二穗短柄草VERNALIZATION1基因的克隆与表达分析及小麦光周期反应的基因芯片分析
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摘要
春化,是指低温对开花的促进作用,春化后的植物不会立刻开花,但会使植物茎端分生组织具有开花的潜能,是一种重要的生理学现象。麦类作物作为重要的粮食作物,其春化作用的分子机理相对于拟南芥来说尚不明确,而本身研究起来困难。二穗短柄草具有春化特性、易转化等特点,作为一个新型禾本科模式植物被用于本实验进行VRN1基因功能的研究。
我们从短柄草中分离出了麦类作物VRN1基因的同源基因,并命名为BdVRN1,其编码序列含有保守的MADS-box和K-box功能域,是MADS-box基因家族成员。通过分析发现BdVRN1基因的非编码序列可能具有重要春化和光周期的调控位点(启动子)和调控结构(内含子)。实时定量和半定量RT-PCR的结果显示,短柄草各植物器官在春化处理后,BdVRN1基因的表达量都有所提高,说明在不同植物器官中BdVRN1都受到了春化诱导;通过不同日照长短春化处理可以发现,无论是长日照还是短日照条件下,BdVRN1基因在春化过程中表达量都呈上升趋势,说明在长日照和短日照条件下BdVRN1基因的表达都能受到春化作用的诱导,但是在放回温室后长日照条件下的BdVRN1基因表达量继续上升,短日照条件下的BdVRN1基因表达量则被抑制,而这两种条件下BdVRN1基因表达量的不同可能最终影响了短柄草的花期以及植株的形态,揭示了BdVRN1基因在春化途径开花调控中起到了重要作用;同时,短柄草BdVRN1基因在不同日照长度条件下的表达方式有所差别,即短柄草BdVRN1基因的表达受到了光周期作用的调控,这种BdVRN1基因表达量的不同可能最终影响了短柄草的开花时间,揭示了BdVRN1基因在光周期途径开花调控中也起到了重要作用;此外,通过对BdVRN1基因昼夜表达调控的分析,表明该基因在不同光照条件下是受到生物节律性调控。以上结果都说明了短柄草的BdVRN1基因受到了春化作用和光周期作用的双重调控,BdVRN1基因的表达量与开花时间紧密相连,表现出一定的相关性,所以BdVRN1基因有可能是影响短柄草开花的重要基因。
小麦在短日照转移长日照时存在一个由长日照诱导产生的成花信号及信号转导途径以启动开花程序,利用Agilent基因芯片(上海伯豪)分析这一过程可以发现差异表达基因,从而鉴定光周期途径的早期反应基因。
根据芯片中基因表达量的变化,筛选出小麦光周期候选基因,通过芯片数据,信号的探针共43603组,用cluster3.0软件进行筛选后共有2173组Fold change≥2的有效数据,占芯片探针总数的5%左右。再根据功能分类,与光周期相关序列分为3组,①受光周期影响持续上调(234个);②受光周期影响上调后又下调(104个);③受光周期影响下调(102个),并对每组数据进行功能分类,推测这些基因可能参与了响应小麦光周期信号的过程。
Vernalization, the requirement of a long exposure to low temperatures to accelerate flowering, after vernalization plants will not immediately flowering,but shoot apical meristem of plants will be had flowering potential,which is an important physiological phenomenon. Wheat as important crops, its molecular mechanism of vernalization relative to Arabidopsis is not yet clear, but studying them is difficult by themself. Brachypodium distachyon L. with characteristics of vernalization and easily transformed will be a new model system for the temperate grasses,and be used in Research about the function of VRN1 gene.
The VRN1 homologs was isolated from Brachypodium, and designated as BdVRN1, which coding sequence of the MADS-box and K-box conserved domains, is a MADS-box gene family member. Non-coding sequence of BdVRN1 gene about promoter and introns which may be important to vernalization and photoperiod. The results of real-time quantitative RT-PCR experiment indicated that through the vernalization treatments, we can find that BdVRN1 gene expression can be improved,indicates that the BdVRN1 gene expression can be regulated in different plant organs by the vernalization; During the vernalization treatment,we find that BdVRN1 gene can be increated under the long-day and short-day conditions together,Indicates that BdVRN1 gene can be induced to expression under LD and SD conditions with vernalization. At the end of the vernalization treatment, BdVRN1 gene is continue increated under the long-day condition, but BdVRN1 gene is depressed under the short-day condition, Uner the two conditions, the different expression of BdVRN1 gene influence flowering time and plant morphology, suggest that BdVRN1 gene by vernalization may play an important role in flowering; Meanwhile, there are some different expressiong of BdVRN1 gene in different continuous conditions about Day Length---BdVRN1 gene function by the regulation of photoperiod. The different expression of BdVRN1 gene influence flowering time and plant morphology, suggest that BdVRN1 gene by photoperiod may also play an important role in flowering; In addition, through the anlysis of the BdVRN1 expression from dark to light, indicates that it can be regulated under different daylength conditions in circandian clock. These results are illustrated that BdVRN1 gene by vernalization and photoperiod effects of dual regulation, BdVRN1 gene expression is closely linked and showed some correlation with the flowering,so BdVRN1 gene may be an important gene affect the Flowering.
The transfer of wheat on the short day to long day condition when there is a induced signal of flowering and a signal pathway to start the flowering process, using Agilent gene chip (Shanghai Bio) analysis of this process may be found differentially expressed genes, which were the early response genes of photoperiod pathway.
According to chip in gene expression changes in selected candidate genes of Photoperiod in wheat,Through the chip data, a total of 43603 group probes have signals, with cluster3.0 software group screened a total of 2173 valid Fold change≥2, accounting for 5% of the total number of probe chips around.Then according to functional classification, and Photoperiod sequences were divided into 3 groups,①continue to rise (234) by Photoperiod;②up then down (104) by Photoperiod;③down (102) by Photoperiod, and each functional classification of the data, suggesting that these genes may be involved in the response of photoperiod signal process in wheat.
我们从短柄草中分离出了麦类作物VRN1基因的同源基因,并命名为BdVRN1,其编码序列含有保守的MADS-box和K-box功能域,是MADS-box基因家族成员。通过分析发现BdVRN1基因的非编码序列可能具有重要春化和光周期的调控位点(启动子)和调控结构(内含子)。实时定量和半定量RT-PCR的结果显示,短柄草各植物器官在春化处理后,BdVRN1基因的表达量都有所提高,说明在不同植物器官中BdVRN1都受到了春化诱导;通过不同日照长短春化处理可以发现,无论是长日照还是短日照条件下,BdVRN1基因在春化过程中表达量都呈上升趋势,说明在长日照和短日照条件下BdVRN1基因的表达都能受到春化作用的诱导,但是在放回温室后长日照条件下的BdVRN1基因表达量继续上升,短日照条件下的BdVRN1基因表达量则被抑制,而这两种条件下BdVRN1基因表达量的不同可能最终影响了短柄草的花期以及植株的形态,揭示了BdVRN1基因在春化途径开花调控中起到了重要作用;同时,短柄草BdVRN1基因在不同日照长度条件下的表达方式有所差别,即短柄草BdVRN1基因的表达受到了光周期作用的调控,这种BdVRN1基因表达量的不同可能最终影响了短柄草的开花时间,揭示了BdVRN1基因在光周期途径开花调控中也起到了重要作用;此外,通过对BdVRN1基因昼夜表达调控的分析,表明该基因在不同光照条件下是受到生物节律性调控。以上结果都说明了短柄草的BdVRN1基因受到了春化作用和光周期作用的双重调控,BdVRN1基因的表达量与开花时间紧密相连,表现出一定的相关性,所以BdVRN1基因有可能是影响短柄草开花的重要基因。
小麦在短日照转移长日照时存在一个由长日照诱导产生的成花信号及信号转导途径以启动开花程序,利用Agilent基因芯片(上海伯豪)分析这一过程可以发现差异表达基因,从而鉴定光周期途径的早期反应基因。
根据芯片中基因表达量的变化,筛选出小麦光周期候选基因,通过芯片数据,信号的探针共43603组,用cluster3.0软件进行筛选后共有2173组Fold change≥2的有效数据,占芯片探针总数的5%左右。再根据功能分类,与光周期相关序列分为3组,①受光周期影响持续上调(234个);②受光周期影响上调后又下调(104个);③受光周期影响下调(102个),并对每组数据进行功能分类,推测这些基因可能参与了响应小麦光周期信号的过程。
Vernalization, the requirement of a long exposure to low temperatures to accelerate flowering, after vernalization plants will not immediately flowering,but shoot apical meristem of plants will be had flowering potential,which is an important physiological phenomenon. Wheat as important crops, its molecular mechanism of vernalization relative to Arabidopsis is not yet clear, but studying them is difficult by themself. Brachypodium distachyon L. with characteristics of vernalization and easily transformed will be a new model system for the temperate grasses,and be used in Research about the function of VRN1 gene.
The VRN1 homologs was isolated from Brachypodium, and designated as BdVRN1, which coding sequence of the MADS-box and K-box conserved domains, is a MADS-box gene family member. Non-coding sequence of BdVRN1 gene about promoter and introns which may be important to vernalization and photoperiod. The results of real-time quantitative RT-PCR experiment indicated that through the vernalization treatments, we can find that BdVRN1 gene expression can be improved,indicates that the BdVRN1 gene expression can be regulated in different plant organs by the vernalization; During the vernalization treatment,we find that BdVRN1 gene can be increated under the long-day and short-day conditions together,Indicates that BdVRN1 gene can be induced to expression under LD and SD conditions with vernalization. At the end of the vernalization treatment, BdVRN1 gene is continue increated under the long-day condition, but BdVRN1 gene is depressed under the short-day condition, Uner the two conditions, the different expression of BdVRN1 gene influence flowering time and plant morphology, suggest that BdVRN1 gene by vernalization may play an important role in flowering; Meanwhile, there are some different expressiong of BdVRN1 gene in different continuous conditions about Day Length---BdVRN1 gene function by the regulation of photoperiod. The different expression of BdVRN1 gene influence flowering time and plant morphology, suggest that BdVRN1 gene by photoperiod may also play an important role in flowering; In addition, through the anlysis of the BdVRN1 expression from dark to light, indicates that it can be regulated under different daylength conditions in circandian clock. These results are illustrated that BdVRN1 gene by vernalization and photoperiod effects of dual regulation, BdVRN1 gene expression is closely linked and showed some correlation with the flowering,so BdVRN1 gene may be an important gene affect the Flowering.
The transfer of wheat on the short day to long day condition when there is a induced signal of flowering and a signal pathway to start the flowering process, using Agilent gene chip (Shanghai Bio) analysis of this process may be found differentially expressed genes, which were the early response genes of photoperiod pathway.
According to chip in gene expression changes in selected candidate genes of Photoperiod in wheat,Through the chip data, a total of 43603 group probes have signals, with cluster3.0 software group screened a total of 2173 valid Fold change≥2, accounting for 5% of the total number of probe chips around.Then according to functional classification, and Photoperiod sequences were divided into 3 groups,①continue to rise (234) by Photoperiod;②up then down (104) by Photoperiod;③down (102) by Photoperiod, and each functional classification of the data, suggesting that these genes may be involved in the response of photoperiod signal process in wheat.
引文
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