and ability of the owners, also the technology, the corporate cultural background, and so on. Therefore, ZC online co., Ltd. should search for a specific type of modem corporate governance systems by institutional and organizational innovations.
The new point of this thesis is that the corporate governance will also affect the ordinal corporate management and operation, then to performances.
引文
1．李维安、武立东：《公司治理教程》，上海人民出版社，2002年4月版。
2．孙永祥：《公司治理结构：理论与实证研究》，上海人民出版社，2002年10月版。
3．李亚主编：《民营企业公司治理》，中国方正出版社，2003年1月版。
4．吴冬梅：《公司治理结构运行与模式》，经济管理出版社，2001年6月版。
5．李健：《公司治理论》，经济科学出版社，1999年9月版。
6．魏杰：《企业制度安排：企业存亡诊断书》，中国发展出版社，2002年4月版。
7．费方域：《企业的产权分析》，上海三联书店、上海人民出版社，1998年版。
8．雷家骗、冯婉玲：《高新技术创业管理》，机械工业出版社，2001年5月版。
9．张冀湘、汪异明、王保喜：《国有控股公司理论与实践》，经济科学出版社，2000年1月版。
10．奥利弗·哈特：《公司治理：理论与启示》，《经济学动态》，1996年第6期。
11．朱炎主编：《创业管理》，经济科学出版社，2000年第6期。
12．张运和主编：《中国特色的董事会》，商界杂志社，重庆出版社，2002年第9期。
13．鲁桐：《公司治理结构的国际发展趋势》，《人民日报》2001年10月12日第七版。
14．《借鉴德日：建设合理的治理结构》，中证网2002—7—1。
2．孙永祥：《公司治理结构：理论与实证研究》，上海人民出版社，2002年10月版。
3．李亚主编：《民营企业公司治理》，中国方正出版社，2003年1月版。
4．吴冬梅：《公司治理结构运行与模式》，经济管理出版社，2001年6月版。
5．李健：《公司治理论》，经济科学出版社，1999年9月版。
6．魏杰：《企业制度安排：企业存亡诊断书》，中国发展出版社，2002年4月版。
7．费方域：《企业的产权分析》，上海三联书店、上海人民出版社，1998年版。
8．雷家骗、冯婉玲：《高新技术创业管理》，机械工业出版社，2001年5月版。
9．张冀湘、汪异明、王保喜：《国有控股公司理论与实践》，经济科学出版社，2000年1月版。
10．奥利弗·哈特：《公司治理：理论与启示》，《经济学动态》，1996年第6期。
11．朱炎主编：《创业管理》，经济科学出版社，2000年第6期。
12．张运和主编：《中国特色的董事会》，商界杂志社，重庆出版社，2002年第9期。
13．鲁桐：《公司治理结构的国际发展趋势》，《人民日报》2001年10月12日第七版。
14．《借鉴德日：建设合理的治理结构》，中证网2002—7—1。