吉林省溜河地区遥感地质找矿信息提取及成矿预测研究
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摘要
溜河地区位于华北地台北缘东段槽台接合部的台区一侧,北西向夹皮沟控矿构造带贯穿全区,成矿地质条件优越,具有很大的找矿潜力。但由于其地处森林覆盖区,自然环境恶劣,交通不便,因而找矿难度也较大。充分发挥遥感技术的优势与先导作用,在此地区进行综合成矿预测研究,直接指导下一轮地质找矿工作,是一种十分有效且具普适性的快速工作方法。
本文利用TM、ETM、SPOT5多光谱遥感数据,通过遥感影像特征和波段数据特征值统计分析,应用遥感信息分离提取技术,提取出与金属矿化有关的蚀变信息,并在区域成矿地质背景和成矿条件综合分析的基础上,进行成矿预测研究,取得了如下主要研究成果:
1、为了提高研究成果的实用性,本文利用TM、ETM、SPOT5遥感数据,对溜河地区首次以1/5万尺度进行了全面系统的遥感调查解译与成矿信息提取研究,为在此地区部署新一轮地质找矿工作提供了新的基础资料和科学依据。
2、以研究区已有的地质资料和各类岩石地层的常规影像特征为基础,通过典型地段的野外路线调查,以及标本的薄片鉴定,建立了遥感影像解译标志,同时也重新厘定了部分构造岩浆的界线,从而系统地完成了研究区的遥感地质解译。
3、结合研究区已有的地质矿产资料,提取了遥感蚀变信息,并采用特征主成分分析法和比值法,分别提取出了与金属矿化有关的铁化异常、泥化异常,同时通过均值滤波、最优密度分割等方法处理,对遥感异常进行了分类分级。
4、在上述研究工作的基础上,建立了遥感信息综合找矿模型,确定了遥感综合成矿预测流程。通过对重点地段的遥感异常查证,以及对已知矿床(点)的检查和综合分析,深入了解了遥感异常的区域分布规律及与矿产的内在联系,圈定出了10处成矿预测区,其中,一级预测区4处、二级预测区4处、三级预测区2处。
The research district lies in the northern margin of the north China plate .The north-western Jiapigou structure goes across the whole district.It has superior ore-forming geological condition, and the great ore prospecting potential. However, the ore prospecting is very difficult because of the harsh natural environment and inconvenient transportation of the district which cover heavy with the forest. Giving full play of remote sensing technology superiority and the leading function in this area is a rapid method that is very effective and applicability to conduct the synthesis mineralization forecast research and direct next round geology prospecting work.
This article applied the remote sensing information separating extraction technology to extract alteration information related to the mineralization and the mineral which used the TM、ETM、SPOT5 multi-spectra remote sensing data, through the remote sensing image characteristic and statistical analysis of the band data characteristic value, combining with measurement and study of field rock mineral spectrum. Base on the region mineralization geology background and the mineralization condition generalized analysis,it conducts the ore prospecting research. The major findings are as follows:
1. In order to enhance the usability of the research results, this article first carried on the comprehensive system remote sensing investigate interpretation and mineralization information extraction of Liuhe district with 1:50000 used TM、ETM、SPOT5 multi-spectra remote sensing data, then provided the new basic information and scientific basis for deploying the new turn of geological prospecting work in this area.
2. Based on the studies of the geological data and the conventional image characteristic of rock stratum, through typical land sector field route investigation and geological field survey, as well as the specimen thin section analysis, the remote sensing image interpretation keys was formed, And the lithology of partial stratigraphy were also redefined.This article systematically completed the remote sensing geology interpretation of research area.
3. The remote sensing altered anomaly was distilled including the geological minerals material which has known in this area, sector rock mineral actual spectrum contrast analysis. And this article separately extracted iron oxide anomalies and argillation anomalies related to metal mineralized by using the characteristic principal components analytic method and the ratio method. Through the average value filter and most superior density separation and other methods, the remote sensing anomaly was classified.
4. On the basis of the above studies, the remote sensing anomaly regional distribution rule and inner linking with the minerals were deep understood by the verification of the key location and the analysis of the known mineral deposit, 10 ore prospecting area was selected which include 4Ⅰ-grade,4Ⅱ-grade,2Ⅲ-grade prospecting districts.
本文利用TM、ETM、SPOT5多光谱遥感数据,通过遥感影像特征和波段数据特征值统计分析,应用遥感信息分离提取技术,提取出与金属矿化有关的蚀变信息,并在区域成矿地质背景和成矿条件综合分析的基础上,进行成矿预测研究,取得了如下主要研究成果:
1、为了提高研究成果的实用性,本文利用TM、ETM、SPOT5遥感数据,对溜河地区首次以1/5万尺度进行了全面系统的遥感调查解译与成矿信息提取研究,为在此地区部署新一轮地质找矿工作提供了新的基础资料和科学依据。
2、以研究区已有的地质资料和各类岩石地层的常规影像特征为基础,通过典型地段的野外路线调查,以及标本的薄片鉴定,建立了遥感影像解译标志,同时也重新厘定了部分构造岩浆的界线,从而系统地完成了研究区的遥感地质解译。
3、结合研究区已有的地质矿产资料,提取了遥感蚀变信息,并采用特征主成分分析法和比值法,分别提取出了与金属矿化有关的铁化异常、泥化异常,同时通过均值滤波、最优密度分割等方法处理,对遥感异常进行了分类分级。
4、在上述研究工作的基础上,建立了遥感信息综合找矿模型,确定了遥感综合成矿预测流程。通过对重点地段的遥感异常查证,以及对已知矿床(点)的检查和综合分析,深入了解了遥感异常的区域分布规律及与矿产的内在联系,圈定出了10处成矿预测区,其中,一级预测区4处、二级预测区4处、三级预测区2处。
The research district lies in the northern margin of the north China plate .The north-western Jiapigou structure goes across the whole district.It has superior ore-forming geological condition, and the great ore prospecting potential. However, the ore prospecting is very difficult because of the harsh natural environment and inconvenient transportation of the district which cover heavy with the forest. Giving full play of remote sensing technology superiority and the leading function in this area is a rapid method that is very effective and applicability to conduct the synthesis mineralization forecast research and direct next round geology prospecting work.
This article applied the remote sensing information separating extraction technology to extract alteration information related to the mineralization and the mineral which used the TM、ETM、SPOT5 multi-spectra remote sensing data, through the remote sensing image characteristic and statistical analysis of the band data characteristic value, combining with measurement and study of field rock mineral spectrum. Base on the region mineralization geology background and the mineralization condition generalized analysis,it conducts the ore prospecting research. The major findings are as follows:
1. In order to enhance the usability of the research results, this article first carried on the comprehensive system remote sensing investigate interpretation and mineralization information extraction of Liuhe district with 1:50000 used TM、ETM、SPOT5 multi-spectra remote sensing data, then provided the new basic information and scientific basis for deploying the new turn of geological prospecting work in this area.
2. Based on the studies of the geological data and the conventional image characteristic of rock stratum, through typical land sector field route investigation and geological field survey, as well as the specimen thin section analysis, the remote sensing image interpretation keys was formed, And the lithology of partial stratigraphy were also redefined.This article systematically completed the remote sensing geology interpretation of research area.
3. The remote sensing altered anomaly was distilled including the geological minerals material which has known in this area, sector rock mineral actual spectrum contrast analysis. And this article separately extracted iron oxide anomalies and argillation anomalies related to metal mineralized by using the characteristic principal components analytic method and the ratio method. Through the average value filter and most superior density separation and other methods, the remote sensing anomaly was classified.
4. On the basis of the above studies, the remote sensing anomaly regional distribution rule and inner linking with the minerals were deep understood by the verification of the key location and the analysis of the known mineral deposit, 10 ore prospecting area was selected which include 4Ⅰ-grade,4Ⅱ-grade,2Ⅲ-grade prospecting districts.
引文
[1]吉林省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1988,515-529.
[2]王润生等.矿产资源调查评价中遥感新方法新技术应用研究[M].中国地质调查局国土资源大调查项目报告,2002,1-15.
[3]G.R.Hunt and J.W.Salisloury,Visibal & Near-infrared Spectra of Rocks and Minerals,Modern Geology[J].1974,5(1):15-22.
[4] D.Rokos etc..Structural Analysis for Gold mineralization Using Remote Sensing and Geochemical Techniques in a GIS Environment:Island of Lesvos,Hellas.Natural Resource,2000,9(4):277-293.
[5]刘燕君.遥感找矿的原理和方法[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1991,78-80.
[6]杨自安等.化探与遥感信息在青海两兰地区找矿预测中的应用.地质与勘探[J].2003,39(6):42-45.
[7]何国金,胡德永.从TM图像中直接提取金矿化信息.遥感技术与应用,1995,10(3):51-54.
[8]马建文.利用TM数据提取含金蚀变带的方法研究—以冀北东卯地区为例.国土资源遥感[J].1994,20(2):41-45.
[9]朱嘉伟等.金矿遥感异常信息自动提取方法研究及其应用.国土资源遥感,1998,36(2):45-51.
[10]张玉君.基岩裸露区蚀变岩遥感信息的提取方法.国土资源遥感,1998,36(2):46-53.
[11]吴健生.基于遥感图像提取矿化蚀变信息.有色金属矿产与勘查,1999,8(6):604-606.
[12]刘庆生.内蒙哈达门沟金矿区山前钾化带遥感信息提取.遥感技术与应用,1999,(3):7-11.
[13]甘甫平,王润生,江思宏,等.基于完全谱形特征的成像光谱遥感岩矿识别技术及其应用〔J〕.地质科学,2000,35(3):376-384.
[14]陈赶良,杨柏林.黔桂地区微细浸染金矿遥感找矿研究.环境遥感,1996,11(2):88-93.
[15]赵福岳等.1∶25万遥感地质填图方法和技术[M].地质出版社,2002.
[16]阎积惠.TM像地质应用原理与方法[M].冶金工业版出版社,1995.
[17]庄堵仁.遥感技术及地质应用研究[M].地质出版社,1985.
[18]朱亮璞.遥感地质学[M].地质出版社,1984.
[19]刘燕君.遥感地质学基础[M].科学文献出版社,1990.
[20]许殿元.遥感图像信息处理[M].宇航出版社,1990. [16]翟裕生.大型构造与超大型矿床[M].地质出版社,1997.
[21]何国金等.从TM图像中直接提取金矿化信息.遥感技术与应用,1995,(3):50-54.
[22]F萨宾.遥感图像原理与解译[M].地质出版社,1980.
[23]陈华慧等.遥感地质学.地质出版社,1984.
[24]姜建军等.烟囱桥子金矿田东西向剪切带遥感影像特征及其控矿作用研究.黄金地质[J].2007,5(28):14-17.
[25]何绍勋.韧性剪切带与成矿[M].地质出版社,1996.
[26]刘允良等.剪切带的遥感特征研究[M].吉林科学技术出版社,1992.
[27]杨世喻.云南锡矿遥感地质找矿模型[M].云南科技出版社,1994.
[28]黄林日等.辽西建平北部金矿TM信息提取及成矿预测[J].长春科技大学学报,2001,31(4),345-348.
[29]黄林日等.溜河地区金矿找矿的遥感信息提取及研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32(4),359-363.
[2]王润生等.矿产资源调查评价中遥感新方法新技术应用研究[M].中国地质调查局国土资源大调查项目报告,2002,1-15.
[3]G.R.Hunt and J.W.Salisloury,Visibal & Near-infrared Spectra of Rocks and Minerals,Modern Geology[J].1974,5(1):15-22.
[4] D.Rokos etc..Structural Analysis for Gold mineralization Using Remote Sensing and Geochemical Techniques in a GIS Environment:Island of Lesvos,Hellas.Natural Resource,2000,9(4):277-293.
[5]刘燕君.遥感找矿的原理和方法[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1991,78-80.
[6]杨自安等.化探与遥感信息在青海两兰地区找矿预测中的应用.地质与勘探[J].2003,39(6):42-45.
[7]何国金,胡德永.从TM图像中直接提取金矿化信息.遥感技术与应用,1995,10(3):51-54.
[8]马建文.利用TM数据提取含金蚀变带的方法研究—以冀北东卯地区为例.国土资源遥感[J].1994,20(2):41-45.
[9]朱嘉伟等.金矿遥感异常信息自动提取方法研究及其应用.国土资源遥感,1998,36(2):45-51.
[10]张玉君.基岩裸露区蚀变岩遥感信息的提取方法.国土资源遥感,1998,36(2):46-53.
[11]吴健生.基于遥感图像提取矿化蚀变信息.有色金属矿产与勘查,1999,8(6):604-606.
[12]刘庆生.内蒙哈达门沟金矿区山前钾化带遥感信息提取.遥感技术与应用,1999,(3):7-11.
[13]甘甫平,王润生,江思宏,等.基于完全谱形特征的成像光谱遥感岩矿识别技术及其应用〔J〕.地质科学,2000,35(3):376-384.
[14]陈赶良,杨柏林.黔桂地区微细浸染金矿遥感找矿研究.环境遥感,1996,11(2):88-93.
[15]赵福岳等.1∶25万遥感地质填图方法和技术[M].地质出版社,2002.
[16]阎积惠.TM像地质应用原理与方法[M].冶金工业版出版社,1995.
[17]庄堵仁.遥感技术及地质应用研究[M].地质出版社,1985.
[18]朱亮璞.遥感地质学[M].地质出版社,1984.
[19]刘燕君.遥感地质学基础[M].科学文献出版社,1990.
[20]许殿元.遥感图像信息处理[M].宇航出版社,1990. [16]翟裕生.大型构造与超大型矿床[M].地质出版社,1997.
[21]何国金等.从TM图像中直接提取金矿化信息.遥感技术与应用,1995,(3):50-54.
[22]F萨宾.遥感图像原理与解译[M].地质出版社,1980.
[23]陈华慧等.遥感地质学.地质出版社,1984.
[24]姜建军等.烟囱桥子金矿田东西向剪切带遥感影像特征及其控矿作用研究.黄金地质[J].2007,5(28):14-17.
[25]何绍勋.韧性剪切带与成矿[M].地质出版社,1996.
[26]刘允良等.剪切带的遥感特征研究[M].吉林科学技术出版社,1992.
[27]杨世喻.云南锡矿遥感地质找矿模型[M].云南科技出版社,1994.
[28]黄林日等.辽西建平北部金矿TM信息提取及成矿预测[J].长春科技大学学报,2001,31(4),345-348.
[29]黄林日等.溜河地区金矿找矿的遥感信息提取及研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2002,32(4),359-363.