提高三聚氰胺甲醛浸渍树脂耐磨性的研究
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摘要
随着科学技术的突飞猛进以及生活水平的不断提高,人们对居住环境品质的要求越来越高。木质地板作为室内地面装饰材料,受到众多消费者的喜爱。其中以三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF树脂)浸渍纸饰面的浸渍纸层压木质地板发展最为迅速,已成为我国木地板市场中份额最大的主力产品。浸渍纸层压木质地板以MF树脂为浸渍树脂,MF树脂虽硬度高,具有一定的耐磨性,但作为地板的饰面材料,其耐磨性还相差甚远。为了提高浸渍纸层压木质地板的耐磨性,通常是在饰面装饰纸上再覆盖一层耐磨纸。本文为简化生产工序,试图将耐磨材料直接加入MF树脂中,并对此进行了较为系统的研究。
先优选改性剂制备较为稳定的MF树脂,再分别采用微米和纳米两种级别的无机物加入MF树脂进行改性。探讨MF树脂的浸渍工艺、MF树脂浸渍装饰板的压贴工艺、无机物在MF树脂中的超声分散工艺以及无机物对MF树脂耐磨性的影响。并用接触角测定仪测定MF树脂的接触角,分析无机耐磨材料对MF树脂湿润性的影响,再用傅里叶红外光谱和差示扫描量热法分析MF树脂在改性过程中的变化,探讨MF树脂耐磨性提高的机理。
本研究最终确定的MF树脂耐磨改性的方法是:装饰纸先用纯MF树脂浸透,再用总用量为30 g/m2的经硅烷偶联剂KH570偶联处理过的纳米二氧化硅HTSi-03与经亲水处理的纳米三氧化二铝HTAl-06以1:2的重量比复合改性的MF树脂中涂布在浸渍纸上,总浸胶量为480%,烘干至预固化度为55%-60%后,在热压温度150℃、单位压力2.5MPa、热压时间60s的条件下,压贴成MF树脂浸渍装饰纸层压板的表面质量与耐磨性能均能达到国家标准GB/T18102-2007“浸渍纸层压木质地板”中的要求,其中耐磨性能可以达到其规定的家用Ⅱ级,即耐磨转数≥4000转的要求。
With the rapid development of science and technology and living standard, people have a higher requirement about the quality of their living conditions. Wood flooring has become quite popular as indoor ground decoration materials, one of which is the laminate floor covering decorated with melamino-formaldehyde resin(MF) impregnated paper, which has developed fastest and become the main product of Chinese wooding floor market. MF is used as the impregnated resin of the laminate floor covering, which has a certain degree of abrasion resistance but not enough as the flooring decoration material. Resin impregnated paper laminate is covered with wear a resisting paper to enhance the abrasion resistance. In order to simplify the process, a systematically study on the abrasion resistance enhancement of melamino-formaldehyde impregnation resin was conducted in this paper.
Choose the best modifier to prepare more stable MF resin, and micron-sized and nano-sized inorganic were added respectively to MF resin to modify its abrasion resistance. The effect of impregnation process, hot-pressing process, ultrasonic dispersion process and the inorganic on the abrasion resistance of MF resin was studied. The contact angle was measured to analyse the effect of the inorganic on the wettability of MF resin. FTIR and DSC were used to analyse the abrasion resistance enhancement mechanism of MF resin.
The definitive way to modify the abrasion resistance of MF resin was as below: first, impregnate the decorative paper with pure MF resin completely, then composite the silane coupling agent KH570 coupling treated nano-silica HTSi-03 and the hydrophilic treated nano-aluminum oxide HTAl-06at the ratio of 1:2 at the dosage of 30 g/m2 to MF resin, coat which on the pure MF impregnated decorative paper with the total resin content 480%. Dry it until its pre-curing degree is in the range of 55% -60%, then hot press it on the MDF under the condition that temperature of 150℃, unit pressure of 2.5MPa and pressing time 40 seconds to make MF resin impregnated paper laminate, whose wear-resisting revolution can be up to 4300 turn, exceeding the domestic gradeⅡprovisions in the national standard GB/T18102-2007, and the surface quality could be up to the relevant national standards.
先优选改性剂制备较为稳定的MF树脂,再分别采用微米和纳米两种级别的无机物加入MF树脂进行改性。探讨MF树脂的浸渍工艺、MF树脂浸渍装饰板的压贴工艺、无机物在MF树脂中的超声分散工艺以及无机物对MF树脂耐磨性的影响。并用接触角测定仪测定MF树脂的接触角,分析无机耐磨材料对MF树脂湿润性的影响,再用傅里叶红外光谱和差示扫描量热法分析MF树脂在改性过程中的变化,探讨MF树脂耐磨性提高的机理。
本研究最终确定的MF树脂耐磨改性的方法是:装饰纸先用纯MF树脂浸透,再用总用量为30 g/m2的经硅烷偶联剂KH570偶联处理过的纳米二氧化硅HTSi-03与经亲水处理的纳米三氧化二铝HTAl-06以1:2的重量比复合改性的MF树脂中涂布在浸渍纸上,总浸胶量为480%,烘干至预固化度为55%-60%后,在热压温度150℃、单位压力2.5MPa、热压时间60s的条件下,压贴成MF树脂浸渍装饰纸层压板的表面质量与耐磨性能均能达到国家标准GB/T18102-2007“浸渍纸层压木质地板”中的要求,其中耐磨性能可以达到其规定的家用Ⅱ级,即耐磨转数≥4000转的要求。
With the rapid development of science and technology and living standard, people have a higher requirement about the quality of their living conditions. Wood flooring has become quite popular as indoor ground decoration materials, one of which is the laminate floor covering decorated with melamino-formaldehyde resin(MF) impregnated paper, which has developed fastest and become the main product of Chinese wooding floor market. MF is used as the impregnated resin of the laminate floor covering, which has a certain degree of abrasion resistance but not enough as the flooring decoration material. Resin impregnated paper laminate is covered with wear a resisting paper to enhance the abrasion resistance. In order to simplify the process, a systematically study on the abrasion resistance enhancement of melamino-formaldehyde impregnation resin was conducted in this paper.
Choose the best modifier to prepare more stable MF resin, and micron-sized and nano-sized inorganic were added respectively to MF resin to modify its abrasion resistance. The effect of impregnation process, hot-pressing process, ultrasonic dispersion process and the inorganic on the abrasion resistance of MF resin was studied. The contact angle was measured to analyse the effect of the inorganic on the wettability of MF resin. FTIR and DSC were used to analyse the abrasion resistance enhancement mechanism of MF resin.
The definitive way to modify the abrasion resistance of MF resin was as below: first, impregnate the decorative paper with pure MF resin completely, then composite the silane coupling agent KH570 coupling treated nano-silica HTSi-03 and the hydrophilic treated nano-aluminum oxide HTAl-06at the ratio of 1:2 at the dosage of 30 g/m2 to MF resin, coat which on the pure MF impregnated decorative paper with the total resin content 480%. Dry it until its pre-curing degree is in the range of 55% -60%, then hot press it on the MDF under the condition that temperature of 150℃, unit pressure of 2.5MPa and pressing time 40 seconds to make MF resin impregnated paper laminate, whose wear-resisting revolution can be up to 4300 turn, exceeding the domestic gradeⅡprovisions in the national standard GB/T18102-2007, and the surface quality could be up to the relevant national standards.
引文
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[5]武丽华.关于人造板高耐磨固化液体表层的探讨[J].吉林林业科技,2000,29(1):74-76.
[6]程瑞香.耐磨复合地板的研究[J].木材加工机械,2008(2):26-27.
[7]沈春彦.高耐磨浸渍纸及其生产工艺的研究[J].林业科技开发,2001,15(4):33-34.
[8]李晓秀,周萍,淦洪等.湿法耐磨层技术在强化木地板生产中的应用[J].林业科技,2001, 26(3):43-44.
[9]何泽龙.我国强化木地板发展现状与技术创新[J].人造板通讯,2002,12:6-8.
[10]彭立民.“液体耐磨”新型树脂的开发[J].人造板通讯,2002,9:22-23.
[11]李晓秀,张长武,张立芝等.湿法耐磨层技术生产强化木地板所用三聚氰胺树脂的研制[J].林业科技.2007,32(6):45-46.
[12]陈智.低压短周期饰面人造板技术[J].人造板通讯,2002(2):9-11.
[13]李晓平.木材胶粘剂实用技术[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社,2003.
[14]张志利,蔡祖红.强化木地板表层耐磨纸喷涂工艺探讨[J].中国人造板,2008(9):19-20.
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[16] LY/T1143-93,饰面用浸渍胶膜纸[S].
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