基于城市规划的电力规划研究
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摘要
城市要发展,规划要先行,如何编制切实可行的电力规划使之既能满足城市规划部门对城市形象及土地资源的要求,又能满足供电部门对系统经济性的要求,是当前中国城市电力规划的重要课题。
本文结合济南市的电力规划指出了城市总体规划对城市电力规划的指导意义,研究了城市电力规划中的饱和负荷预测、电源规划、站址规划、走廊规划等方面的内容。饱和负荷预测基于城市总体规划中的用地规划,通过对不同用地性质的分析,确定负荷在时间和空间上的具体分布情况,进而指导变电站的站址规划。电源规划是以城市总体规划的空间布局为基础,多方案选择比较,确定合适的电源建设位置,既满足用电需求又能适应生态环保的要求。通过对城市道路交通系统、绿地系统的解读能够深入地了解城市脉络,选出切实可行的架空线路走廊及高压电缆路由。在总体规划的指导下编制的城市电力规划可以在城市电力设施布局专项规划或者控制性详细规划中做进一步的深化,确定用地范围和线路走廊坐标,可直接满足建设要求。
以构建与城市生态环境和谐相容的城市电力系统为目标,通过对城市各层面规划的深入解读,提出了一种切实可行的城市电力规划方法。在总规的宏观指导下与控规的细化,通过量化分析与多方融合,解决了城市需要电力但又无法实施的问题。规划的实施结果表明提出的规划方法是成熟高效的。
City to develop, urban planning should to be the first. How to prepare a practical and economic plan is an important issue of China's current urban power planning. A good plan should both satisfy the city's image requirements of the urban planning department and the economic requirements of the power supply sector.
In this paper, the guidance effect of the urban overall planning on the city's electricity supply planning is proposed using Jinan city as an example. The following plan aspects of electricity planning has been studied: saturated electric load forecasting, power supply planning, site planning, corridor planning and so on. Saturated load forecasting is based on the overall urban planning of land-use planning, then after analysis of the nature of different sites, loads in time and space on the specific distribution of the substation can be determined. The load forecast can then guide the substation sites planning. Power source planning is based on the overall urban planning of the spatial distribution. After comparing the multi-scheme selections, an appropriate location of the power-building can be determined, which can both meet the demand for electricity and can adapt to the eco-environmental requirements. Through the interpretation of urban road traffic system and the green space system, a deep understanding of the urban context to elect practical high-voltage overhead line corridors and cable routing can be obtained. The electricity plan prepared under the guidance of urban planning can be perfected in the special planning or controlling the layout of the detailed planning, which can be directly meet the building requirements.
Taking the building of a harmonious and compatible urban power system as the goal, this paper has presented a practical method of electric power planning after analysis of all levels of urban planning in-depth. By the overall macro regulation and control regulations and under the guidance of the refinement, the city electricity problem has been solved through quantitative analysis and multi-party integration Planning results show that the proposed planning method is a mature and efficient one.
本文结合济南市的电力规划指出了城市总体规划对城市电力规划的指导意义,研究了城市电力规划中的饱和负荷预测、电源规划、站址规划、走廊规划等方面的内容。饱和负荷预测基于城市总体规划中的用地规划,通过对不同用地性质的分析,确定负荷在时间和空间上的具体分布情况,进而指导变电站的站址规划。电源规划是以城市总体规划的空间布局为基础,多方案选择比较,确定合适的电源建设位置,既满足用电需求又能适应生态环保的要求。通过对城市道路交通系统、绿地系统的解读能够深入地了解城市脉络,选出切实可行的架空线路走廊及高压电缆路由。在总体规划的指导下编制的城市电力规划可以在城市电力设施布局专项规划或者控制性详细规划中做进一步的深化,确定用地范围和线路走廊坐标,可直接满足建设要求。
以构建与城市生态环境和谐相容的城市电力系统为目标,通过对城市各层面规划的深入解读,提出了一种切实可行的城市电力规划方法。在总规的宏观指导下与控规的细化,通过量化分析与多方融合,解决了城市需要电力但又无法实施的问题。规划的实施结果表明提出的规划方法是成熟高效的。
City to develop, urban planning should to be the first. How to prepare a practical and economic plan is an important issue of China's current urban power planning. A good plan should both satisfy the city's image requirements of the urban planning department and the economic requirements of the power supply sector.
In this paper, the guidance effect of the urban overall planning on the city's electricity supply planning is proposed using Jinan city as an example. The following plan aspects of electricity planning has been studied: saturated electric load forecasting, power supply planning, site planning, corridor planning and so on. Saturated load forecasting is based on the overall urban planning of land-use planning, then after analysis of the nature of different sites, loads in time and space on the specific distribution of the substation can be determined. The load forecast can then guide the substation sites planning. Power source planning is based on the overall urban planning of the spatial distribution. After comparing the multi-scheme selections, an appropriate location of the power-building can be determined, which can both meet the demand for electricity and can adapt to the eco-environmental requirements. Through the interpretation of urban road traffic system and the green space system, a deep understanding of the urban context to elect practical high-voltage overhead line corridors and cable routing can be obtained. The electricity plan prepared under the guidance of urban planning can be perfected in the special planning or controlling the layout of the detailed planning, which can be directly meet the building requirements.
Taking the building of a harmonious and compatible urban power system as the goal, this paper has presented a practical method of electric power planning after analysis of all levels of urban planning in-depth. By the overall macro regulation and control regulations and under the guidance of the refinement, the city electricity problem has been solved through quantitative analysis and multi-party integration Planning results show that the proposed planning method is a mature and efficient one.
引文
[1]罗祖鉴.城市规划研究的新进展[J]I供用电,1998,15(16):5-8.
[2]Merrill H M,Wood A J.Risk and uncertainty in power system planning[J].Electric Power & Energy Systems,1991,13(2):81-90.
[3]赵庆波.山东省电力工业的可持续发展战略[J].山东电力技术,2002,1(123),1-4.
[4]张焰,陈章潮.谈不确定性的电网规划方法研究[J].电网技术,1999,22(3):15-22
[5]赵军,石永海.专家系统在变电站选址中的应用[J].华北电力学院学院,1992(1):24-31.
[6]苏南.浅谈城市电力规划中的几个问题[J].大众科技.2005(10):116-117.
[7]吴书渠.做好电网规划适应新一轮城市建设需要[J].上海电力.2003(3):188-191.
[8]魏彭.一般城市变电站与城市规划占地浅谈[J].科学之友.9(26),2008:188.
[9]朱成章.我国电力需求预测的难点浅析[J].华东电力.199(3):8-11.
[10]郑文谋.谈城市总体规划中的电力负荷预测[J]-福建建筑高等专科学校学报,2001,3(1),10-12.
[11]袁继良.城市总体规划中的负荷需求预测应选用较高的预测数据[J].供用电,1999,16(12):11-13.
[12]Pedro M S C,Luis AFMF Femando G L,et al.Distribution network expansion planning under uncertainty:[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(1):412-416.
[13]Levi V A,Calovic M S.A new decomposition based method for optimal expansion planning of large transmission network[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1993,6(3):937-943.
[14]Binato S,Oliveira G C,Araujo J L.A greedy and randomized adaptive search procedure for transmission expansion planning[J].IEEE Traction on Power Systems,2001,16(2):247-253.
[15]Haffner S,Monticelli A,Garcia A,et al.Branch and bund algorithm for transmission system expansion planning using transportation model[J].IEE Proceedings Generation Transmission and Distribution,2000,147(3),149-156.
[16]张玉晰,王永磁.变电所所址选择与总布置[M].第一版.北京:水利电力出版社,1986:1-93.
[17]于益雷.加强环境保护,实现电力工业的可持续发展.供用电,1995,12 17(3),4-9.
[18]翟海保,程浩忠,吕干云.基于模式记忆并行蚁群算法的输电网规划[J].中国电机工程学报,25(9),2005:27-29.
[19]童陆园,王仲鸿,韩英铎.大规模输电优化扩建规划隐枚举法.见:全国高等学校电力 系统及其自动化专业第五届学术年会论文集[C],武汉:1988.
[20]周勤惠,胡能正.网流直流法在输电网络自动规划中的应用[J].水电能源科学,14(1),1996:15-17。
[2l]侯颖君.地区负荷预测研究[D]浙江大学,2005.
[22]翟海保,程浩忠.基于改进蚁群算法的输电网络扩展规划仁[J].中国电力,36(12),2003:23-26.
[23]侯云鹤,鲁丽娟,熊信良.改进粒子群算法及其在电力系统经济负荷分配中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):95-100.
[24]胡家声,郭创新,曹一家.一种适合于电力系统机组组合问题的混合粒子群优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,2 4(4):24-28
[25]金义雄,程浩忠,严健勇.改进粒子群算法及其在输电网规划中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(4):12-18..
[26]司马锡.生厂址选择的模糊评价法与分等加权法的比较[J].化工技术经济,1998,16(2):20-22.
[27]吕蓬,邢棉,康怡.火电厂厂选址最优规划中的层次分析法[J].华北电力学院学报,1994,21(4):99-105.
[28]李敏强,寇纪淞,王以直.地区配电网规划站址选择的数字图象转换处理和滤波方法[J],系统工程理论与实践,1995(7):57-62.
[29]王天华,王平洋,范明天.馈线自动化规划中环网开关配置的优化算法研究[J].电力系统自动化,1999,23(15):15-17.
[30]余贻鑫,邱炜,刘若沁.基于启发式算法与遗传算法的配电网重构[J].电网技术,2001,25(1):19-22.
[3l]赵送机.厂址选择的运输指向分析[J].有色冶金设计与研究,1994,15(4):15-1.
[32]张鹏,何川英.基于均匀布点的全局优化方法[J],中国机械工程,2001,12(5):560-564.
[33]陈雪,陆金旭,玉小玲.北海市城区电网规划及建议[J],广西电力,2007(5):63-65.
[34]王永红.城市lOkV配电网规划方法探讨[J].科技信息.基础理论探讨,402-404.
[35]秦杰.城市地下与地上变电站造价分析[J].供用电2005(2):155-157.
[36]张勇,王泗宝,李登武,刘宏.城市电网规划的负荷预测方法研究[J].供用电,2007(8):15-17.
[37]余贻鑫,段刚.城市电网规划的认知性质与方法[J].电力系统自动化,学术论文,2007(1):27-31.
[38]刘永清.城市电网设施地理布局规划的应用[J].电力建设,27(9),2009:20-23.
[39]袁继良.城市总体规划中的电力需求规划[J].供用电.16(2),1999:11-13.
[40]陈绍杰.电网规划与总体规划的关系[J].电网建设.2006(5):18-19.
[41]要焕年.论城市电网的发展方向[J].电网技术.18(5),1994:38-41.
[42]杨卫红,李敬如,刘海波,崔凯.适应和谐社会的城市电力规划[J].电力技术经济.19(5),2007:7-10.
[2]Merrill H M,Wood A J.Risk and uncertainty in power system planning[J].Electric Power & Energy Systems,1991,13(2):81-90.
[3]赵庆波.山东省电力工业的可持续发展战略[J].山东电力技术,2002,1(123),1-4.
[4]张焰,陈章潮.谈不确定性的电网规划方法研究[J].电网技术,1999,22(3):15-22
[5]赵军,石永海.专家系统在变电站选址中的应用[J].华北电力学院学院,1992(1):24-31.
[6]苏南.浅谈城市电力规划中的几个问题[J].大众科技.2005(10):116-117.
[7]吴书渠.做好电网规划适应新一轮城市建设需要[J].上海电力.2003(3):188-191.
[8]魏彭.一般城市变电站与城市规划占地浅谈[J].科学之友.9(26),2008:188.
[9]朱成章.我国电力需求预测的难点浅析[J].华东电力.199(3):8-11.
[10]郑文谋.谈城市总体规划中的电力负荷预测[J]-福建建筑高等专科学校学报,2001,3(1),10-12.
[11]袁继良.城市总体规划中的负荷需求预测应选用较高的预测数据[J].供用电,1999,16(12):11-13.
[12]Pedro M S C,Luis AFMF Femando G L,et al.Distribution network expansion planning under uncertainty:[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(1):412-416.
[13]Levi V A,Calovic M S.A new decomposition based method for optimal expansion planning of large transmission network[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1993,6(3):937-943.
[14]Binato S,Oliveira G C,Araujo J L.A greedy and randomized adaptive search procedure for transmission expansion planning[J].IEEE Traction on Power Systems,2001,16(2):247-253.
[15]Haffner S,Monticelli A,Garcia A,et al.Branch and bund algorithm for transmission system expansion planning using transportation model[J].IEE Proceedings Generation Transmission and Distribution,2000,147(3),149-156.
[16]张玉晰,王永磁.变电所所址选择与总布置[M].第一版.北京:水利电力出版社,1986:1-93.
[17]于益雷.加强环境保护,实现电力工业的可持续发展.供用电,1995,12 17(3),4-9.
[18]翟海保,程浩忠,吕干云.基于模式记忆并行蚁群算法的输电网规划[J].中国电机工程学报,25(9),2005:27-29.
[19]童陆园,王仲鸿,韩英铎.大规模输电优化扩建规划隐枚举法.见:全国高等学校电力 系统及其自动化专业第五届学术年会论文集[C],武汉:1988.
[20]周勤惠,胡能正.网流直流法在输电网络自动规划中的应用[J].水电能源科学,14(1),1996:15-17。
[2l]侯颖君.地区负荷预测研究[D]浙江大学,2005.
[22]翟海保,程浩忠.基于改进蚁群算法的输电网络扩展规划仁[J].中国电力,36(12),2003:23-26.
[23]侯云鹤,鲁丽娟,熊信良.改进粒子群算法及其在电力系统经济负荷分配中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):95-100.
[24]胡家声,郭创新,曹一家.一种适合于电力系统机组组合问题的混合粒子群优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,2 4(4):24-28
[25]金义雄,程浩忠,严健勇.改进粒子群算法及其在输电网规划中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(4):12-18..
[26]司马锡.生厂址选择的模糊评价法与分等加权法的比较[J].化工技术经济,1998,16(2):20-22.
[27]吕蓬,邢棉,康怡.火电厂厂选址最优规划中的层次分析法[J].华北电力学院学报,1994,21(4):99-105.
[28]李敏强,寇纪淞,王以直.地区配电网规划站址选择的数字图象转换处理和滤波方法[J],系统工程理论与实践,1995(7):57-62.
[29]王天华,王平洋,范明天.馈线自动化规划中环网开关配置的优化算法研究[J].电力系统自动化,1999,23(15):15-17.
[30]余贻鑫,邱炜,刘若沁.基于启发式算法与遗传算法的配电网重构[J].电网技术,2001,25(1):19-22.
[3l]赵送机.厂址选择的运输指向分析[J].有色冶金设计与研究,1994,15(4):15-1.
[32]张鹏,何川英.基于均匀布点的全局优化方法[J],中国机械工程,2001,12(5):560-564.
[33]陈雪,陆金旭,玉小玲.北海市城区电网规划及建议[J],广西电力,2007(5):63-65.
[34]王永红.城市lOkV配电网规划方法探讨[J].科技信息.基础理论探讨,402-404.
[35]秦杰.城市地下与地上变电站造价分析[J].供用电2005(2):155-157.
[36]张勇,王泗宝,李登武,刘宏.城市电网规划的负荷预测方法研究[J].供用电,2007(8):15-17.
[37]余贻鑫,段刚.城市电网规划的认知性质与方法[J].电力系统自动化,学术论文,2007(1):27-31.
[38]刘永清.城市电网设施地理布局规划的应用[J].电力建设,27(9),2009:20-23.
[39]袁继良.城市总体规划中的电力需求规划[J].供用电.16(2),1999:11-13.
[40]陈绍杰.电网规划与总体规划的关系[J].电网建设.2006(5):18-19.
[41]要焕年.论城市电网的发展方向[J].电网技术.18(5),1994:38-41.
[42]杨卫红,李敬如,刘海波,崔凯.适应和谐社会的城市电力规划[J].电力技术经济.19(5),2007:7-10.
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