陶瓷膜过滤技术在拟薄水铝石生产中的应用研究
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摘要
拟薄水铝石作为一种重要的化学品氧化铝产品,目前被应用于石化裂化催化剂(FCC)的生产过程中。该产品具有一定的粘结性和丰富的孔结构,与其他的组分一起对催化剂的活性起到决定性的作用,同时它对催化剂的强度等指标也有一定的影响。目前,中国铝业山东分公司,拟薄水铝石的生产工艺相对稳定,但洗涤过程的工艺和设备相对落后,洗涤水耗偏高,回收率低,自动化程度低,劳动环境恶劣。
为有效解决问题,本研究首先在实验室规模进行了研究,探索了渗透膜、电渗析、超滤膜、微滤膜等几种膜过滤工艺对拟薄水铝石生产过程及产品质量的影响规律。研究结果表明：
1、应用反渗透膜,两级反渗透膜设备的脱盐率比较高,但全过程需要在30℃左右进行。并且有机反渗透膜在碱性条件下的老化问题比较严重；
2、电渗析过程中：浆液温度在35-38℃,流量为200L／h,电场强度应控制在600-900 V／m之间,膜组件为96对为宜；
3、采用0.6μm陶瓷膜过滤效果比较好,处理能力达到1～2m3／m2h,经过对实验数据的比较和筛选,该研究拟采用以无机陶瓷膜过滤作为本工艺过滤技术。
在上述基础上进行了工业化扩大试验,确定了工业化生产路线及技术参数,采用错流过滤平流洗涤的方式,料浆的固含为100g/L左右,温度为70-95℃,设备酸洗周期为30h,酸液浓度为1%。工业化运行结果表明：无机陶瓷膜过滤工艺具有洗涤水耗低,回收率高,流程简单等特点,通过与相关设备公司的合作,全程实现自动化控制,提高了生产效率,改善了工作环境,减少人为质量影响点。目前该工艺应用于生产高品质的特殊要求的高纯拟薄水铝石的生产中。
As a very important chemical aluminum oxides product, pseudoboehmite is widely applied in the preparation of FCC. This production is viscous and enrichment of pored-structure, which can decide the activation of FCC with the other components and also influence the strength of FCC. Up to now, the preparation technology of pseudoboehmite in Shangdong Filiale of Chinese Aluminum Company is relatively stable, but the facilities and washing technology are relatively behind the times, which result in the large amount of the washing water, low rate of recovery, low automaching and low enviromental-friend.
This paper investigated the influence of different membranes and technoloy parameters on the quality of pseudoboehmite firstly in lab. The results showed as following:
1. The desalinization of the equipemnt with two layers reverse osmosis membrane is high, but the process need to be operated at about 30℃, and the organic reverse osmosis membrane gets older seriously in the alkaline condition.
2. The optimum parameters of electrodialysis are 35～38℃temperature,2001/h flowing rate, 600-900 V/m electrical field strength and 96 membrane.
3. The handling capacity of 0.66μm ceramic membrane can be 1-2m3/m2-h. After comparison, the inorganic ceramic membrane is selected to be applied in this study.
Based on the results of the experiments in lab, experiments in industrialization were carried out and the technological route and parameters are detemined:laminar filtration and stratospheric washing, slurry with about 100g/L solid content,70-95℃temperature,30h acid washing period, and 1% acid content. The results of industrial experiments showed that the inorganic ceramic membrane technology has the following properties:low amount of washing water, high rate of recovery, simple operating flow. After co-operation with the according company, the whole processing has been relized to be automatic control, which improves the production efficiency and working environment, lowers human impact. Up to now, the inorganic ceramic membrane technology has been applied in the production of high quality and purity pseudoboehmite.
为有效解决问题,本研究首先在实验室规模进行了研究,探索了渗透膜、电渗析、超滤膜、微滤膜等几种膜过滤工艺对拟薄水铝石生产过程及产品质量的影响规律。研究结果表明：
1、应用反渗透膜,两级反渗透膜设备的脱盐率比较高,但全过程需要在30℃左右进行。并且有机反渗透膜在碱性条件下的老化问题比较严重；
2、电渗析过程中：浆液温度在35-38℃,流量为200L／h,电场强度应控制在600-900 V／m之间,膜组件为96对为宜；
3、采用0.6μm陶瓷膜过滤效果比较好,处理能力达到1～2m3／m2h,经过对实验数据的比较和筛选,该研究拟采用以无机陶瓷膜过滤作为本工艺过滤技术。
在上述基础上进行了工业化扩大试验,确定了工业化生产路线及技术参数,采用错流过滤平流洗涤的方式,料浆的固含为100g/L左右,温度为70-95℃,设备酸洗周期为30h,酸液浓度为1%。工业化运行结果表明：无机陶瓷膜过滤工艺具有洗涤水耗低,回收率高,流程简单等特点,通过与相关设备公司的合作,全程实现自动化控制,提高了生产效率,改善了工作环境,减少人为质量影响点。目前该工艺应用于生产高品质的特殊要求的高纯拟薄水铝石的生产中。
As a very important chemical aluminum oxides product, pseudoboehmite is widely applied in the preparation of FCC. This production is viscous and enrichment of pored-structure, which can decide the activation of FCC with the other components and also influence the strength of FCC. Up to now, the preparation technology of pseudoboehmite in Shangdong Filiale of Chinese Aluminum Company is relatively stable, but the facilities and washing technology are relatively behind the times, which result in the large amount of the washing water, low rate of recovery, low automaching and low enviromental-friend.
This paper investigated the influence of different membranes and technoloy parameters on the quality of pseudoboehmite firstly in lab. The results showed as following:
1. The desalinization of the equipemnt with two layers reverse osmosis membrane is high, but the process need to be operated at about 30℃, and the organic reverse osmosis membrane gets older seriously in the alkaline condition.
2. The optimum parameters of electrodialysis are 35～38℃temperature,2001/h flowing rate, 600-900 V/m electrical field strength and 96 membrane.
3. The handling capacity of 0.66μm ceramic membrane can be 1-2m3/m2-h. After comparison, the inorganic ceramic membrane is selected to be applied in this study.
Based on the results of the experiments in lab, experiments in industrialization were carried out and the technological route and parameters are detemined:laminar filtration and stratospheric washing, slurry with about 100g/L solid content,70-95℃temperature,30h acid washing period, and 1% acid content. The results of industrial experiments showed that the inorganic ceramic membrane technology has the following properties:low amount of washing water, high rate of recovery, simple operating flow. After co-operation with the according company, the whole processing has been relized to be automatic control, which improves the production efficiency and working environment, lowers human impact. Up to now, the inorganic ceramic membrane technology has been applied in the production of high quality and purity pseudoboehmite.
引文
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[9]邢卫红,童金忠,徐南平等.陶瓷微滤膜回收钛白粉水洗液中TiO2颗粒中试与现场考核[J].化学工程,2001,29(3)：44-48.
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[13]郑淑琴,庞新梅,刘宏海等.硫酸铝合成拟薄水铝石英钟的研究及在催化裂化催化剂上的应用[J].化工进展,2002,21(5)：331～333.
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[15]李凯荣,谭克勤,杨祖润等.加氢转化脱硫催化剂载体γ-AL203的改进及对催化剂性能的影响[J],无机盐工业.2003,35(2)：31～34.
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[17]杨清河,李大东,庄福成等.NaAl02.C02法制备拟薄水铝石规律的研究[J].石油炼制 与化工,1999,30(4)：59～63.
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[19]徐南平,刑卫红,赵宜江等.无机膜分离技术与应用[J].北京：化学工业出版社,2003,(3)： 34-164.
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[21]张昭.无机精细化工工艺学(第二版)[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2005：203-293.
[22]高松平,刘有智.陶瓷膜处理含有超细颗粒的乳化悬浮液时膜预处理工艺的研究[J].化学工程师,2005,(8)：29～31.
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[25]徐南平.无机膜在工业废水处理过程中的应用与展望[J].膜科学与技术,2000,(3)：23～28.
[26]钟璟,徐南平,时钧.经自来水污染后的无机陶瓷微滤膜再生方法研究[J].膜科学与技术,1996,16(3)：46-51.
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