煤炭运销工作流管理系统的设计与实现
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摘要
随着国家对煤炭市场的放开,煤炭企业的竞争变得越来越激烈,运销工作对煤炭企业的发展至关重要,已成为企业在新的市场环境中生存的根本。传统的基于手工和单业务系统的管理和运作模式,在协调多个人的活动方面存在着严重的不足,已经越来越不适应市场发展的需要。如何利用先进的信息技术和网络技术优化业务流程、提高工作效率,快速响应市场需求,是煤炭企业普遍关心的问题。
工作流管理系统WfMS(Workflow Management System)是目前企业管理系统中十分流行的一种形式,大多数的工作流管理系统在全面协调业务过程中的各个环节,使之按照一定的顺序自动化进行方面均能起到良好的作用并产生效益。在国外,已有很多成功实施WfMS并为企业创造效益的例子;在国内,也有很多企业开始实施WfMS,并且为企业创造了不俗的业绩。因而,煤炭企业实施工作流管理系统是十分有意义的。
本文以山东玲珑集团煤炭运销工作为背景,主要介绍了煤炭运销工作流管理系统的设计和实现。首先进行了系统的需求分析,接着开始讨论系统的实施方案和实现方法。在系统设计部分,提出了系统的建设任务,然后确定系统的结构、总体框架、数据库、系统安全和各功能模块的设计。在系统实现部分,首先论述了开发的平台和运行环境,然后介绍了系统的数据连接、类库说明,详细分析了系统各功能模块的业务流程和实现方法。此系统将工作流技术和Web技术与煤炭运销工作相结合,实现了煤炭运销工作有效有序地自动化进行;实践证明,本系统解决了原煤炭运销工作中封闭的运作方式的问题,极大地提高了工作效率。
With open to market, coal enterprise faces more and more fierce competition , coal sale affairs play an important role in the development of the enterprise, which becomes basic element to survive in the new market environment. The traditional way of contact in business which depended on handwork and isolated system have become less adaptive to the demand of market development, which is grave deficiency in harmonizing many people activity. How to optimize the business process, improve the efficient of work by making use of the advanced information technology and network technology, consequently keep ahead under the fierce competition in the market is the problem that the modern coal enterprise popularly concerned about.
Workflow Management System is a kind of popular form in the current enterprise management information systems. Most of the WfMS help the enterprise to coordinate all aspects of the process of coal sale affairs by calling the relevant information resources, go automatically, efficient according to the certain order. There are many examples that the enterprises abroad carried out WfMS successfully and created profits. Many domestic enterprises come into effect as well, and reached remarkable accomplishment. As a result, the implementing of WfMS system in coal enterprise is very meaningful.
The paper mainly introduces the design and implementation of workflow management system based on coal sale affairs of Shandong Linglong coal company. The article first expounds system requirement, the design and development process gradually. In design part, it introduces the mission of this WfMS, the structure of the system, the establishment of system database, security issues and the solutions of system. In development part, it analyzes environment to code and run, data connection and library classes description, analyzed the business processes of each functional module and realization method of system in detail. This WfMS designs on workflow technology, Web technology combined with the coal sale affairs, implements coal sale affairs go automatically, efficient according to the certain order. The facts prove that the WfMS solves the problem in close operational method, increases the labor productivity.
工作流管理系统WfMS(Workflow Management System)是目前企业管理系统中十分流行的一种形式,大多数的工作流管理系统在全面协调业务过程中的各个环节,使之按照一定的顺序自动化进行方面均能起到良好的作用并产生效益。在国外,已有很多成功实施WfMS并为企业创造效益的例子;在国内,也有很多企业开始实施WfMS,并且为企业创造了不俗的业绩。因而,煤炭企业实施工作流管理系统是十分有意义的。
本文以山东玲珑集团煤炭运销工作为背景,主要介绍了煤炭运销工作流管理系统的设计和实现。首先进行了系统的需求分析,接着开始讨论系统的实施方案和实现方法。在系统设计部分,提出了系统的建设任务,然后确定系统的结构、总体框架、数据库、系统安全和各功能模块的设计。在系统实现部分,首先论述了开发的平台和运行环境,然后介绍了系统的数据连接、类库说明,详细分析了系统各功能模块的业务流程和实现方法。此系统将工作流技术和Web技术与煤炭运销工作相结合,实现了煤炭运销工作有效有序地自动化进行;实践证明,本系统解决了原煤炭运销工作中封闭的运作方式的问题,极大地提高了工作效率。
With open to market, coal enterprise faces more and more fierce competition , coal sale affairs play an important role in the development of the enterprise, which becomes basic element to survive in the new market environment. The traditional way of contact in business which depended on handwork and isolated system have become less adaptive to the demand of market development, which is grave deficiency in harmonizing many people activity. How to optimize the business process, improve the efficient of work by making use of the advanced information technology and network technology, consequently keep ahead under the fierce competition in the market is the problem that the modern coal enterprise popularly concerned about.
Workflow Management System is a kind of popular form in the current enterprise management information systems. Most of the WfMS help the enterprise to coordinate all aspects of the process of coal sale affairs by calling the relevant information resources, go automatically, efficient according to the certain order. There are many examples that the enterprises abroad carried out WfMS successfully and created profits. Many domestic enterprises come into effect as well, and reached remarkable accomplishment. As a result, the implementing of WfMS system in coal enterprise is very meaningful.
The paper mainly introduces the design and implementation of workflow management system based on coal sale affairs of Shandong Linglong coal company. The article first expounds system requirement, the design and development process gradually. In design part, it introduces the mission of this WfMS, the structure of the system, the establishment of system database, security issues and the solutions of system. In development part, it analyzes environment to code and run, data connection and library classes description, analyzed the business processes of each functional module and realization method of system in detail. This WfMS designs on workflow technology, Web technology combined with the coal sale affairs, implements coal sale affairs go automatically, efficient according to the certain order. The facts prove that the WfMS solves the problem in close operational method, increases the labor productivity.
引文
[1]张广钦.信息管理教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2005:25,65.
[2]郭西进.选煤厂CIMS环境下管理信息系统的分析设计应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:62,99.
[3]周兴铭,徐明.信息化社会的基石:计算机[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000:34,65.
[4]赵志明.关于煤炭企业管理信息化的规划方略[J].煤炭经济研究,2003(4):48.
[5]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述[J].软件学报,2000(7):47,55.
[6]张涛,战洪飞,孙静,等.基于Web的企业工作流管理系统的研究[J].计算机应用研究,2002(5):130,133.
[7]Leymann F.,A.Itenhuber W.,1994,Managing business processes as an information resource.IBM Systems Journal,33(2),326,348.
[8]Ellis C.A.,Nutt G.J.,1993,Modeling and enactment of workflow systems,In:Marsan Aed Application and Theory of Petri Nets.Lecture Notes in Computer Science,May,1,16.
[9]Wil van der Aalst,Kees van Hee,Workflow Management:Models,Methods and Systems.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004.
[10]Geppert A.,Tombros D.,Dittrich K.R.,1998,Defining the semantics of reactive components in event driven workflow execution with event histories,Information Systems,23(34):235,252.
[11]Davulcu H.,Kifer M.,Ramakrishnan C.,etal.,1998,Logic bashed modeling and analysis of workflows.In:Proceedings of the ACM Symposium in PODS'98,Seattle,USA,March:25,33.
[12]Casati F.,Grefen P.,Pemici B.etal.,1996,WIDE:workflow model and architecture.Technical Report,University of Twente,(8):22,56.
[13]李红臣,史美林.工作流模型及其形式化描述[J].计算机学报,2003,26(11):1456,1463.
[14]Workflow Management Coalition Standard.Workflow Process Definition Interface—XML Process Definition Language[J].Document Number WFMC-TC-1025 Document Status-1.0 October 25,2002.
[15]Knutilla A.,Schlenoff C.,RayS etal.,1998,Process specification language:analysis of existing representations.Technical Report,NISTIR,Gaithersburg,MD:National Institute of Standards and Technology,December,12,29.
[16]IBM,BEA Systems,Microsoft,SAP AG,Siebel Systems:Business Process Execution Language for Web Services version 1.1[EB/OL].http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/specification/ws-bpel/.2002-07-30.
[17]朱其亮,郑斌.CORBA原理及应用[M].北京:北京邮电学院出版社,2001:20,46.
[18]史美林,杨光信,向勇,伍尚广.一个基于Web的工作流管理系统[J].软件学报,1999,10(11):1148,1155.
[19]DEEPAK ALUR(美).J2EE核心模式[M].2版.刘天北等,译.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:48,164
[20]Stuart Robbins.Lessons in Grid Computing:The System Is a Mirror[M].长春:吉林长白山出版社,2006:13,25.
[21]E.Berlino,E.Ferrari,V.Atluri.,1999,The Specification and Enforcement of Authorization Constraints in Workflow Management Systems.ACM Transactions on Information and System Security,Vol.2,No.1,65,104.
[22]Sheth A.,Kochu K.,Miller J.Large scale distributed information systems laboratory[EB/OL],http://isdis.cs.uga.edu/Projects/#METEOR,2004:11,22.
[23]范玉顺,吴澄.一种多实例工作流模式的解决方案[J].软件学报,2002,13(4):833,839.
[24]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2000,6(1):1,7.
[25]李伟平,范玉顺.工作流技术在ERP系统中的应用[J].高技术通讯,2004,14(164):56,61.
[26]龚能,李玉顺,史美林.协作环境中的关键技术研究[J].计算机科学,2005,32(9):230,233.
[27]龚晓庆,张远军,郝克刚.分布式工作流系统实现技术分析[J].西安工业学院学报,2003,23(1):87,90.
[28]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001,23,33
[29]徐明发,聂承启.基于面向对象技术的知识表示模式[J].江西师范大 学学报(自然科学版),1997,21(2):136,141.
[30]范玉顺.工作流技术基础.北京:清华大学出版社[M].2001:33,59.
[31]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述软件学报[J].2000,11(7):89,97.
[32]石伟,范玉顺,吴澄.CIMS应用集成平台中的工作流技术研究[J].北京:清华大学学报,1998(8):33,38.
[33]冯峰,王小刚.OAS中的工作流设计方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2000(3):91,93.
[34]杜旭,杨宗凯.基于工作流对象的网络办公软件设计[J].计算机应用研究,2000,36(3):88,90.
[35]傅勇,王元珍.工作流技术在办公自动化系统中的应用研究[J].小型微型计算机系统,2001,22(6):663,665.
[36]Mary E.S.Loomis,1992,Clint-Server Architecture.Journal of Object-Oriented Programming,Vol.6,No.4,40,44.
[37]Wil van der Aalst,Kees van Hee(荷兰).工作流管理——模型方法和系统[M].王建民,译.北京:清华大学出版社.2004:78,157.
[38]北京义驰美迪技术开发有限责任公司编.LOTUS NOTES R5函数和命令全集[M].北京:海洋出版社,2001.
[39]David Hol lingsworth,The Workflow Reference Model[M].Workflow management Coalition,1995:1,55.
[40]李长树.办公自动化系统的设计方法与实施策略[J].计算机应用研究,2000(7):47,50.
[41]北京义驰美迪技术开发有限责任公司编.LOTUS NOTES R5编程指南[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[42]Andrew Troelsen.C#与.NET2.0高级程序设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.
[43]马利克(美).ADO.NET2.0高级程序设计[M].汤涛,邰晓翠,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[44]A.Russell Jones.ASP.NET与C#从入门到精通[M].Mastering ASP.NET with C#.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.
[45]迪尤逊(英).SQL Server 2005基础教程[M].董明等,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006:12.
[2]郭西进.选煤厂CIMS环境下管理信息系统的分析设计应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:62,99.
[3]周兴铭,徐明.信息化社会的基石:计算机[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000:34,65.
[4]赵志明.关于煤炭企业管理信息化的规划方略[J].煤炭经济研究,2003(4):48.
[5]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述[J].软件学报,2000(7):47,55.
[6]张涛,战洪飞,孙静,等.基于Web的企业工作流管理系统的研究[J].计算机应用研究,2002(5):130,133.
[7]Leymann F.,A.Itenhuber W.,1994,Managing business processes as an information resource.IBM Systems Journal,33(2),326,348.
[8]Ellis C.A.,Nutt G.J.,1993,Modeling and enactment of workflow systems,In:Marsan Aed Application and Theory of Petri Nets.Lecture Notes in Computer Science,May,1,16.
[9]Wil van der Aalst,Kees van Hee,Workflow Management:Models,Methods and Systems.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004.
[10]Geppert A.,Tombros D.,Dittrich K.R.,1998,Defining the semantics of reactive components in event driven workflow execution with event histories,Information Systems,23(34):235,252.
[11]Davulcu H.,Kifer M.,Ramakrishnan C.,etal.,1998,Logic bashed modeling and analysis of workflows.In:Proceedings of the ACM Symposium in PODS'98,Seattle,USA,March:25,33.
[12]Casati F.,Grefen P.,Pemici B.etal.,1996,WIDE:workflow model and architecture.Technical Report,University of Twente,(8):22,56.
[13]李红臣,史美林.工作流模型及其形式化描述[J].计算机学报,2003,26(11):1456,1463.
[14]Workflow Management Coalition Standard.Workflow Process Definition Interface—XML Process Definition Language[J].Document Number WFMC-TC-1025 Document Status-1.0 October 25,2002.
[15]Knutilla A.,Schlenoff C.,RayS etal.,1998,Process specification language:analysis of existing representations.Technical Report,NISTIR,Gaithersburg,MD:National Institute of Standards and Technology,December,12,29.
[16]IBM,BEA Systems,Microsoft,SAP AG,Siebel Systems:Business Process Execution Language for Web Services version 1.1[EB/OL].http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/specification/ws-bpel/.2002-07-30.
[17]朱其亮,郑斌.CORBA原理及应用[M].北京:北京邮电学院出版社,2001:20,46.
[18]史美林,杨光信,向勇,伍尚广.一个基于Web的工作流管理系统[J].软件学报,1999,10(11):1148,1155.
[19]DEEPAK ALUR(美).J2EE核心模式[M].2版.刘天北等,译.北京:机械工业出版社,2005:48,164
[20]Stuart Robbins.Lessons in Grid Computing:The System Is a Mirror[M].长春:吉林长白山出版社,2006:13,25.
[21]E.Berlino,E.Ferrari,V.Atluri.,1999,The Specification and Enforcement of Authorization Constraints in Workflow Management Systems.ACM Transactions on Information and System Security,Vol.2,No.1,65,104.
[22]Sheth A.,Kochu K.,Miller J.Large scale distributed information systems laboratory[EB/OL],http://isdis.cs.uga.edu/Projects/#METEOR,2004:11,22.
[23]范玉顺,吴澄.一种多实例工作流模式的解决方案[J].软件学报,2002,13(4):833,839.
[24]范玉顺,吴澄.工作流管理技术研究与产品现状及发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2000,6(1):1,7.
[25]李伟平,范玉顺.工作流技术在ERP系统中的应用[J].高技术通讯,2004,14(164):56,61.
[26]龚能,李玉顺,史美林.协作环境中的关键技术研究[J].计算机科学,2005,32(9):230,233.
[27]龚晓庆,张远军,郝克刚.分布式工作流系统实现技术分析[J].西安工业学院学报,2003,23(1):87,90.
[28]范玉顺.工作流管理技术基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001,23,33
[29]徐明发,聂承启.基于面向对象技术的知识表示模式[J].江西师范大 学学报(自然科学版),1997,21(2):136,141.
[30]范玉顺.工作流技术基础.北京:清华大学出版社[M].2001:33,59.
[31]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄.工作流技术综述软件学报[J].2000,11(7):89,97.
[32]石伟,范玉顺,吴澄.CIMS应用集成平台中的工作流技术研究[J].北京:清华大学学报,1998(8):33,38.
[33]冯峰,王小刚.OAS中的工作流设计方法[J].计算机工程与应用,2000(3):91,93.
[34]杜旭,杨宗凯.基于工作流对象的网络办公软件设计[J].计算机应用研究,2000,36(3):88,90.
[35]傅勇,王元珍.工作流技术在办公自动化系统中的应用研究[J].小型微型计算机系统,2001,22(6):663,665.
[36]Mary E.S.Loomis,1992,Clint-Server Architecture.Journal of Object-Oriented Programming,Vol.6,No.4,40,44.
[37]Wil van der Aalst,Kees van Hee(荷兰).工作流管理——模型方法和系统[M].王建民,译.北京:清华大学出版社.2004:78,157.
[38]北京义驰美迪技术开发有限责任公司编.LOTUS NOTES R5函数和命令全集[M].北京:海洋出版社,2001.
[39]David Hol lingsworth,The Workflow Reference Model[M].Workflow management Coalition,1995:1,55.
[40]李长树.办公自动化系统的设计方法与实施策略[J].计算机应用研究,2000(7):47,50.
[41]北京义驰美迪技术开发有限责任公司编.LOTUS NOTES R5编程指南[M].北京:海洋出版社,2003.
[42]Andrew Troelsen.C#与.NET2.0高级程序设计[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006.
[43]马利克(美).ADO.NET2.0高级程序设计[M].汤涛,邰晓翠,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2007.
[44]A.Russell Jones.ASP.NET与C#从入门到精通[M].Mastering ASP.NET with C#.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.
[45]迪尤逊(英).SQL Server 2005基础教程[M].董明等,译.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006:12.