水下非接触爆炸下船舶损伤模式研究
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摘要
随着科学技术的发展,高爆、非接触水下爆炸对船舶设备造成的冲击振动损伤越来越大,对船舶及其设备在水下非接触爆炸下的振动响应进行分析有助于深入研究船舶设备的在受到爆炸影响下的损伤模式,为船舶的前期设计、使用维护、性能评估提供良好的数据支撑。
本文从水下非接触爆炸下船舶设备的冲击振动产生过程——从炸药水下爆炸的物理化学反应,到其产生的冲击通过流固耦合传递到船体并引起船舶设备振动的三个重要环节着手,对船舶受到水下爆炸影响时所涉及的有关问题进行了关键理论的分析与研究。研究了船舶设备受冲击振动的理论计算方法体系,在应用CJ爆轰理论和JWL状态方程对炸药的水下爆炸过程及其效应描述的基础上,分析了ALE流固耦合算法在对水下爆炸产生的冲击波效应和气泡脉动效应施加到船体应用中的有关问题。研究了不同的隔振装置模型,考虑将水下爆炸所导致的传递到具体设备的振动通过加速度来表征,基于设备的加速度响应对设备的损伤阈值进行界定,建立了基于概率的设备损伤度评判准则,同时引入基于损伤概率的损伤模式划分,完成了整个基于水下非接触爆炸下船舶损伤模式的分析。将损伤树分析理论引入船舶损伤模式分析,通过对船舶损伤概率的整体分析,对一定工况下设备损伤对船舶安全的重要度进行了评估。综合应用计算机仿真与虚拟现实有关理论,编程实现了基于损伤树的船舶在水下非接触爆炸下的损伤模式系统软件开发,增强了对一定工况下船舶及其设备损伤度及损伤模式查看和分析的真实感和沉浸感。
With the development of science and technology, The Impact damage and Vibration injury of ship equipment is increasing by high-explosive and non-contact underwater explosion. Analysis ship and its equipment response on shock and vibration under the non-contact underwater explosion, helping to study of the damage mode ship equipment under explosion, and providing a good support to preliminary design for the ship, maintenance and performance evaluation.
The paper make critical theoretical analysis and research to the shock and vibration generating process of ship and its equipment under the non-contact underwater explosion: from the chemical physics of underwater explosions to the impact of shock passed to the hull through FSI and causing the vibration of ship equipment. The paper study the impact of ship equipment vibration by the theoretical calculation methodology, based on the describing process of underwater explosion with the CJ explosives detonation and JWL equation of state, analysis some questions about ALE fluid-structure interaction algorithm applied to the ship using shock wave and bubble pulse effects which produced by underwater explosion. Research different modes of vibration isolation,consider the vibration caused by underwater explosion is passed to the specific equipment characterized by acceleration,define the damage threshold of equipment based on the acceleration response of ship equipment and establish the probability-based damage degree evaluation criteria, and introduce damage mode based on the damage probability, completed the analysis of ship damage mode under non-contact underwater explosion. Introduce the Methods of damage-tree-analysis to the ship damage mode analysis, though analyzed the probability of ship damage overall, the paper assess an important degree of specific equipment damage to ship safety under certain conditions. Comprehensive application of computer simulation and the theory of virtual reality, the paper program the damage mode assessment system software development based on the damage tree analysis about the ship under underwater non-contact explosion,enhance the sense of realism and immersion on viewing and analysing the ship equipment damage degree and damage mode under certain conditions.
本文从水下非接触爆炸下船舶设备的冲击振动产生过程——从炸药水下爆炸的物理化学反应,到其产生的冲击通过流固耦合传递到船体并引起船舶设备振动的三个重要环节着手,对船舶受到水下爆炸影响时所涉及的有关问题进行了关键理论的分析与研究。研究了船舶设备受冲击振动的理论计算方法体系,在应用CJ爆轰理论和JWL状态方程对炸药的水下爆炸过程及其效应描述的基础上,分析了ALE流固耦合算法在对水下爆炸产生的冲击波效应和气泡脉动效应施加到船体应用中的有关问题。研究了不同的隔振装置模型,考虑将水下爆炸所导致的传递到具体设备的振动通过加速度来表征,基于设备的加速度响应对设备的损伤阈值进行界定,建立了基于概率的设备损伤度评判准则,同时引入基于损伤概率的损伤模式划分,完成了整个基于水下非接触爆炸下船舶损伤模式的分析。将损伤树分析理论引入船舶损伤模式分析,通过对船舶损伤概率的整体分析,对一定工况下设备损伤对船舶安全的重要度进行了评估。综合应用计算机仿真与虚拟现实有关理论,编程实现了基于损伤树的船舶在水下非接触爆炸下的损伤模式系统软件开发,增强了对一定工况下船舶及其设备损伤度及损伤模式查看和分析的真实感和沉浸感。
With the development of science and technology, The Impact damage and Vibration injury of ship equipment is increasing by high-explosive and non-contact underwater explosion. Analysis ship and its equipment response on shock and vibration under the non-contact underwater explosion, helping to study of the damage mode ship equipment under explosion, and providing a good support to preliminary design for the ship, maintenance and performance evaluation.
The paper make critical theoretical analysis and research to the shock and vibration generating process of ship and its equipment under the non-contact underwater explosion: from the chemical physics of underwater explosions to the impact of shock passed to the hull through FSI and causing the vibration of ship equipment. The paper study the impact of ship equipment vibration by the theoretical calculation methodology, based on the describing process of underwater explosion with the CJ explosives detonation and JWL equation of state, analysis some questions about ALE fluid-structure interaction algorithm applied to the ship using shock wave and bubble pulse effects which produced by underwater explosion. Research different modes of vibration isolation,consider the vibration caused by underwater explosion is passed to the specific equipment characterized by acceleration,define the damage threshold of equipment based on the acceleration response of ship equipment and establish the probability-based damage degree evaluation criteria, and introduce damage mode based on the damage probability, completed the analysis of ship damage mode under non-contact underwater explosion. Introduce the Methods of damage-tree-analysis to the ship damage mode analysis, though analyzed the probability of ship damage overall, the paper assess an important degree of specific equipment damage to ship safety under certain conditions. Comprehensive application of computer simulation and the theory of virtual reality, the paper program the damage mode assessment system software development based on the damage tree analysis about the ship under underwater non-contact explosion,enhance the sense of realism and immersion on viewing and analysing the ship equipment damage degree and damage mode under certain conditions.
引文
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[3]郭镇明,唐嘉亨,丛望.非接触爆炸下船舶电力系统生命力的研究方法.船舶工程,1996,2:31-35.
[4]库尔.水下爆炸.罗耀杰等译.北京:国防工业出版社,1960.
[5] Costanzo F A,Gordon J. A Solution to Axisymmetric Bulk Cavitation Problem. The Shock and Vibration Bulletin,1983, 53:33-51.
[6] LeMehaute B,Wang S. Water Waves Generated by Underwater Explosions. 1994,AD-A304 244.
[7] Chisum J E,Shin Y S. Multimaterial Eulerian and Coupled Lagrangian-Eulerian Finite Element Analysis of Underwater Shock Problems. 1995,AD-A298 206.
[8] Keil A H.Introduction to Underwater Explosion Research.UERD Norfolk Naval Ship Yard,Portsmouth,Virginia,1956.
[9] Keil A H.The Response of Ships to Underwater Explosion.SNAME,1961,69:366-410.
[10]赵本立等.汾河号水雷爆炸试验报告. 702所技术报告,1980.
[11] Huang H. Transient interaction of Plane Acoustic Waves with a Spherical Elastic Shell. Journal of Acoust.Soe.Am. 1969,45: 661-670.
[12] Huang H,An Exact Analysis of the Transient interaction of Acoustic Plane waves with a Cylindrical Elastic Shell. Journal of Applied Mechanics,1970, 37:1091-1099.
[13] Fox P K. The Dynamic Response of Cylindrical Shells Subjected to Underwater Explosions. USA :Ms. Thesis of Naval Post Graduate School,1992.
[14] R W McCoy,C T Sun. Fluid–structure interaction analysis of a thick-section composite cylinder subjected to underwater blast loading. Composite Structures,1997,37(1):45-55.
[15] Michael A Sprague,Thomas L Geers. A spectral-element finite-element analysis of aship-like structure subjected to an underwater explosion. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics Engineering,2006,195:2149–2167.
[16]姚熊亮,王玉红等.圆筒结构水下爆炸数值实验研究.哈尔滨工程大学学报,2002,23(1):5-8,36.
[17]姚熊亮,侯健,王玉红等.水下爆炸冲击载荷作用时船舶冲击环境仿真.中国造船,2003,44(1):71-74.
[18]刘土光,张涛,岳建军.水下爆炸冲击载荷作用下加筋复合材料浸潜壳体结构的动力响应.船舶科学技术,2005,27(6):26-29.
[19]梅志远,朱锡,刘润泉.船用加筋板爆炸载荷下动态响应数值分析.爆炸与冲击,2004,24(1):80-84.
[20]陈永念,尹群,胡海岩.水中爆炸冲击载荷作用下船舶结构动态响应的数值模拟.爆炸与冲击,2004,24(3):201-206.
[21] C T Dyka,R P Ingel. A new approach to dynamic condensation for FEM. Computers and Structures,1996,64(4):763-773.
[22] Y W Kwon,R E Cunningham. Comparison of USA-DYNA finite element models for a stiffened shell subject to underwater shock. Computers and Structures,1998,66(1):127-144.
[23]汪俊,刘建湖,李玉节.加筋圆柱壳水下爆炸动响应数值模拟.船舶力学,2006,10(2):126-137.
[24] K Y Lam,Z J Zhang,S W Gong. The transient response of submerged orthotropic cylindrical shells exposed to underwater shock. Composite Structures,1998,42:179-193.
[25] S C FAN,M H LUAH. Free vibration analysis of arbitrary thin shell structures by using spline finite element. Journal of Sound and Vibration,1995,179(5):763–776.
[26] Michael A Sprague,Thomas L Geers. Spectral elements and field separation for an acoustic fluid subject to cavitation. Journal of Computational Physics, 2003,184:149–162.
[27] Wen-Hao Lai. Transient dynamic response of submerged sphere shell with an openingsubjected to underwater explosion. Ocean Engineering,2007, 34:653–664.
[28]于林英,李世芸,蔡青等.水下爆炸冲击波作用下潜艇壳体动态响应的数值模拟.现代机械,2006,5:87-90.
[29] K Ramajeyathilagam,C P Vendhan,V Bhujanga Rao. Non-linear transient dynamic response of rectangular plates under shock loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering,2000, 24:999-1015.
[30] Nathan A,Schneider.Prediction of Surface Ship Response to Severe Underwater Explosions Using a Virtual Underwater Shock Environment.Naval Postgraduate School,2003.
[31] Y S Shin. Ship Shock Modeling and Simulation for Far-field Underwater Explosion. Computers and Structures,2004,82:2211-2219.
[32] C F Huang. Dynamic Response of Cylindrical Shell Structures Subjected to Underwater Explosion. Ocean Engineering,2009,36:564-577.
[33]翁长俭.我国船舶振动冲击与噪声研究近年进展.中国造船,2001,42(3):68-84.
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