便携式数字超声波轨道车探伤仪
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摘要
超声检测是一种重要的广泛应用于科学、工程和医学的无损检测方法。作为一种重要的无损检测方法,它能在不损坏工件的情况对其进行检测。由于其具有操作简单、可靠性高等特点,在材料和产品的检测中得到了广泛的应用。随着数字技术的不断发展,数字式超探仪展现出模拟探测仪无法比拟的优势:技术性能不断提高,功能不断增加,自动化程度越来越高。目前铁路机车轮轴探伤大都使用超声检测,而国内的数字探伤仪普遍存在数据采集频率低、信号处理能力差、数据管理功能不完善等弊端。目前国内还没有专门的轨道车探伤仪,本课题针对铁路探伤需求设计实现了高效准确的基于PC机、FPGA和USB的数字超声波轨道车探伤仪,不但体积小巧而且功能强大,集成了轨道车专用探伤仪和通用探伤仪两大功能。
论文首先简要介绍了课题背景、超声理论和超声检测的基本原理,然后阐述了数字超声探伤仪的应用软件的开发,部分FPGA程序优化以及部分模拟电路调试。软件采用Visual C++6.0开发,在实现了实时探伤波型显示、DAC曲线制作等探伤工艺功能的基础上,还扩展了数据管理、报表打印、电影回放等功能,提高了超声探伤的准确性、快捷性和方便性。通过网络通信,实现了探ftp文件传输。
最后对程序进行了优化与测试,确保软件运行的正确性、提高了软件靠性和持久性。对系统进行了联调,确保系统正确运行。
Ultrasonic inspection is an important non-destructive testing method widely used in science, engineering and medicine. As an important testing method, it can test a workpiece without destructing it. Ultrasonic testing has been widely used in the testing of material and products for its simple operation and high reliability. With the development of the technology, digital ultrasonic flaw detector have more advantages . Nowadays Ultrasonic inspection is also widely used in the detection of axle, However devices in our country have lots of disadvantages such as low sampling rate of data acquisition and incompetence in signal processing.At present, china has not digital ultrosnic flaw detector for velchile, In this paper we introduce a PC, PFGA and USB based ultrasonic velchile flaw detector designed for high quality and high ccuracy, integrated velchile flaw detector and common flaw detector.
This paper first introduces some Ultrasonic theory and the basic principles of Ultrasonic Flaw Detection. Then we describe the steps to design the software on the foundation of Visual C++ 6.0, some FPGA program optimization and anolog circuit debugging. We design the software in the Visual C++ 6.0 environment, and realize functions of ultrasonic detection device, such as, display the scanning wave, alarm when detecting flaw, manage DAC lines, manage data sets, print formatted report and retrieve the previous wave as a cine, these improve the accuracy, speed and convenience of ultrosnic flaw detector. We realized ftp transprotion through internet.
Finally, some improvements have been made to make sure the instrument as perfect and effective as possible. We realized system debugging to ensure that the system is running correctly.
论文首先简要介绍了课题背景、超声理论和超声检测的基本原理,然后阐述了数字超声探伤仪的应用软件的开发,部分FPGA程序优化以及部分模拟电路调试。软件采用Visual C++6.0开发,在实现了实时探伤波型显示、DAC曲线制作等探伤工艺功能的基础上,还扩展了数据管理、报表打印、电影回放等功能,提高了超声探伤的准确性、快捷性和方便性。通过网络通信,实现了探ftp文件传输。
最后对程序进行了优化与测试,确保软件运行的正确性、提高了软件靠性和持久性。对系统进行了联调,确保系统正确运行。
Ultrasonic inspection is an important non-destructive testing method widely used in science, engineering and medicine. As an important testing method, it can test a workpiece without destructing it. Ultrasonic testing has been widely used in the testing of material and products for its simple operation and high reliability. With the development of the technology, digital ultrasonic flaw detector have more advantages . Nowadays Ultrasonic inspection is also widely used in the detection of axle, However devices in our country have lots of disadvantages such as low sampling rate of data acquisition and incompetence in signal processing.At present, china has not digital ultrosnic flaw detector for velchile, In this paper we introduce a PC, PFGA and USB based ultrasonic velchile flaw detector designed for high quality and high ccuracy, integrated velchile flaw detector and common flaw detector.
This paper first introduces some Ultrasonic theory and the basic principles of Ultrasonic Flaw Detection. Then we describe the steps to design the software on the foundation of Visual C++ 6.0, some FPGA program optimization and anolog circuit debugging. We design the software in the Visual C++ 6.0 environment, and realize functions of ultrasonic detection device, such as, display the scanning wave, alarm when detecting flaw, manage DAC lines, manage data sets, print formatted report and retrieve the previous wave as a cine, these improve the accuracy, speed and convenience of ultrosnic flaw detector. We realized ftp transprotion through internet.
Finally, some improvements have been made to make sure the instrument as perfect and effective as possible. We realized system debugging to ensure that the system is running correctly.
引文
1 Guangde Song, Xianglin Zhan, Hui Zhang. An Intelligent Instrument for Ultrasonic Nondestructive Examination Flaw Inspection of Rails. Proceedings of the 5’th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, 2004,(6):3632~3635
2史亦伟.超声检测.机械工业出版社,2005:1~2
3张俊哲.无损检测技术及其应用.科学出版社,1993:55~59
4 Taghizadeh, M.T. Effect of molecular weight on the ultrasonic degradation of poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone). Ultrasonics Sonochemistry.2009:280-286
5 D. A. Cook,Y. H. Berthelot. Detection of Small Surface-Breaking Fatigue Cracks in Steel Using Scattering of Rayleigh Waves. NDT&E International. 2001, 43(11):751~753
6 G A Georgiou, T B Wooldriqe. The Basic Principles, Capabilities and Limitations of Ultrasonic NDT, Part2. Basic Principles of Ultrasonic NDT Insight. 2000,42(11):708~714
7 Hill, R. Non-destructive Evaluation. A Tool in Design, Manufacturing and Service.NDT&E International. 1997,30(6):397~398
8 J.L罗斯.《固体中的超声波》.科学出版社,2004 :270-287
9 KM.Abd El-Ghany, M.M.Farag.AutoNDT:New Software for Remote Ultrasonic Scanning Via Internet.NDT&E International.2002:1-8
10 Blitz, Jack.Ultrasonics methods and applicationsLondon.Butterworths,1971.
11 Guildford.Ultrasonics Guildford: Butterworth Scientific Ltd, 1963
12张秀峰.新型双核结构全数字超声探伤仪.清华大学硕士论文. 2002,(10):1~2
13 Rizzo.Piervincenzo. Digital signal processing for rail monitoring by means of ultrasonic guided waves. Insight: Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring,2007:327-332
14沈明珠,陈昌华.车轮超声波数字化探伤系统.无损检测. 1999,(9):403~405
15 Davis Chapman《.学用Visual C++ 6.0》.清华大学出版社,1999 :5-108,261-306
16 Wu, Zheng-Ping; Xiong, Xiao-Dong; Jiang, Ji-Fa; Wei, Bin. Realization of high accuracy timer by using Visual C++ 6.0. Jianghan Shiyou Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2002:87-88
17 David Simon.《Visuall C++ 6编程宝典》.电子工业出版社,2005 :193-214
18张韩双. Visual C++中实现数据库连接.科技信息,2008(24):62-63
19 Guo, Xiaosong; Zhu, Zhi. Virtual test system based on visual C++.International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, ICEMI,2007:2276-2278
20 Lu, Lin; Yuan, You-Xin; Feng, Tian-Tian. Design for liquid level detecting system based on visual C ++ 6.0. Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005:89-91
21 Yuan, Yuan; Zeng, Wen-Huo. Realization and application of MySQL database interfaces based on Visual C++.Huadong Chuanbo Gongye Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of East China Shipbuilding Institute,2002:41
22王伟.Visual C++ 6.0进行数据库开发常用技术及ADO应用实例.广播电视信息,2008(9):88-89
23刘明霞. VisualC_中使用多线程.应用技术,1999:15-17
24 Stroem, R. Windows NT as a Platform for a Real-Time Control System: A Case Study. Design of a Control System Using Visual C++ for the Unmanned Underwater Vehicle MacAROV. Avdelningen foer Styrning, Material och Undervattenssensorer,1994:92
25程昌品,张愉荣. VC实现Windows操作系统下多线程的调度与应用.计算机应用与软件,2004(21):118-120
26 Xu, Yong-Min; Zhang, Ji-Xian; Zhang, Li. On implement manifestation of radar picture by Visual C++.Liaoning Gongcheng Jishu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science Edition),2007:66-67
27唐宏.用VC_编制书标生成及打印程序.电脑学习,2001(4):26-27
28朱立新.VisualC_中几种情况下实现打印的方法.电脑编程技巧与维护,2001(4):15-17
29丁玉美,高西全.数字信号处理.西安电子科技大学出版社, 2000:261~291
30 Zhang, Guang-Ming. Signal denoising and ultrasonic flaw detection via overcomplete and sparse representations. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2008:2963-2972
31薛年喜. MATLAB在数字信号处理中的应用.清华大学出版社,2003:1~370
32陈亚勇. Matlab信号处理详解.人民邮电出版社,2001:103~130
33左建国.用中值滤波技术消除超声检测中的脉冲噪声.无损检测. 2008,10(1 ):57~59
34杨光,蒋煜,邹腊梅. Visual C ++ 6下实现基于多线程的网络通信.计算机与数字工程,2004(32):57-60
35 Mao, Zheng. Design and realization of VoIP based on visual C++.Journal of Information and Computational Science,2004:209-213
36任志考,李朝玲. Visual C ++ 6. 0环境下Winsock的研究与应用.信息技术,2006(8):96-99
37蔡利民,曾纪粤.用Visual C ++ 6. 0开发网络通信程序.长江职工大学学报,2000(17):32-35
38石飞,冯东辉,李静.用Visual C++实现网络通信.辽宁大学学报,2004(31):166-168
39于红阳.超声波探伤信号数字处理技术的研究.沈阳工业大学硕士论文. 2007,(3):35~36
40 Cruickshank. H, Sun. Z, Fan. Z. Universal serial bus implementation in an integrated access chip for ISDN systems. IEE Proceedings of the Communications, 2001,148(4): 207~211
41 Franzone, Jeffrey S. Microsoft visual C++ 6.0 IDE tutorial creating win32 console-mode applications. ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings,2002:169-197
42 Oca?a, Leandro Balladares. Code reuse and run-time extension of object oriented software applications in visual C++.Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications,2003:111-115
43王晶淼.基于USB接口的超声波探伤仪外置盒的研究.沈阳工业大学硕士论文. 2003,(3):44~50
44孟强.超声检测系统的研究与设计.山东科技大学硕士论文. 2006,(5):30~31
45王开云.基于PC平台的数字化超声无损检测系统的开发.武汉科技大学硕士论文. 2005,(4):42~45
2史亦伟.超声检测.机械工业出版社,2005:1~2
3张俊哲.无损检测技术及其应用.科学出版社,1993:55~59
4 Taghizadeh, M.T. Effect of molecular weight on the ultrasonic degradation of poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone). Ultrasonics Sonochemistry.2009:280-286
5 D. A. Cook,Y. H. Berthelot. Detection of Small Surface-Breaking Fatigue Cracks in Steel Using Scattering of Rayleigh Waves. NDT&E International. 2001, 43(11):751~753
6 G A Georgiou, T B Wooldriqe. The Basic Principles, Capabilities and Limitations of Ultrasonic NDT, Part2. Basic Principles of Ultrasonic NDT Insight. 2000,42(11):708~714
7 Hill, R. Non-destructive Evaluation. A Tool in Design, Manufacturing and Service.NDT&E International. 1997,30(6):397~398
8 J.L罗斯.《固体中的超声波》.科学出版社,2004 :270-287
9 KM.Abd El-Ghany, M.M.Farag.AutoNDT:New Software for Remote Ultrasonic Scanning Via Internet.NDT&E International.2002:1-8
10 Blitz, Jack.Ultrasonics methods and applicationsLondon.Butterworths,1971.
11 Guildford.Ultrasonics Guildford: Butterworth Scientific Ltd, 1963
12张秀峰.新型双核结构全数字超声探伤仪.清华大学硕士论文. 2002,(10):1~2
13 Rizzo.Piervincenzo. Digital signal processing for rail monitoring by means of ultrasonic guided waves. Insight: Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring,2007:327-332
14沈明珠,陈昌华.车轮超声波数字化探伤系统.无损检测. 1999,(9):403~405
15 Davis Chapman《.学用Visual C++ 6.0》.清华大学出版社,1999 :5-108,261-306
16 Wu, Zheng-Ping; Xiong, Xiao-Dong; Jiang, Ji-Fa; Wei, Bin. Realization of high accuracy timer by using Visual C++ 6.0. Jianghan Shiyou Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,2002:87-88
17 David Simon.《Visuall C++ 6编程宝典》.电子工业出版社,2005 :193-214
18张韩双. Visual C++中实现数据库连接.科技信息,2008(24):62-63
19 Guo, Xiaosong; Zhu, Zhi. Virtual test system based on visual C++.International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, ICEMI,2007:2276-2278
20 Lu, Lin; Yuan, You-Xin; Feng, Tian-Tian. Design for liquid level detecting system based on visual C ++ 6.0. Wuhan Ligong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005:89-91
21 Yuan, Yuan; Zeng, Wen-Huo. Realization and application of MySQL database interfaces based on Visual C++.Huadong Chuanbo Gongye Xueyuan Xuebao/Journal of East China Shipbuilding Institute,2002:41
22王伟.Visual C++ 6.0进行数据库开发常用技术及ADO应用实例.广播电视信息,2008(9):88-89
23刘明霞. VisualC_中使用多线程.应用技术,1999:15-17
24 Stroem, R. Windows NT as a Platform for a Real-Time Control System: A Case Study. Design of a Control System Using Visual C++ for the Unmanned Underwater Vehicle MacAROV. Avdelningen foer Styrning, Material och Undervattenssensorer,1994:92
25程昌品,张愉荣. VC实现Windows操作系统下多线程的调度与应用.计算机应用与软件,2004(21):118-120
26 Xu, Yong-Min; Zhang, Ji-Xian; Zhang, Li. On implement manifestation of radar picture by Visual C++.Liaoning Gongcheng Jishu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science Edition),2007:66-67
27唐宏.用VC_编制书标生成及打印程序.电脑学习,2001(4):26-27
28朱立新.VisualC_中几种情况下实现打印的方法.电脑编程技巧与维护,2001(4):15-17
29丁玉美,高西全.数字信号处理.西安电子科技大学出版社, 2000:261~291
30 Zhang, Guang-Ming. Signal denoising and ultrasonic flaw detection via overcomplete and sparse representations. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2008:2963-2972
31薛年喜. MATLAB在数字信号处理中的应用.清华大学出版社,2003:1~370
32陈亚勇. Matlab信号处理详解.人民邮电出版社,2001:103~130
33左建国.用中值滤波技术消除超声检测中的脉冲噪声.无损检测. 2008,10(1 ):57~59
34杨光,蒋煜,邹腊梅. Visual C ++ 6下实现基于多线程的网络通信.计算机与数字工程,2004(32):57-60
35 Mao, Zheng. Design and realization of VoIP based on visual C++.Journal of Information and Computational Science,2004:209-213
36任志考,李朝玲. Visual C ++ 6. 0环境下Winsock的研究与应用.信息技术,2006(8):96-99
37蔡利民,曾纪粤.用Visual C ++ 6. 0开发网络通信程序.长江职工大学学报,2000(17):32-35
38石飞,冯东辉,李静.用Visual C++实现网络通信.辽宁大学学报,2004(31):166-168
39于红阳.超声波探伤信号数字处理技术的研究.沈阳工业大学硕士论文. 2007,(3):35~36
40 Cruickshank. H, Sun. Z, Fan. Z. Universal serial bus implementation in an integrated access chip for ISDN systems. IEE Proceedings of the Communications, 2001,148(4): 207~211
41 Franzone, Jeffrey S. Microsoft visual C++ 6.0 IDE tutorial creating win32 console-mode applications. ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings,2002:169-197
42 Oca?a, Leandro Balladares. Code reuse and run-time extension of object oriented software applications in visual C++.Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications,2003:111-115
43王晶淼.基于USB接口的超声波探伤仪外置盒的研究.沈阳工业大学硕士论文. 2003,(3):44~50
44孟强.超声检测系统的研究与设计.山东科技大学硕士论文. 2006,(5):30~31
45王开云.基于PC平台的数字化超声无损检测系统的开发.武汉科技大学硕士论文. 2005,(4):42~45
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