基于GIS的成兰铁路地质灾害危险性评估研究
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摘要
成兰铁路地处我国四川省和甘肃省境内,线路所在区域山势巍峨,河谷深切,地势险峻,自然生态环境脆弱。线路穿越岷江断裂带、西秦岭断裂带和发生过"5.12”强烈地震的龙门山断裂带,三大岩性复杂出露,大地构造复杂,内外动力地质作用强烈。区域历经多次地震,诱发大量次生地质灾害,造成铁路沿线崩塌、岩堆、滑坡、泥石流等不良地质灾害比比皆是。因此,对区域内地质灾害进行危险性评估,以及对区域内地质灾害进行科学高效的管理,能够为地质灾害的防治及铁路综合选线的信息化提供有力支撑。
本论文在野外地质调查及资料收集的基础上,根据成兰铁路地质灾害实际情况,在对地震次生地质灾害影响因素的分析后,综合选取影响地震次生地质灾害危险程度的评价指标,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,运用物元分析原理建立了地质灾害危险性评估物元模型,完成了对成兰铁路沿线典型工点的危险性评估工作,并利用GIS的图像显示功能实现对评估结果的可视化输出,为成兰铁路综合选线提供参考。
论文还详细介绍了研究区地质灾害信息管理系统的设计与开发过程,系统采用GIS二次开发技术及数据库技术进行开发工作,实现了对研究区地质灾害信息的可视化显示、查询检索及综合管理,提高了地质灾害信息管理的效率。
Chen-Lan railroad lies in Sichuan province and Gansu province in China where have steep mountains, deep valleys, complex terrain, and vulnerable natural environment. This line also cut across Minjiang fault zone and West qinling fault zone and Longmenshan fault zone where'5.12'earthquake happened.In those fault zones, The lithology is complicated and tectonic conditions is complicated. Both internal and external dynamics are intense there. Due to several earthquakes and large amount of geological disasters induced by those, large-scale landslides, talus, avalanche, debris flow and other geological disasters happened frequently along the railroad. Thus, the hazard evaluation and efficient management to those geological disasters can provide informative supports to prevention and control of the disasters as well as route selection.
By collecting and investigating environmental historic materials, this thesis takes analysis the factors and selects the evaluation indicators affecting the disasters based on the ground truth of disasters in Chen-Lan railroad. The Matter-Element evaluation model to weigh the hazard of disasters is constructed based on the Matter-Element analysis. Then the evaluation of hazard of secondary geological disasters is also presented and those results is visualized by GIS with its powerful ability in displaying.
The details in design and development of information management system concerning regional geological disasters are discussed here. This system takes advantage of database techniques and secondary development techniques in GIS. The implement of visualization of regional geological disasters information, searching and management improve the efficiency of information management in geological disasters.
本论文在野外地质调查及资料收集的基础上,根据成兰铁路地质灾害实际情况,在对地震次生地质灾害影响因素的分析后,综合选取影响地震次生地质灾害危险程度的评价指标,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,运用物元分析原理建立了地质灾害危险性评估物元模型,完成了对成兰铁路沿线典型工点的危险性评估工作,并利用GIS的图像显示功能实现对评估结果的可视化输出,为成兰铁路综合选线提供参考。
论文还详细介绍了研究区地质灾害信息管理系统的设计与开发过程,系统采用GIS二次开发技术及数据库技术进行开发工作,实现了对研究区地质灾害信息的可视化显示、查询检索及综合管理,提高了地质灾害信息管理的效率。
Chen-Lan railroad lies in Sichuan province and Gansu province in China where have steep mountains, deep valleys, complex terrain, and vulnerable natural environment. This line also cut across Minjiang fault zone and West qinling fault zone and Longmenshan fault zone where'5.12'earthquake happened.In those fault zones, The lithology is complicated and tectonic conditions is complicated. Both internal and external dynamics are intense there. Due to several earthquakes and large amount of geological disasters induced by those, large-scale landslides, talus, avalanche, debris flow and other geological disasters happened frequently along the railroad. Thus, the hazard evaluation and efficient management to those geological disasters can provide informative supports to prevention and control of the disasters as well as route selection.
By collecting and investigating environmental historic materials, this thesis takes analysis the factors and selects the evaluation indicators affecting the disasters based on the ground truth of disasters in Chen-Lan railroad. The Matter-Element evaluation model to weigh the hazard of disasters is constructed based on the Matter-Element analysis. Then the evaluation of hazard of secondary geological disasters is also presented and those results is visualized by GIS with its powerful ability in displaying.
The details in design and development of information management system concerning regional geological disasters are discussed here. This system takes advantage of database techniques and secondary development techniques in GIS. The implement of visualization of regional geological disasters information, searching and management improve the efficiency of information management in geological disasters.
引文
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[6]杜军,杨青华,严嘉等.基于GIS与信息量模型的汶川次生地质灾害危险性评价[J].地球科学：中国地质大学学报,2010(2)：324-330.
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[26]周卫.Arc/Info的新型数据模型[J].地图,2001(3).
[27]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,等.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16)：2792-2797.
[28]向灵芝,崔鹏,张建强,等.汶川县地震诱发崩滑灾害影响因素的敏感性分析[J][J].四川大学学报：工程科学版,2010,42(5)：105-112.
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[30]冯克忠. ArcObjects开发指南：VB篇[M].电子工业出版社,2007.
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[32]Molnar D K,Julien P Y. Estimation of upland erosion using GIS[J]. Computers & Geosciences,1998,24(2):183-192.
[33]蒋波涛.插件式GIS应用框架的设计与实现：基于C#和ArcGIS Engine 9.2[M].电子工业出版社,2008.
[34]刘铮,吴小萍,牟瀚林.基于组件式GIS的铁路绿色选线决策支持系统研究.中国铁道科学,2009(2)：1-6.
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[37]Xiao-dong W. Design of geo-hazards database based on GIS [J][J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science),2007,3:006.
[38]Jing-Lian W. Data preparation and database design for information system on geological disaster [J][J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2002,1:010.
[39]廖丽琼.基于GIS的铁路工程地质信息系统的构建[J].四川地质学报,2001,21(3)：44-47.
[40]张晓东,王明生.GIS在铁路勘测设计一体化中的应用[J].石家庄铁道学院学报,2006.19(3).
[41]Hejlsberg A, Wiltamuth S, Golde P. C# language specification[M]. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.,2003.
[42]Parker S, Specialist III GIS. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS[J].2008.
[43]Carrara A, Cardinali M, Detti R, et al. GIS techniques and statistical models in evaluating landslide hazard[J]. Earth surface processes and landforms,1991,16(5): 427-445.
[44]Ohlmacher G C, Davis J C. Using multiple logistic regression and GIS technology to predict landslide hazard in northeast Kansas, USA[J]. Engineering Geology,2003,69(3):331-343.
[45]朱良峰,殷坤龙.基于GIS技术的区域地质灾害信息分析系统研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2001,12(3)：79-83.
[46]马寅生,张业成,张春山,等.地质灾害风险评价的理论与方法[J].地质力学学报,2004,10(1).
[47]陈亚丽.西南某铁路次生地质灾害危险性评价预测研究[D].西南交通大学,2012.
[48]Evans S G, Aitken J D, Wetmiller R J, et al. A rock avalanche triggered by the October 1985 North Nahanni earthquake, District of Mackenzie, NWT[J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1987,24(1):176-184.
[49]Prestininzi A, Romeo R. Earthquake-induced ground failures in Italy [J]. Engineering geology,2000,58(3):387-397.
[50]Arctur D, Zeiler M. Designing geodatabases:case studies in GIS data modeling[M]. Esri Press,2004.
[51]Keeper D K. Landslides caused by earthquakes[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95(4):406-421.
[52]Reddy M, Leclerc Y, Iverson L, et al. TerraVision II:Visualizing massive terrain databases in VRML [J]. Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE,1999, 19(2):30-38.
[53]MIAO D, HU F, LI H. Design and Implementation of Soil Pollution Evaluation and Management Information System Based on.NET and ArcGIS Engine[J]. Bulletin of Science and Technology,2011,2:029.
[54]李福建.基于GIS的我国海岸带地质灾害基础信息管理系统的设计与实现[D][D].中国海洋大学,2010.
[55]XIE C, WANG W. Highway Geologic hazards information remote inquire system based on ArcGIS [J]. Railway Computer Application,2008,3:001.
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[2]Lin M L, Tung C C.A GIS-based potential analysis of the landslides induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake [J]. Engineering Geology,2004,71(1):63-77.
[3]Garcia-Rodriguez M J, Malpica J A, Benito B, et al. Susceptibility assessment of earthquake-triggered landslides in El Salvador using logistic regression[J]. Geomorphology,2008,95(3):172-191.
[4]Kamp U, Growley B J, Khattak G A, et al. GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping for the 2005 Kashmir earthquake region[J]. Geomorphology,2008,101(4): 631-642.
[5]龚士良.地震次生地质灾害风险评估集对态势分析[J].四川地质学报,2010,30(001)：118-122.
[6]杜军,杨青华,严嘉等.基于GIS与信息量模型的汶川次生地质灾害危险性评价[J].地球科学：中国地质大学学报,2010(2)：324-330.
[7]褚庆全,李林.地理信息系统(GIS)在农业上的应用及其发展趋势[J].中国农业科技导报,2003,5(1)：22-26.
[8]陈延辉,甘泉.基于计算机技术的GIS技术发展趋势探讨[J].煤炭技术,2013,32(001)：265-266.
[9]黄润秋.面向21世纪地质环境管理及地质灾害评价的信息技术[J].国土资源科技管理,2001,3：31-34.
[10]范强.插件式GIS在地质灾害信息管理系统中的应用[D].成都理工大学,2010.
[11]罗晓梅.GIS技术在暴雨泥石流减灾预报中的运用[J].山地研究,1998, 16(1)：73-76.
[12]刘怡芬,胡瑞林.“京津唐地质灾害预测防治计算机辅助决策系统研制”科研工作进展介绍[J].中国地质,1994,5：008.
[13]王文杰.基于MAPGIS的地质灾害管理与评价系统的研究与开发[D].太原理工大学,2007.
[14]彭涛,王博,崔春光.基于物元模型的区域暴雨诱发地质灾害评估[J].中国气象学会2008年年会极端天气气候事件与应急气象服务分会场论文集,2008.
[15]蔡文.物元模型及其应用[M].科学技术文献出版社,1994.
[16]张虹波,刘黎明,张军连,等.区域土地资源生态安全评价的物元模型构建及应用[J].浙江大学学报：农业与生命科学版,2007,33(2)：222-229.
[17]范大凯,吴健平.基于MapX的GIS应用开发实例[J].东北测绘,2001,24(2)：31-35.
[18]宋扬,李见为,曾航,等.基于组件式地理信息系统的二次开发[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2000,6：121-123.
[19]萨师煊,王珊.数据库系统概论[M].高等教育出版社,2000.
[20]邬伦,刘瑜,张晶.地理信息系统——方法,原理和应用[J].2001：47-49.
[21]罗晓梅.GIS技术在暴雨泥石流减灾预报中的运用[J].山地研究,1998,16(1)：73-76.
[22]刘怡芬,胡瑞林.“京津唐地质灾害预测防治计算机辅助决策系统研制”科研工作进展介绍[J].中国地质,1994,5：008.
[23]陈述鹏,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论[J].2000.
[24]Michael Z. Modeling Our World[J]. The ESRI Guide to Geo,2002.
[25]吴秀芹,张洪岩.ARCGIS 9地理信息系统应用与实践(下册).清华大 学出版社[J].2007：3-10.
[26]周卫.Arc/Info的新型数据模型[J].地图,2001(3).
[27]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,等.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16)：2792-2797.
[28]向灵芝,崔鹏,张建强,等.汶川县地震诱发崩滑灾害影响因素的敏感性分析[J][J].四川大学学报：工程科学版,2010,42(5)：105-112.
[29]王莲芬,许树柏,层次分析.层次分析法引论[M].中国人民大学出版社,1990.
[30]冯克忠. ArcObjects开发指南：VB篇[M].电子工业出版社,2007.
[31]谢跟踪.GIS在区域生态环境信息系统研究中的应用[M].中国环境科学出版社,2004.
[32]Molnar D K,Julien P Y. Estimation of upland erosion using GIS[J]. Computers & Geosciences,1998,24(2):183-192.
[33]蒋波涛.插件式GIS应用框架的设计与实现：基于C#和ArcGIS Engine 9.2[M].电子工业出版社,2008.
[34]刘铮,吴小萍,牟瀚林.基于组件式GIS的铁路绿色选线决策支持系统研究.中国铁道科学,2009(2)：1-6.
[35]Bell D. C for Students[M]. Addison-Wesley Professional,2009.
[36]Tao L X W F P. Design and Realization of Query Information System Based on ArcGIS Engine [J][J]. Metal Mine,2008,2:031.
[37]Xiao-dong W. Design of geo-hazards database based on GIS [J][J]. Journal of Henan Polytechnic University (Natural Science),2007,3:006.
[38]Jing-Lian W. Data preparation and database design for information system on geological disaster [J][J]. Coal Geology & Exploration,2002,1:010.
[39]廖丽琼.基于GIS的铁路工程地质信息系统的构建[J].四川地质学报,2001,21(3)：44-47.
[40]张晓东,王明生.GIS在铁路勘测设计一体化中的应用[J].石家庄铁道学院学报,2006.19(3).
[41]Hejlsberg A, Wiltamuth S, Golde P. C# language specification[M]. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc.,2003.
[42]Parker S, Specialist III GIS. GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS[J].2008.
[43]Carrara A, Cardinali M, Detti R, et al. GIS techniques and statistical models in evaluating landslide hazard[J]. Earth surface processes and landforms,1991,16(5): 427-445.
[44]Ohlmacher G C, Davis J C. Using multiple logistic regression and GIS technology to predict landslide hazard in northeast Kansas, USA[J]. Engineering Geology,2003,69(3):331-343.
[45]朱良峰,殷坤龙.基于GIS技术的区域地质灾害信息分析系统研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2001,12(3)：79-83.
[46]马寅生,张业成,张春山,等.地质灾害风险评价的理论与方法[J].地质力学学报,2004,10(1).
[47]陈亚丽.西南某铁路次生地质灾害危险性评价预测研究[D].西南交通大学,2012.
[48]Evans S G, Aitken J D, Wetmiller R J, et al. A rock avalanche triggered by the October 1985 North Nahanni earthquake, District of Mackenzie, NWT[J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1987,24(1):176-184.
[49]Prestininzi A, Romeo R. Earthquake-induced ground failures in Italy [J]. Engineering geology,2000,58(3):387-397.
[50]Arctur D, Zeiler M. Designing geodatabases:case studies in GIS data modeling[M]. Esri Press,2004.
[51]Keeper D K. Landslides caused by earthquakes[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95(4):406-421.
[52]Reddy M, Leclerc Y, Iverson L, et al. TerraVision II:Visualizing massive terrain databases in VRML [J]. Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE,1999, 19(2):30-38.
[53]MIAO D, HU F, LI H. Design and Implementation of Soil Pollution Evaluation and Management Information System Based on.NET and ArcGIS Engine[J]. Bulletin of Science and Technology,2011,2:029.
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