不同类型公路货物运输的经济服务半径研究
摘要
运输在物流环节中占据相当重要的地位,是物流服务中的重要内容。面对客户不断增长的服务需求和激烈竞争的市场形势,要想维持自身的生存和发展,必须通过高效、可靠的服务来加以保证.作为公路、铁路、航空、水运、管道五大运输方式之一的公路运输在现代交通综合运输体系中又稳居基础地位。世界上经济发达的国家和地区,在其经济发展的早期,都有过公路交通运输优先发展的时期。从我国的实际情况看,一方面是经济发展对公路运输业提出越来越高的要求,促使公路运输有一个比较大的先行发展,才能满足我国经济腾飞的需要;另一方面,我国的社会各方面的有限资源又对公路运输的发展形成了多方面的限制。在当今物流业迅速发展的背景下,开展物流服务对于运输业的发展而言,无疑是一个十分重要的契机。
本文以社会主义市场经济理论为指导,立足于运输经济学、运筹学、物流学、产业经济学、道路工程、汽车车辆构造原理等学科基础,综合运用各相关学科的理论与方法深入研究了运输业发展、特点,以及公路运输的特点、在运输业中的地位、公路运输成本组成、影响成本的因素以及运输成本分析和计算方法等相关方面的问题。采用分析与实证相结合的方法,提出了关于公路货物运输经济服务半径定义,并对经济性和影响因素进行了进一步阐述。在此基础上,广泛收集相关资料,走访公路运输企业和相关管理部门获取相关数据,运用作业成本法、数学建模、对比法等,对参与一次公路货物运输的过程进行分析,通过计算和比较得到了关于不同类型公路货物运输经济服务半径的确定方法。
笔者希望通过对公路货物运输经济服务半径的研究,能为公路运输企业管理者的经营管理、合理选择和决策提供依据,以及为今后的路网规划和设施建设的决策提供借鉴和参考价值。
Transport links in the logistics occupy important position in the logistics services is an important part.
Faced with the growing customer demand and fierce competition in the market situation, in order to maintain their own survival and development , efficient and reliable services must to be guaranteed. As one of highways, railways, aviation, shipping, pipelines, the five major mode of transport for road transport in a modern integrated transport system in traffic and stable foundation status. The world's economically developed countries and regions, in its early stage of economic development, road transport has been giving priority to the development period. From the actual situation in China, on the one hand, the economic development of road transport industry by increasing the requirements of road transport to a big first development to meet the needs of Chinese economic development .on the other hand, our society limited resources and the development of road transport formed a wide range of restrictions. In today's logistics industry in the context of rapid development, logistics services for the development of the transport industry is undoubtedly a very important turning point.
This article based on the socialist market economic theory, transport economics, Logistics, Industrial Economics, Road Engineering, vehicles structural principles of discipline as a guide, using various relevant disciplines of theory and method , deeply study the development of the transport industry, features, the characteristics of the position in the transport sector, road transport cost components, the impact of cost factors , the transport cost analysis , calculation methods, and other related aspects. Using case studies and analysis methods, put on the mode of transport for economic services radius, further elaborating on the nature and impact of economic factors. On this basis, The author extensively collected relevant information, visited road transport enterprises and related departments to get related data, using of activity-based costing, mathematical modeling, contrasting the road freight transport involved in a process of analysis, finally get the methods of determining the different types of road transport service radius by calculating and comparison.
I hope through the study on the economic service radius of road freight transport, it can provide the basis for road transport enterprise managers to management, make rational choice and make decision. As well as provide reference value for decision-making of future road network planning and construction.
本文以社会主义市场经济理论为指导,立足于运输经济学、运筹学、物流学、产业经济学、道路工程、汽车车辆构造原理等学科基础,综合运用各相关学科的理论与方法深入研究了运输业发展、特点,以及公路运输的特点、在运输业中的地位、公路运输成本组成、影响成本的因素以及运输成本分析和计算方法等相关方面的问题。采用分析与实证相结合的方法,提出了关于公路货物运输经济服务半径定义,并对经济性和影响因素进行了进一步阐述。在此基础上,广泛收集相关资料,走访公路运输企业和相关管理部门获取相关数据,运用作业成本法、数学建模、对比法等,对参与一次公路货物运输的过程进行分析,通过计算和比较得到了关于不同类型公路货物运输经济服务半径的确定方法。
笔者希望通过对公路货物运输经济服务半径的研究,能为公路运输企业管理者的经营管理、合理选择和决策提供依据,以及为今后的路网规划和设施建设的决策提供借鉴和参考价值。
Transport links in the logistics occupy important position in the logistics services is an important part.
Faced with the growing customer demand and fierce competition in the market situation, in order to maintain their own survival and development , efficient and reliable services must to be guaranteed. As one of highways, railways, aviation, shipping, pipelines, the five major mode of transport for road transport in a modern integrated transport system in traffic and stable foundation status. The world's economically developed countries and regions, in its early stage of economic development, road transport has been giving priority to the development period. From the actual situation in China, on the one hand, the economic development of road transport industry by increasing the requirements of road transport to a big first development to meet the needs of Chinese economic development .on the other hand, our society limited resources and the development of road transport formed a wide range of restrictions. In today's logistics industry in the context of rapid development, logistics services for the development of the transport industry is undoubtedly a very important turning point.
This article based on the socialist market economic theory, transport economics, Logistics, Industrial Economics, Road Engineering, vehicles structural principles of discipline as a guide, using various relevant disciplines of theory and method , deeply study the development of the transport industry, features, the characteristics of the position in the transport sector, road transport cost components, the impact of cost factors , the transport cost analysis , calculation methods, and other related aspects. Using case studies and analysis methods, put on the mode of transport for economic services radius, further elaborating on the nature and impact of economic factors. On this basis, The author extensively collected relevant information, visited road transport enterprises and related departments to get related data, using of activity-based costing, mathematical modeling, contrasting the road freight transport involved in a process of analysis, finally get the methods of determining the different types of road transport service radius by calculating and comparison.
I hope through the study on the economic service radius of road freight transport, it can provide the basis for road transport enterprise managers to management, make rational choice and make decision. As well as provide reference value for decision-making of future road network planning and construction.
引文
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[22]宋世强.物流运输管理决策优化问题研究[D1.江西财经大学,2006
[23]叶张宏.物流运输合理化研究[D].上海:上海海运学院,2000
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[30]李志鹏.交通流建模及城市路网交通状态分析[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007
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[35]Wilson A G.A statistical theory of spatial distribution models[J]Transportation Res,1967(1)253-269
[36]奚宽武.高速公路后评价理论与方法研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2004
[37]李继锐.高速公路社会效益量化分析研究[D].西安:西安公路交通大学,1998
[38]史士英,闰德志.高速公路最优收费费率的研究[J].山东交通学院学报,2005,9
[39]白昊阳.分质供水水资源优化配置研究[D].天津:天津大学,2005,12
[40]王俊燕.固定交通需求条件下高速公路最优费率的研究[D].石家庄:河北工业大学,1999
[41]罗良鑫.小汽车停车收费影响研究[D].成都;两南交通大学,2005
[42]黄玉刚.浅析线性规划法在铁路工程材料经济运距计算中的应用[J].铁道勘测与设计,2006,2
[43]王立海,李孝玉,李学忠.实行预装的经济运距[J].东北林业大学学报,1991,7
[44]赵恩棠.交通工程常用术语[J].交通工程,1999,2
[45]杨莉.物流中心选址和布局规划的两阶段双层规划模型及解法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006
[46]Daganzo,Carlos.Logistics Systems Analysis.3rd ed.Berlin:Springer.1999
[47]Talley,Wayne.Linkages between transportation infrastructure investment and economic reduction[J];Logistics and Transportation Review;Vancouver:Mar1996.Vol.32,Iss.1;pg145,10pg
[48]Markus Hesse,Logistics and Freight Transport Policy in Urban Areas:A Case Study of Berlin-Brandenburg/Germany[J],European Planning Studies.Abingdon:Oct2004
[49]Flint,Daniel J.Strategic Marketing in Global Supply Chains:Four Challenges.Industrial Marketing Management Volume:33,Issue:1,January,2003
[50]范月娇,张爽.多源多目标环境下配送中心服务半径的确定[J].北京交通人学学报,2007,12
[51]江从发,龚国华.配送中心最佳服务半径分析[J].物流技术,2003,9
[52]刘伟铭.高速公路收费系统理论与方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2000.4:37-38
[53]蔚晓丹.国际平整度指数IRI作为路面平整度评价指标的研究[J].公路交通科技,1999,11
[54]陆化普.交通网络均衡分析的变分不等式方法[J].公路交通科技,1997,6
[2]Mohan K Menon,Michael A McGinnis,Kenneth B Acherman,"Selection criteria for providers of third-party logistics services:An exploratory study",Journal of Business Logistics,1998,8
[3]Transportation in America.Eno Transportation Foundation,1997,11
[4]Intermodal Terminal User Manual.Iowa Department of Transportation,1997,5
[5]Transportation Research Record No.1466.Issues in Land Use and Transportation Planning,Models,and Applications,1994,2
[6]M.Stopford.Maritime Economics.Unwin Hyman,1992,4
[7]J.de D.Ortuzar Modelling Transport John Wiley&Sons,1994,3
[8]Sheffi Yosef,Eskandari Babak,Koutsopoulos Haris N.The Role of Shippers and Transport Operators in the Logistics Chain.Economic Research Centre,1986,5
[9]Hau L.Lee,V.padmanabhan,Seunjin in Whang.The Bullship Effect in Supply Chain,Sloan Management ReviewlSpdng,1997,7
[10]Kjetil K.Haugen,Arild Hervik,(2003)"Determinants of Modal Choice in Freight Transport A Case Study,"Transportation,Jan 1990,2
[11]Lisa H.Harrington.The RFP process:How to have a third Party.Transportation &Distribution,1998,9
[12]Reza Banai-Kashani Postponed Manufacturing Supplementary to Transportation Services.Transportation Research Part E36,2000,10
[13]Donald J.Bowersox,David J.closs,林国龙,宋柏,沙梅译.物流管理.北京:机械工业出版社,1999,8
[14]王兵.高速公路通行费收费标准研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2003
[15]詹燕.公路收费费率与路段交通量关系研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2001
[16]高波.以运输成本节约程度测算公路收费标准的合理范围[J].中外公路,2006
[17]廖渝林.高速公路合理收费标准研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2004
[18]陈唐民.汽车运输学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1988,12:105-107
[19]王钰华.公路运输统计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1991,10:28-29
[20]陈贻龙,邵振一.运输经济学[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.8:78-82
[21]刘江.基于层次分析法的企业运输方式的选择[D].北京:对外经济贸易大学,2006
[22]宋世强.物流运输管理决策优化问题研究[D1.江西财经大学,2006
[23]叶张宏.物流运输合理化研究[D].上海:上海海运学院,2000
[24]王立宏.公路工程最优运距推导与应用[J].辽宁交通科技,1999,10
[25]周玉民.露天矿汽车运输合理运距的确定[J].煤矿机械,2002,8
[26]柳长顺,王国强.土地平整工程经济运距计算模型初步研究[J].农业工程学报,2004,7
[27]李文华,刘东晓.叉车和拖车经济运距论证[J].港口管理,1999,8
[28]蔡德仲,陈默.对短途货物经济运距的探讨[J1.铁道工程,1993,9
[29]陈玲.公路工程中天然筑路材料的勘察及设计[J].合肥工业大学学报,1999,10
[30]李志鹏.交通流建模及城市路网交通状态分析[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007
[31]江水法,刘峰.交易费用计量与广义价格[J].江西农业大学学报,2004,12
[32]William H K,Lam M L.Tam.Balance of demand and supply of parking space[A].Proceeding of 14~(th)International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory[C],1999,11
[33]Fabien Prevost.Curb parking:Theory and model[M].Berkeley;Institute of Transportation Studies University of California,1978,12
[34]奚宽武,任福田.经济潜力模型法量化高速公路对沿线经济的带动效益[J],2006,4
[35]Wilson A G.A statistical theory of spatial distribution models[J]Transportation Res,1967(1)253-269
[36]奚宽武.高速公路后评价理论与方法研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2004
[37]李继锐.高速公路社会效益量化分析研究[D].西安:西安公路交通大学,1998
[38]史士英,闰德志.高速公路最优收费费率的研究[J].山东交通学院学报,2005,9
[39]白昊阳.分质供水水资源优化配置研究[D].天津:天津大学,2005,12
[40]王俊燕.固定交通需求条件下高速公路最优费率的研究[D].石家庄:河北工业大学,1999
[41]罗良鑫.小汽车停车收费影响研究[D].成都;两南交通大学,2005
[42]黄玉刚.浅析线性规划法在铁路工程材料经济运距计算中的应用[J].铁道勘测与设计,2006,2
[43]王立海,李孝玉,李学忠.实行预装的经济运距[J].东北林业大学学报,1991,7
[44]赵恩棠.交通工程常用术语[J].交通工程,1999,2
[45]杨莉.物流中心选址和布局规划的两阶段双层规划模型及解法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006
[46]Daganzo,Carlos.Logistics Systems Analysis.3rd ed.Berlin:Springer.1999
[47]Talley,Wayne.Linkages between transportation infrastructure investment and economic reduction[J];Logistics and Transportation Review;Vancouver:Mar1996.Vol.32,Iss.1;pg145,10pg
[48]Markus Hesse,Logistics and Freight Transport Policy in Urban Areas:A Case Study of Berlin-Brandenburg/Germany[J],European Planning Studies.Abingdon:Oct2004
[49]Flint,Daniel J.Strategic Marketing in Global Supply Chains:Four Challenges.Industrial Marketing Management Volume:33,Issue:1,January,2003
[50]范月娇,张爽.多源多目标环境下配送中心服务半径的确定[J].北京交通人学学报,2007,12
[51]江从发,龚国华.配送中心最佳服务半径分析[J].物流技术,2003,9
[52]刘伟铭.高速公路收费系统理论与方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2000.4:37-38
[53]蔚晓丹.国际平整度指数IRI作为路面平整度评价指标的研究[J].公路交通科技,1999,11
[54]陆化普.交通网络均衡分析的变分不等式方法[J].公路交通科技,1997,6