UV-B辐射增强对灯盏花生长发育及药用有效成分产量的影响
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摘要
以灯盏花为试验材料,采用田间模拟增强UV-B辐射的处理方法,研究了UV-B辐射对灯盏花的生长、形态和生理及药用有效成分产量的影响。采用了0 kJ·m-2(CK)、2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2 4个UV-B辐射强度对灯盏花进行处理,从移栽成活到收获,另一试验采用5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射在灯盏花不同生育时期(旺长期、花期)进行辐射,研究灯盏花生长发育、生理生化及药用有效成分产量的变化情况。
1.2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射处理影响灯盏花形态特征株高、基叶数、最大基叶长、宽、单株分枝数。除单株分枝数外,其它各项指标随辐射强度增强而受到一定的抑制,所受抑制程度与UV-B辐射强度成正相关。T1(前30天,旺长期辐射)、T2(后30天,花期辐射)、T3(全60天,旺长期和花期均辐射)处理的株高、基叶数、最大基叶长、最大基叶宽均有所降低,其中花期对灯盏花进行辐射,各项指标受到的抑制较小。
2.UV-B辐射增强(2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2)使灯盏花叶绿素含量降低,MDA含量、类黄酮含量升高,细胞膜透性增大。同样,不同时期对灯盏花进行UV-B辐射增强,T1、T2和T3处理中,花期辐射各项生理指标(叶绿素含量降低,MDA含量、类黄酮含量升高,细胞膜透性增大)所受的伤害最小,全60天、旺长期和花期均辐射时所受伤害最大。
3.灯盏花生物量、药用有效成分(总黄酮、灯盏乙素、咖啡酸酯)含量受UV-B辐射影响也较为明显。2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B辐射下,灯盏花旺长期(叶、根)、花期(根、叶、茎)、结实期(根、叶、茎)的生物量均随辐射强度增强而降低,而在2.5和5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射下,花的生物量却提高。不同时期UV-B辐射条件下,花期辐射(T2)生物量降低的幅度小于旺长期辐射(T1)小于两个时期均辐射(T3)。UV-B辐射增强诱导灯盏花有效成分的形成与积累,药用有效成分含量随UV-B辐射增强而增强。不同时期辐射对灯盏花有效成分的诱导效果不同,其中花期诱导效果最佳。
4.不同剂量UV-B辐射条件下,灯盏花旺长期总黄酮产量为5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>2.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>7.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>CK;花期、结实期总黄酮总产量均为5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>CK>2.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>7.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射。同样,不同时期UV-B辐射条件下,花期UV-B辐射增强使灯盏花药用有效成分(总黄酮、灯盏乙素、咖啡酸酯)总产量升高。灯盏乙素产量为T2>T1>T3>CK,总黄酮产量为T2> CK >T1> T3,咖啡酸酯产量为T2>T1>CK>T3。
Effect of the enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-310 nm) radiation on growth, morphology , physiology and medicinal active ingredient yield of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant . )Hand.-Mazz was researched under field condition . E. breviscapus was treated by levels(2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·m-2) UV-B radiation from transplanted survive to harvest, in another experiment, E.breviscapus was radiated by 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B in growth stage and flowering stage, then, growth, morphology, physiology and medicinal active ingredient yield were tested.
1. Three levels(2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·m-2) of UV-B radiation affected plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width of bascal part , branch numbers. Except branch numbers, other indicators were inhibited by UV-B , inhibited degree had remarkable positive correlation with UV-B radiation intensity. Plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width of bascal part with 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B at T1( previous 30 days, growth stage), T2 (latter 30 days, flowering stage), T3 (entire 60 days, growth stage, flowering stage) reduced . At flowering stage, E.breviscapus was smaller than other stage .
2. Enhanced UV-B resulted in decreases in chlorphyll contents and increases in MDA content , flavonoid content and membrane permeability of E.breviscapus increased . E.breviscapus was radiated by 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B at different stages, changes in chlorphyll contents , MDA content , flavonoid content and membrane permeability permility at T2 were smaller , and that T3 were larger .
3. Enhanced UV-B radiation affected biomass and medicinal active ingredient content (total flavonoid , caffeate and scutellarin)of E.breviscapus effected obviously. Different radiation levels (2.5, 5.0and 7.5 kJ·m-2) resulted in decreases in biomass(in leaf and root at growth stage; root, leaf and stem at flowering stage and root, leaf and stem at harvest stage) of E. breviscapus, while UV-B radiation levels of 2.5 and 5.0 increased flower biomass of E. breviscapus.Decreases in biomass of E. breviscapus was T2 4. Different levels of UV-B radiation, total flavonoid yield of E.breviscapus size relations was 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B radiation >2.5K kJ·m-2 UV-B radiation >7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B radiation > CK at growth stage. Total flavonoid yield of E. breviscapus was 5.0 KJ/m2 UV-B radiation > CK >2.5 UV-B radiation > 7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B radiation at flowering stage and harvest stage. Flowering stage UV-B radiation at flowering stage(T2), medicinal active ingredient yield of E. breviscapus increased .Caffeate yield of E. breviscapus was T2>T1>T3>CK, total flavonoid yield of E. breviscapus was T2> CK >T1> T3,scutellarin yield of E. breviscapus was T2>T1>CK>T3.
1.2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射处理影响灯盏花形态特征株高、基叶数、最大基叶长、宽、单株分枝数。除单株分枝数外,其它各项指标随辐射强度增强而受到一定的抑制,所受抑制程度与UV-B辐射强度成正相关。T1(前30天,旺长期辐射)、T2(后30天,花期辐射)、T3(全60天,旺长期和花期均辐射)处理的株高、基叶数、最大基叶长、最大基叶宽均有所降低,其中花期对灯盏花进行辐射,各项指标受到的抑制较小。
2.UV-B辐射增强(2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2)使灯盏花叶绿素含量降低,MDA含量、类黄酮含量升高,细胞膜透性增大。同样,不同时期对灯盏花进行UV-B辐射增强,T1、T2和T3处理中,花期辐射各项生理指标(叶绿素含量降低,MDA含量、类黄酮含量升高,细胞膜透性增大)所受的伤害最小,全60天、旺长期和花期均辐射时所受伤害最大。
3.灯盏花生物量、药用有效成分(总黄酮、灯盏乙素、咖啡酸酯)含量受UV-B辐射影响也较为明显。2.5、5.0和7.5 kJ·m-2 UV-B辐射下,灯盏花旺长期(叶、根)、花期(根、叶、茎)、结实期(根、叶、茎)的生物量均随辐射强度增强而降低,而在2.5和5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射下,花的生物量却提高。不同时期UV-B辐射条件下,花期辐射(T2)生物量降低的幅度小于旺长期辐射(T1)小于两个时期均辐射(T3)。UV-B辐射增强诱导灯盏花有效成分的形成与积累,药用有效成分含量随UV-B辐射增强而增强。不同时期辐射对灯盏花有效成分的诱导效果不同,其中花期诱导效果最佳。
4.不同剂量UV-B辐射条件下,灯盏花旺长期总黄酮产量为5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>2.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>7.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>CK;花期、结实期总黄酮总产量均为5.0 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>CK>2.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射>7.5 kJ·m-2UV-B辐射。同样,不同时期UV-B辐射条件下,花期UV-B辐射增强使灯盏花药用有效成分(总黄酮、灯盏乙素、咖啡酸酯)总产量升高。灯盏乙素产量为T2>T1>T3>CK,总黄酮产量为T2> CK >T1> T3,咖啡酸酯产量为T2>T1>CK>T3。
Effect of the enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-310 nm) radiation on growth, morphology , physiology and medicinal active ingredient yield of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant . )Hand.-Mazz was researched under field condition . E. breviscapus was treated by levels(2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·m-2) UV-B radiation from transplanted survive to harvest, in another experiment, E.breviscapus was radiated by 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B in growth stage and flowering stage, then, growth, morphology, physiology and medicinal active ingredient yield were tested.
1. Three levels(2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kJ·m-2) of UV-B radiation affected plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width of bascal part , branch numbers. Except branch numbers, other indicators were inhibited by UV-B , inhibited degree had remarkable positive correlation with UV-B radiation intensity. Plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width of bascal part with 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B at T1( previous 30 days, growth stage), T2 (latter 30 days, flowering stage), T3 (entire 60 days, growth stage, flowering stage) reduced . At flowering stage, E.breviscapus was smaller than other stage .
2. Enhanced UV-B resulted in decreases in chlorphyll contents and increases in MDA content , flavonoid content and membrane permeability of E.breviscapus increased . E.breviscapus was radiated by 5.0 kJ·m-2 UV-B at different stages, changes in chlorphyll contents , MDA content , flavonoid content and membrane permeability permility at T2 were smaller , and that T3 were larger .
3. Enhanced UV-B radiation affected biomass and medicinal active ingredient content (total flavonoid , caffeate and scutellarin)of E.breviscapus effected obviously. Different radiation levels (2.5, 5.0and 7.5 kJ·m-2) resulted in decreases in biomass(in leaf and root at growth stage; root, leaf and stem at flowering stage and root, leaf and stem at harvest stage) of E. breviscapus, while UV-B radiation levels of 2.5 and 5.0 increased flower biomass of E. breviscapus.Decreases in biomass of E. breviscapus was T2
引文
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