超宽带印刷缝隙和空气介质天线的研究
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摘要
无线通信系统的迅猛发展带来了天线行业的勃勃生机,各种军事需求也推动着天线设计的不断更新。近年来,超宽带小型化天线已成为国际天线研究的前沿之一。本论文对超宽带缝隙天线和空气介质劈形天线作了较深入的研究,提出了几种创新性设计,并进行了实验验证。论文主要包括以下内容。首先,对宽带微带天线和空气介质天线的研究现状进行了综述,并介绍了用于
分析这些天线的时域有限差分法、有限元法、矩量法等数值计算方法,给出了这些方法的比较。
其次,提出一种新型带扇形馈源的印刷缝隙天线,比已有国内外文献中的同类形天线具有更宽的阻抗带宽,达114%,其比带宽为3.65:1且方向图稳定;在此基础上,通过分形结构的引入,对扇形馈源进行分形设计,进一步提高了天线带宽。
第三,本章在前章天线的基础上,提出一种超宽带高增益印刷缝隙天线,通过引入金属反射板和附加圆形贴片,不但达到了天线单向辐射,而且获得102%的阻抗带宽,在频带内测得5.5dB到7.8dB增益,并通过延伸介质基片而具有较宽的波束宽度。
第四,采用劈形空气介质与树叶形贴片,实现了8.8:1的比带宽(反射损失不大于-10dB),覆盖3.05GHz至26.8GHz频率范围。
The rapid development in the wireless communication systems has led to the prosperity of antennas and various military requirements also have promoted the renew of antenna designs.
Recently the ultra-broadband antenna has been one of the international research frontiers. In this dissertation, a deeper study on ultra-broadband slot antennas and air substrate antennas are presented, in which a few of novel designs are proposed and the experimental verifications are also given. The dissertation will include the following contents.
Firstly, a survey on the broadband microstrip antennas and the air substrate antennas is presented. Then the numerical methods such as the Finite-Different Time-Domain Method (FDTD), the Finite Element Method (FEM), the Method of Moments (MoM) and so on are introduced .In addition, their comparison are given.
Secondly, a novel printed slot antenna fed by a fan-shaped microstrip feed is proposed, which has wider bandwidth than that of other slot antennas reported in literature, reaching 114%, with the ratio bandwidth of 3.65:1,and also has a stable radiation pattern. By inducing fractal structure in fan-shaped microstrip feed, a wider bandwidth is also achieved.
Thirdly, based on the design of the above antenna, a ultra-broadband and high-gain printed slot antenna is presented .By inducting a ground plane and a circular patch, not only the mono-direction radiation but also a 102% impedance bandwidth are achieved with the measured antenna gain of 5.5dB to 7.8dB over the entire bandwidth. Moreover, the antenna is of a wider beam width by extending the dielectric substrate.
Fourthly, an ultra-broadband patch antenna using a wedge-shaped air dielectric substrate is introduced .Its experimental ratio bandwidth of S11≤–10dB reaches 8.8:1,covering frequencies from 3.05GHz to 26.87GHz .
分析这些天线的时域有限差分法、有限元法、矩量法等数值计算方法,给出了这些方法的比较。
其次,提出一种新型带扇形馈源的印刷缝隙天线,比已有国内外文献中的同类形天线具有更宽的阻抗带宽,达114%,其比带宽为3.65:1且方向图稳定;在此基础上,通过分形结构的引入,对扇形馈源进行分形设计,进一步提高了天线带宽。
第三,本章在前章天线的基础上,提出一种超宽带高增益印刷缝隙天线,通过引入金属反射板和附加圆形贴片,不但达到了天线单向辐射,而且获得102%的阻抗带宽,在频带内测得5.5dB到7.8dB增益,并通过延伸介质基片而具有较宽的波束宽度。
第四,采用劈形空气介质与树叶形贴片,实现了8.8:1的比带宽(反射损失不大于-10dB),覆盖3.05GHz至26.8GHz频率范围。
The rapid development in the wireless communication systems has led to the prosperity of antennas and various military requirements also have promoted the renew of antenna designs.
Recently the ultra-broadband antenna has been one of the international research frontiers. In this dissertation, a deeper study on ultra-broadband slot antennas and air substrate antennas are presented, in which a few of novel designs are proposed and the experimental verifications are also given. The dissertation will include the following contents.
Firstly, a survey on the broadband microstrip antennas and the air substrate antennas is presented. Then the numerical methods such as the Finite-Different Time-Domain Method (FDTD), the Finite Element Method (FEM), the Method of Moments (MoM) and so on are introduced .In addition, their comparison are given.
Secondly, a novel printed slot antenna fed by a fan-shaped microstrip feed is proposed, which has wider bandwidth than that of other slot antennas reported in literature, reaching 114%, with the ratio bandwidth of 3.65:1,and also has a stable radiation pattern. By inducing fractal structure in fan-shaped microstrip feed, a wider bandwidth is also achieved.
Thirdly, based on the design of the above antenna, a ultra-broadband and high-gain printed slot antenna is presented .By inducting a ground plane and a circular patch, not only the mono-direction radiation but also a 102% impedance bandwidth are achieved with the measured antenna gain of 5.5dB to 7.8dB over the entire bandwidth. Moreover, the antenna is of a wider beam width by extending the dielectric substrate.
Fourthly, an ultra-broadband patch antenna using a wedge-shaped air dielectric substrate is introduced .Its experimental ratio bandwidth of S11≤–10dB reaches 8.8:1,covering frequencies from 3.05GHz to 26.87GHz .
引文
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