合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇技术研究
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摘要
在甲醇-电联产系统中,煤制合成气一部分用于燃气轮机联合循环发电,另一部分用于合成甲醇。而由于在甲醇的合成过程中存在着其他副反应,作为化工产品销售的甲醇需要进行精馏提纯,这就会产生一定量的杂醇废液。为解决杂醇废液的处置问题,本文提出了将杂醇以液态喷雾的形式引入合成气燃气轮机与合成气进行掺烧的方案,并就该掺烧方案投入实际运用之前所需要解答的一系列问题,开展了一定的研究工作。
论文先后就合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇对机组性能的影响,合成气-杂醇掺烧火焰的燃烧特性,杂醇雾化参数对掺烧燃气轮机燃烧室性能的影响,以及杂醇雾化喷嘴的喷雾特性等问题进行了研究,并取得了一些结论。
运用GateCycle软件进行的燃气轮机循环热力计算表明,在杂醇/合成气流量比不超过0.03的范围内,各机组负荷条件下,合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇会使机组效率略有降低,但总体上掺烧对燃机机组性能的影响不大。
在模型燃烧室中进行的实验研究表明,合成气-杂醇掺烧会使火焰尺寸变长,使火焰烟气中NOx排放降低、CO排放升高。由此可以预测,在合成气燃气轮机中掺烧杂醇,有利于NOx减排,但同时也会产生火焰伸长、CO排放升高的不利影响。
基于全尺寸燃气轮机燃烧室模型,进行的合成气-杂醇掺烧数值研究表明,由于掺烧的杂醇量较少,掺烧前后燃烧室内流场、温度场等均无明显变化;在合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇的运用中,杂醇的喷雾锥角可取为60°～120°,而喷雾粒径则以低于60μm为宜。
论文最后针对上述雾化参数要求,设计、加工了杂醇雾化喷嘴,并对不同结构的喷嘴的喷雾特性进行了实验研究,筛选出了满足杂醇雾化要求的喷嘴结构。
通过本文的研究,初步肯定了合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇技术的可行性,指出了掺烧杂醇对于合成气燃气轮机机组性能及燃烧室性能可能带来的影响,提出了合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇时,杂醇的雾化参数要求,并设计、加工了满足杂醇雾化要求的雾化喷嘴。
In methanol-electricity co-production system, coal-based syngas is used partially for electricity genneration in IGCC, and partially for methanol production. Due to the subsidiary reactions in methanol synthesis process, rectification is required and fusel waste is produced before fine methanol obtained. Aiming to solve the disposal problem of fusel waste, syngas-fusel co-combustion in syngas fueled gas turbine was proposed in this thesis.
A series of studies were carried out and some results were obtained:
Numerical studies on the performances of gas turbine cycle based on GateCycle software package were executed. It showed that, the performances of gas turbine would not change much when fusel-flowrate/syngas-flowrate ratio was below 0.03.
Experimental studies on characteristics of syngas-fusel co-combustion flame were executed in a model combustor. It showed that, compared with syngas flame, syngas-fusel co-combustion flame was longer, and had less NOx emission and more CO emission. It could be predicted that when syngas-fusel co-combustion was introduced in syngas fueled gas turbine, flame length would be enhanced, NOx emission reduced but CO emission increased.
The influences of fusel spray parameters on combustor performances were numerically studied using a full-size gas turbine combustor model. It showed that, the flow field and temperature distribution both had no obvious change since the amout of additional fusel was quite small. The cone angle of fusel spray was recommended to be between 60°～120°, while SMD was recommended to be below 60μm.
Atomizers were designed for fusel atomization, spray characters of atomizers with different channel structures were experimentally studied, and proper atomizer structures were sought out.
The present studies showed the feasibility of syngas-fusel co-combustion in syngas fueled gas turbine, and several possible influences on gas turbine performances and combustor performances caused by syngas-fusel co-combustion were pointed out, befitting spray parameters of fusel were recommended and proper atomizers were designed.
论文先后就合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇对机组性能的影响,合成气-杂醇掺烧火焰的燃烧特性,杂醇雾化参数对掺烧燃气轮机燃烧室性能的影响,以及杂醇雾化喷嘴的喷雾特性等问题进行了研究,并取得了一些结论。
运用GateCycle软件进行的燃气轮机循环热力计算表明,在杂醇/合成气流量比不超过0.03的范围内,各机组负荷条件下,合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇会使机组效率略有降低,但总体上掺烧对燃机机组性能的影响不大。
在模型燃烧室中进行的实验研究表明,合成气-杂醇掺烧会使火焰尺寸变长,使火焰烟气中NOx排放降低、CO排放升高。由此可以预测,在合成气燃气轮机中掺烧杂醇,有利于NOx减排,但同时也会产生火焰伸长、CO排放升高的不利影响。
基于全尺寸燃气轮机燃烧室模型,进行的合成气-杂醇掺烧数值研究表明,由于掺烧的杂醇量较少,掺烧前后燃烧室内流场、温度场等均无明显变化;在合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇的运用中,杂醇的喷雾锥角可取为60°～120°,而喷雾粒径则以低于60μm为宜。
论文最后针对上述雾化参数要求,设计、加工了杂醇雾化喷嘴,并对不同结构的喷嘴的喷雾特性进行了实验研究,筛选出了满足杂醇雾化要求的喷嘴结构。
通过本文的研究,初步肯定了合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇技术的可行性,指出了掺烧杂醇对于合成气燃气轮机机组性能及燃烧室性能可能带来的影响,提出了合成气燃气轮机掺烧杂醇时,杂醇的雾化参数要求,并设计、加工了满足杂醇雾化要求的雾化喷嘴。
In methanol-electricity co-production system, coal-based syngas is used partially for electricity genneration in IGCC, and partially for methanol production. Due to the subsidiary reactions in methanol synthesis process, rectification is required and fusel waste is produced before fine methanol obtained. Aiming to solve the disposal problem of fusel waste, syngas-fusel co-combustion in syngas fueled gas turbine was proposed in this thesis.
A series of studies were carried out and some results were obtained:
Numerical studies on the performances of gas turbine cycle based on GateCycle software package were executed. It showed that, the performances of gas turbine would not change much when fusel-flowrate/syngas-flowrate ratio was below 0.03.
Experimental studies on characteristics of syngas-fusel co-combustion flame were executed in a model combustor. It showed that, compared with syngas flame, syngas-fusel co-combustion flame was longer, and had less NOx emission and more CO emission. It could be predicted that when syngas-fusel co-combustion was introduced in syngas fueled gas turbine, flame length would be enhanced, NOx emission reduced but CO emission increased.
The influences of fusel spray parameters on combustor performances were numerically studied using a full-size gas turbine combustor model. It showed that, the flow field and temperature distribution both had no obvious change since the amout of additional fusel was quite small. The cone angle of fusel spray was recommended to be between 60°～120°, while SMD was recommended to be below 60μm.
Atomizers were designed for fusel atomization, spray characters of atomizers with different channel structures were experimentally studied, and proper atomizer structures were sought out.
The present studies showed the feasibility of syngas-fusel co-combustion in syngas fueled gas turbine, and several possible influences on gas turbine performances and combustor performances caused by syngas-fusel co-combustion were pointed out, befitting spray parameters of fusel were recommended and proper atomizers were designed.
引文
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[3]胡笑颖,顾煜炯,杨昆.浅析煤炭多联产技术[J].煤炭技术,2005,24(12)
[4]肖云汉,张士杰.煤炭多联产技术和氢能技术[J].华北电力大学学报,2004,.31(6)
[5]徐祥.IGCC和联产的系统研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2007
[6]张文辉.矿区发展煤转化的最佳途径-煤基多联产系统[J].中国科技成果,2005,12
[7]贺永德.现代煤化工技术手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004
[8]张学镭,王松岭,陈海平,周兰欣.燃烧中低热值燃料时燃气轮机系统的应对方案及其性能分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(19)
[9]王铭忠,白慧峰.烧低热值煤气时燃气轮机工况点的调整与特性变化[J].燃气轮机技术,2003,16(3)
[10]白慧峰,邓世敏,王铭忠,危师让.烧低热值煤气时燃气轮机特性计算与分析[J].热力发电,2003(11)
[11]张学镭,王松岭,陈海平,周兰欣.简单循环燃气轮机系统建模及其变工况性能分析[J].动力工程,2006,26(5)
[12]李政,王德慧,倪维斗.考虑冷却空气影响的大型燃气轮机性能计算模型[J].动力工程,2006,26(2)
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