具有AIEE效应的官能化硅烷的设计、合成与性能研究
摘要
聚集诱导发光(AIE)指的是,在溶液中无发光性质的有机化合物在聚集态或固态下具有发光的现象。聚集诱导发光增强(AIEE)指的是,与溶液发光相比,发光分子在聚集态或固态下具有更强发光效率的现象。常见的荧光化合物,尽管在溶液中具有较高的荧光量子效率,由于分子间相互作用会导致固体荧光效率降低。AIE/AIEE现象的发现,可以从根本上克服化合物这种聚集诱导猝灭(ACQ)的缺点,从而利于光电材料的设计与应用。官能化硅烷,即硅原子上带有官能团的小分子有机硅化合物。与传统的有机化合物小分子相比,官能化硅烷通常具有热稳定性高,光学纯度高等优异的光电性质,同时由于其合成方法简单,故被广泛应用于有机发光器件(OLEDs)、化学传感、生物标记等各个领域。因此,本文希望发展一系列新型的具有AIE/AIEE性质的腈基官能化硅烷,并研究其AIE/AIEE的机理,同时探索此类官能化硅烷的潜在应用。基于此研究目的,本课题开展了如下工作：
1.合成了两种腈基官能化硅烷,二(4-腈苯基乙炔基)二甲基硅烷(CN-1)和二(4-腈苯基乙炔基)二苯基硅烷(CN-2)。利用红外、核磁、元素分析、高分辨质谱及X射线单晶衍射对最终产物进行表征与结构分析,提供了一条将氰基官能团引入到硅烷中的有效途径。为了研究两种苯乙炔基桥连的氰基官能化硅烷的AIEE性质,测试其在水/四氢呋喃混合溶液的荧光发射光谱、紫外吸收光谱及聚集态下的电镜形貌,比较了4-氰基苯乙炔基团及硅核对此类化合物光学行为的影响。同时,通过单晶结构与分子轨道的理论计算尝试对AIEE现象进行机理解释。另外,基于氰基官能化硅烷的荧光发光行为,通过荧光滴定实验,测试了氰基官能化硅烷对TNT的荧光响应,希望发展一种高灵敏度的TNT检测方法。
2.为了扩大AIE/AIEE体系的种类,首先合成了一系列溴苯基硅烷的前躯体,再通过Suzuki高效反应制备一系列不同枝数、不同取代基的二联苯桥连氰基官能化硅烷：二(4-腈基二联苯基)二甲基硅烷、二(4-腈基二联苯基)二苯基硅烷、三(4-腈基二联苯基)甲基硅烷、三(4-腈基二联苯基)苯基硅烷、四(4-腈基二联苯基)硅烷。利用红外、核磁、元素分析及高分辨质谱对产物进行结构表征与分析,并通过TGA和DSC测试这一系列的氰基官能化硅烷的热稳定性。紫外-可见吸收及荧光性能测试表明,这些ACQ化合物具有特殊的AIEE效应。进一步研究表明,这些化合物在紫外到蓝光区域有很强的荧光发射与较高的固体荧光量子效率,并且具有较低的HOMO能级(6.57eV到6.79eV)与较大的]HOMO-LUMO能量差(约4.74eV),故可作为空穴阻挡材料或蓝光发光材料应用于有机电致发光领域。另外,基于氰基官能化硅烷的光学行为,测试了其对二苯胺(DPA)的荧光与紫外响应,希望发展一种高灵敏度的DPA检测方法。
Owing to the intermolecular interactions and the corresponding nonradiative decay, the fluorescence efficiency of organic luminescent materials often decreases in the solid state. This aggregation-caused emission quenching (ACQ) has seriously obstructed advancement in the development of efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), chemosensors, biosensors, etc. To overcome this problem, considerable research has focused on the synthesis of compounds possessing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties. These solid-state, highly emissive organic materials are regarded as competitive candidates for practical use as highly emissive materials, and seem especially ideal for OLEDs. Functionalized silanes are defined as the small organosilicon compounds with functional groups, and compared to conventional carbon compounds, they have many advantages, such as more accessible synthesis, high thermal stability and high color purity. Thus they have been applied in extensive areas, including organic light emitting devices, chemical sensors or biosensors and so on. In this dissertation, investigations have been carried out and focused on the design, synthesis, AIEE properties and application of cyano functionalized silanes. The main contents are as follows:
1. Two kinds of phenylethynyl-bridged cyano functionalized silanes, namely, bis(4-cyanophenylethynyl)dimethylsilane (CN-1) and bis(4-cyanophenylethynyl)diphenylsilane (CN-2), have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR, NMR, elementary analysis, HRMS and XRD, which provides a method to introduce cyano group into functionalized silanes. To investigate the AIEE property, the fluorescent behaviors, UV-vis absorption spectra and SEM were measured in the mixture solution of water/THF. By comparison with4-((trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)benzonitrile (1) and4-ethynybenzonitrile (2),4-cyanophenylethynyl unit is found to be the structure base to induce the AIEE phenomenon and the silicon core may enhance the AIEE effect. By crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculation, the AIEE mechanism was tried to obtain. Moreover, both CN-1and CN-2showed the obvious quenching response for2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in THF solution, indicating their practical application in explosive detection for TNT.
2. To broden the AIE/AIEE compounds, a series of diphenyl-bridged cyano functionalized silanes, namely, bis(4-cyanodiphenyl)dimethylsilane (2me), bis(4-cyanodiphenyl)diphenylsilane (2ph), tri(4-cyanodiphenyl)methylsilane (3me), tri(4-cyanodiphenyl)phenylsilane(3ph) and tetra(4-cyanodiphenyl)silane (4ph) have been synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction using bromophenyl silanes as the starting materials. These compounds were well characterized by FTIR, NMR, elementary analysis and HRMS, and the thermal stability was measured by TGA and DSC. The optical analysis shows that these cyano functionalized silanes have unique AIEE property. These compounds are fluorescent with emission in the region of violet to blue, and possess large HOMO-LUMO energy gaps ranging from4.7377eV to4.7481eV. Thus they could be potentially used as blue emitters or hole blocking materials in OLEDs. Furthermore, these compounds all showed the obvious fluorescence quenching and ultraviolet (UV) absorption enhancement response for diphenylamine (DPA) in dicholomethane solution, indicating their potentially practical application in DPA detection.
1.合成了两种腈基官能化硅烷,二(4-腈苯基乙炔基)二甲基硅烷(CN-1)和二(4-腈苯基乙炔基)二苯基硅烷(CN-2)。利用红外、核磁、元素分析、高分辨质谱及X射线单晶衍射对最终产物进行表征与结构分析,提供了一条将氰基官能团引入到硅烷中的有效途径。为了研究两种苯乙炔基桥连的氰基官能化硅烷的AIEE性质,测试其在水/四氢呋喃混合溶液的荧光发射光谱、紫外吸收光谱及聚集态下的电镜形貌,比较了4-氰基苯乙炔基团及硅核对此类化合物光学行为的影响。同时,通过单晶结构与分子轨道的理论计算尝试对AIEE现象进行机理解释。另外,基于氰基官能化硅烷的荧光发光行为,通过荧光滴定实验,测试了氰基官能化硅烷对TNT的荧光响应,希望发展一种高灵敏度的TNT检测方法。
2.为了扩大AIE/AIEE体系的种类,首先合成了一系列溴苯基硅烷的前躯体,再通过Suzuki高效反应制备一系列不同枝数、不同取代基的二联苯桥连氰基官能化硅烷：二(4-腈基二联苯基)二甲基硅烷、二(4-腈基二联苯基)二苯基硅烷、三(4-腈基二联苯基)甲基硅烷、三(4-腈基二联苯基)苯基硅烷、四(4-腈基二联苯基)硅烷。利用红外、核磁、元素分析及高分辨质谱对产物进行结构表征与分析,并通过TGA和DSC测试这一系列的氰基官能化硅烷的热稳定性。紫外-可见吸收及荧光性能测试表明,这些ACQ化合物具有特殊的AIEE效应。进一步研究表明,这些化合物在紫外到蓝光区域有很强的荧光发射与较高的固体荧光量子效率,并且具有较低的HOMO能级(6.57eV到6.79eV)与较大的]HOMO-LUMO能量差(约4.74eV),故可作为空穴阻挡材料或蓝光发光材料应用于有机电致发光领域。另外,基于氰基官能化硅烷的光学行为,测试了其对二苯胺(DPA)的荧光与紫外响应,希望发展一种高灵敏度的DPA检测方法。
Owing to the intermolecular interactions and the corresponding nonradiative decay, the fluorescence efficiency of organic luminescent materials often decreases in the solid state. This aggregation-caused emission quenching (ACQ) has seriously obstructed advancement in the development of efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), chemosensors, biosensors, etc. To overcome this problem, considerable research has focused on the synthesis of compounds possessing aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties. These solid-state, highly emissive organic materials are regarded as competitive candidates for practical use as highly emissive materials, and seem especially ideal for OLEDs. Functionalized silanes are defined as the small organosilicon compounds with functional groups, and compared to conventional carbon compounds, they have many advantages, such as more accessible synthesis, high thermal stability and high color purity. Thus they have been applied in extensive areas, including organic light emitting devices, chemical sensors or biosensors and so on. In this dissertation, investigations have been carried out and focused on the design, synthesis, AIEE properties and application of cyano functionalized silanes. The main contents are as follows:
1. Two kinds of phenylethynyl-bridged cyano functionalized silanes, namely, bis(4-cyanophenylethynyl)dimethylsilane (CN-1) and bis(4-cyanophenylethynyl)diphenylsilane (CN-2), have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR, NMR, elementary analysis, HRMS and XRD, which provides a method to introduce cyano group into functionalized silanes. To investigate the AIEE property, the fluorescent behaviors, UV-vis absorption spectra and SEM were measured in the mixture solution of water/THF. By comparison with4-((trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)benzonitrile (1) and4-ethynybenzonitrile (2),4-cyanophenylethynyl unit is found to be the structure base to induce the AIEE phenomenon and the silicon core may enhance the AIEE effect. By crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculation, the AIEE mechanism was tried to obtain. Moreover, both CN-1and CN-2showed the obvious quenching response for2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in THF solution, indicating their practical application in explosive detection for TNT.
2. To broden the AIE/AIEE compounds, a series of diphenyl-bridged cyano functionalized silanes, namely, bis(4-cyanodiphenyl)dimethylsilane (2me), bis(4-cyanodiphenyl)diphenylsilane (2ph), tri(4-cyanodiphenyl)methylsilane (3me), tri(4-cyanodiphenyl)phenylsilane(3ph) and tetra(4-cyanodiphenyl)silane (4ph) have been synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction using bromophenyl silanes as the starting materials. These compounds were well characterized by FTIR, NMR, elementary analysis and HRMS, and the thermal stability was measured by TGA and DSC. The optical analysis shows that these cyano functionalized silanes have unique AIEE property. These compounds are fluorescent with emission in the region of violet to blue, and possess large HOMO-LUMO energy gaps ranging from4.7377eV to4.7481eV. Thus they could be potentially used as blue emitters or hole blocking materials in OLEDs. Furthermore, these compounds all showed the obvious fluorescence quenching and ultraviolet (UV) absorption enhancement response for diphenylamine (DPA) in dicholomethane solution, indicating their potentially practical application in DPA detection.
引文
[1]杜作栋,陈剑华,贝小来,周重光,有机硅化学,高等教育出版社,1990.
[2]Richard G Jones, Wataru Ando and Julian Chojnowski, Silicon-Containing Polymers——The Science and Technology of Their Synthesis and Applications.冯圣玉,栗付平,李美江等译,含硅聚合物——合成与应用,化学工业出版社,2008.
[3]杜作栋,陈剑华,贝小来,周重光,有机硅化学,高等教育出版社,1990,15.
[4]孙文艳,王灯旭,来庆玲,张洁,冯圣玉,官能化硅烷及其配位化合物的研究,化学进展,2010,22,400-405.
[5]Xueming Liu, Chaobin He, Junchao Huang and Jingmei Xu, Highly Efficient Blue-Light-Emitting Glass-Forming Molecules Based on Tetraarylmethane/Silane and Fluorene:Synthesis and Thermal, Optical, and Electrochemical Properties, Chem. Mater.,2005,17,434-441.
[6]Xueming Liu, Jianwei Xu, Xuehong Lu and Chaobin He, Novel Glassy Tetra(N-akyl-3-bromocarbazole-6-y1)silanes as Building Blocks for Efficient and Nonaggregating Blue-Light-Emitting Tetrahedral Materials, Org. Lett.,2005,7, 2829-2832.
[7]Qun Shen, Shanghui Ye, Gui Yu, Ping Lu and Yunqi Liu, Synthesis of tetraarylsilanes and its usage as blue emitters in electroluminescence, Synth. Met., 2008,158,1054-1058.
[8]Shujun Wang, Warren J. Oldham Jr., Raymond A. Hudack Jr. and Guillermo C. Bazan, Synthesis, Morphology, and Optical Properties of Tetrahedral Oligo(phenylenevinylene) Materials, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2000,122,5695-5709.
[9]Li-Hsin Chan, Rong-Ho Lee, Chia-Fen Hsieh, Hsiu-Chih Yeh and Chin-Ti Chen, Optimization of High-Performance Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Tetraphenylsilane Molecular Glass Materials, J. Am Chem Soc.,2002,124, 6469-6479.
[10]Xueming Liu, Chaobin He, Xiaotao Hao, Liwei Tan, Yanqing Li and K. S. Ong, Hyperbranched Blue-Light-Emitting Alternating Copolymers of Tetrabromoarylmethane/Silane and 9,9-Dihexylfluorene-2,7-diboronic Acid Macromolecules,2004,37,5965-5970.
[11]Hiroyuki Kai, Joji Ohshita, Sayaka Ohara, Naohiro Nakayama, Atsutaka Kunai, In-Sook Lee and Young-Woo Kwak, Disilane-and siloxane-bridged biphenyl and bithiophene derivatives as electron-transporting materials in OLEDs, J. Organoment. Chem 2008,693,3490-3490.
[12]Yuriy N. Luponosov, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Nikolay M. Surin, Oleg V. Borshchev, Elena A. Shumilkina and Aziz M. Muzafarov Y. N. Luponosov and S. A. Ponmarenko, First Organosilicon Molecular, Chem. Mater.,2009,21,447-455.
[13]Lixin Xiao, Shi-Jian Su, Yuya Agata, Hsinglin Lan and JunjiKido, Nearly 100% Internal Quantum Efficiency in an Organic Blue-Light Electrophosphorescent Device Using a Weak Electron Transporting Material with a Wide Energy Gap, Adv. Mater., 2009,21,1271-1274. [14] Wei Wei, Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson, Properties of Fluorenyl Silanes in Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2010,22,1724-1731.
[15]王灯旭,孙文艳,冯圣玉,含硅金属化合物,化学进展,2008,20,1651-1658.
[16]Qingchuan Han, Qiang Su, Lei Tang, Jinwu Feng, Ping Lu and Yanguang Wang, Electron Transfer and Aggregate Formation Coinduced Emission Enhancement of 9-Cycloheptatrienylidene Fluorenes in the Presence of Cupric Chloride, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,18702-18711.
[17]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Cathy K. W. Jim, Carrie Y. K. Chan, Zhiming Wang, Ping Lu, Chunmei Deng, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma and Ben Zhong Tang, Steric Hindrance, Electronic Communication, and Energy Transfer in the Photo- and Electroluminescence Processes of Aggregation-Induced Emission Lumino gens, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,7963-7972.
[18]Bingjia Xu, Zhenguo Chi, Haiyin Li, Xiqi Zhang, Xiaofang Li, Siwei Liu, Yi Zhang and Jiarui Xu, Synthesis and Properties of Aggregation-Induced Emission Compounds Containing Triphenylethene and Tetraphenylethene Moieties, J. Phys. Chem. C,2011,115,17574-17581.
[19]Hui Tong, Yongqiang Dong, Yuning Hong, Matthias Haussler, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Herman H.-Y. Sung, Xiaoming Yu, Jiaxin Sun, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-Induced Emission:Effects of Molecular Structure, Solid-State Conformation, and Morphological Packing Arrangement on Light-Emitting Behaviors of Diphenyldibenzofulvene Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007,111,2287-2294.
[20]Xiao Feng, Bin Tong, Jinbo Shen, Jianbing Shi, Tianyu Han, Long Chen, Junge Zhi, Ping Lu, Yuguang Ma and Yuping Dong, Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement of Aryl-Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. B,2010,114, 16731-16736.
[21]Jia Wang, Yunfeng Zhao, Chuandong Dou, Hui Sun, Peng Xu, Kaiqi Ye, Jingying Zhang, Shimei Jiang, Fei Li and Yue Wang, Alkyl and Dendron Substituted Quinacridones:Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescent Properties, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2007,111,5082-5089.
[22]Stefan Hecht and Jean M. J. Frechet, Dendritic Encapsulation of Function: Applying Nature's Site Isolation Principle from Biomimetics to Materials Science, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2001,40,74-91.
[23]Bao ToanNguyen, Julien E. Gautrot, Chuanyong Ji, Pierre Louis Brunner, My T. Nguyen and X. X. Zhu, Enhancing the Photo luminescence Intensity of Conjugated Polycationic Polymers by Using Quantum Dots as Antiaggregation Reagents, Langmuir,2006,22,4799-4803.
[24]Liaohai Chen, Su Xu, Duncan McBranch, and David Whitten, Tuning the Properties of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes through Surfactant Complexation, J. Am. Chem Soc.,2000,122,9302-9303.
[25]PeterN. Taylor, Michael J. O'Connell, Luke A. McNeill, Michael J. Hall, RobinT. Aplin and HarryL. Anderson, Insulated Molecular Wires:Synthesis of Conjugated Polyrotaxanes by Suzuki Coupling in Water, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2000,39, 3456-3460.
[26]Jingdong Luo, Zhiliang Xie, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Lin Cheng, Haiying Chen, Chengfeng Qiu, Hoi Sing Kwok, Xiaowei Zhan, Yunqi Liu, Daoben Zhu and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission of 1-methyl-1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylsilole, Chem. Commun.,2001,11,1740-1741.
[27]Ben Zhong Tang, Xiaowei Zhan, Gui Yu, Priscilla Pui Sze Lee, Yunqi Liu and Daoben Zhu, Efficient blue emission from siloles, J. Mater. Chem,2001,11, 2974-2978.
[28]Byeong-Kwan An, Soon-Ki Kwon, Sang-Don Jung, and Soo Young Park, Enhanced Emission and Its Switching in Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles, J. Am Chem Soc.,2002,124,14410-14415.
[29]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Xiaoyuan Shen, Faisal Mahtab, Yong Yu, Ping Lu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission, self-assembly, and electroluminescence of 4,4'-bis(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)biphenyl, Chem Commun.,2010,46,686-688.
[30]Wang Zhang Yuan, Ping Lu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Zhiming Wang, Yang Liu, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma and Ben Zhong Tang, Changing the Behavior of Chromophores from Aggregation-Caused Quenching to Aggregation-Induced Emission:Development of Highly Efficient Light Emitters in the Solid State, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,2159-2163.
[31]Yang Liu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ping Lu, Ryan T. K. Kwok, Faisal Mahtab, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Tuning the Electronic Nature of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens with Enhanced Hole-Transporting Property, Chem Mater.,2011,23,2536-2544.
[32]Jing Huang, Ning Sun, Jie Yang, Runli Tang, Qianqian Li, Dongge Ma, Jingui Qin and Zhen Li, Benzene-cored fluorophors with TPE peripheries:facile synthesis, crystallization-induced blue-shifted emission, and efficient blue luminogens for non-doped OLEDs, Mater. Chem.,2012,22,12001-12007.
[33]张双,秦安军,孙景致,唐本忠,聚集诱导发光机理研究,化学进展,2011,23,4,623-636.
[34]Karasinghe A. N. Upamali, Leandro A. Estrada, Puran K. De, Xichen Cai, Jeanette A. Krause and Douglas C. Neckers, Carbazole-Based Cyano-Stilbene Highly Fluorescent Microcrystals, Langmuir,2011,27,1573-1580.
[35]Junwu Chen, Charles C. W. Law, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yuping Dong, Samuel M. F. Lo, Ian D. Williams, Daoben Zhu, and Ben Zhong Tang, Synthesis, Light Emission, Nanoaggregation, and Restricted Intramolecular Rotation of 1,1-Substituted 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsiloles, Chem. Mater.,2003,15,1535-1546.
[36]Yao-Ting Wu, Ming-Yu Kuo, Yu-Ting Chang, Chien-Chueh Shin, Tsun-Cheng Wu, Chia-Cheng Tai, Tzu-Heng Cheng and Wei-Szu Liu, Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical Properties of Highly Substituted 8,8a-Dihydrocyclopenta[a]indenes, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2008,47,9891-9894.
[37]Stefan Grimme, Do Special Noncovalent π-π Stacking Interactions Really Exist? Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,2008,47,3430-3434.
[38]Chun-Xue Yuan, Xu-Tang Tao, Lei Wang, Jia-Xiang Yang and Min-Hua Jiang, Fluorescent Turn-On Detection and Assay of Protein Based on Lambda (A)-Shaped Pyridinium Salts with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics, J. Phys. Chem. C,2009,113,6809-6814.
[39]Kentaro Shiraishi, Taigo Kashiwabara, Takanobu Sanji and Masato Tanaka, Aggregation-induced emission of dendritic phosphole oxides, New J. Chem.,2009,33, 1680-1684.
[40]Hai-Ching Su, Omrane Fadhel, Chih-Jen Yang, Ting-Yi Cho, Claire Fave, Muriel Hissler, Chung-Chih Wu, and Regis Reau, Toward Functional π-Conjugated Organophosphorus Materials:Design of Phosphole-Based Oligomers for Electroluminescent Devices, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2006,128,983-995.
[41]Junwu Chen, Charles C. W. Law, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yuping Dong, Samuel M. F. Lo, Ian D. Williams, Daoben Zhu, and Ben Zhong Tang, Synthesis, Light Emission, Nanoaggregation, and Restricted Intramolecular Rotation of 1,1-Substituted 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsiloles, Chem. Mater.2003,15,1535-1546.
[42]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Cathy K. W. Jim, Carrie Y. K. Chan, Zhiming Wang, Ping Lu, Chunmei Deng, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma, and Ben Zhong Tang, Steric Hindrance, Electronic Communication, and Energy Transfer in the Photo- and Electroluminescence Processes of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens, J. Phys. Chem. C 2010,114,7963-7972.
[43]Yuning Honga, Jacky W. Y. Lama and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission:phenomenon, mechanism and applications, Chem. Commun,2009,29, 4332-4353.
[44]Gui Yu, Shiwei Yin, Yunqi Liu, Jiangshan Chen, Xinjun Xu, Xiaobo Sun, Dongge Ma, Xiaowei Zhan, QianPeng, Zhigang Shuai, Benzhong Tang, Daoben Zhu, Weihai Fang and Yi Luo, Structures, Electronic States, Photoluminescence, and Carrier Transport Properties of 1,1-Disubstituted 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsiloles, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2005,127,6335-6346.
[45]Byeong-Kwan An, Deug-Sang Lee, Jong-Soon Lee, Yi-Sung Park, Hyung-Su Song, and Soo Young Park, Strongly Fluorescent Organogel System Comprising Fibrillar Self-Assembly of a Trifluoromethyl-Based Cyanostilbene Derivative, J. Am. Chem Soc.,2004,126,10232-10233.
[46]Karasinghe A. N. Upamali, Leandro A. Estrada, Puran K. De, Xichen Cai, Jeanette A. Krause and Douglas C. Neckers, Carbazole-Based Cyano-Stilbene Highly Fluorescent Microcrystals, Langmuir,2011,27,1573-1580.
[47]Yujian Zhang, Jingwei Sun, Gaofeng Bian, Yiyi Chen, Mi Ouyang, Bin Hu and Cheng Zhang, Cyanostilben-based derivatives:mechanical stimuli-responsive luminophors with aggregation-induced emission enhancement, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci.,2012,11,1414-1421.
[48]Michelle S. Liu, Xuezhong Jiang, Sen Liu, Petra Herguth, and AlexK.-Y. Jen, Effect of Cyano Substituents on Electron Affinity and Electron-Transporting, Macromolecules,2002,35,3532-3538.
[49]Sang Uck Lee, Rodion V. Belosludov, Hiroshi Mizuseki, and YoshiyukiKawazoe, Control of Electron Transport by Manipulating the Conjugated Framework, J. Phys. Chem. C,2007,111,15397-15403.
[50]Shigeyoshi Sato, Keisuke Tajima and Kazuhito Hashimoto, Synthesis and Characterization of Regioregular Cyano-Substituted Poly(p-phenylenevinylene), Macromolecules,2009,42,1785-1788.
[51]M. Barra, F. V. Di Girolamo, F. Chiarella, M. Salluzzo, Z. Chen, A. Facchetti, L. Anderson, and A. Cassinese, Transport Property and Charge Trap Comparison for N-Channel Perylene Diimide Transistors with Different Air-Stability, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,20387-20393.
[52]Yupeng Li, Feng Li, Houyu Zhang, Zengqi Xie, Weijie Xie, Hai Xu, Bao Li, Fangzhong Shen, Ling Ye, Muddasir Hanif, Dongge Ma and Yuguang Ma, Tight intermolecular packing through supramolecular interactions in crystals of cyano substituted oligo(para-phenylene vinylene):a key factor for aggregation-induced emission, Chem. Commun.,2007,231-233.
[53]Yulan Chen, Yuxia Lv, Yang Han, Bo Zhu, Fan Zhang, Zhishan Bo and Chen-Yang Liu, Dendritic Effect on Supramolecular Self-Assembly:Organogels with Strong Fluorescence Emission Induced by Aggregation, Langmuir,2009,25, 8548-8555.
[54]Anjun Qin, Cathy K. W. Jim, Youhong Tang, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Jianzhao Liu, Faisal Mahtab, Ping Gao and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-Enhanced Emissions of Intramolecular Excimers in Disubstituted Polyacetylenes, J. Phys. Chem. B,2008, 112,9281-9288..
[55]Yves Ruff, Eric Buhler, Sauveur-Jean Candau, Ellina Kesselman, Yeshayahu Talmon and Jean-Marie Lehn, Glycodynamers:Dynamic Polymers Bearing Oligosaccharides Residues-Generation, Structure, Physicochemical, Component Exchange, and Lectin Binding Properties, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2010,132,2573-2584
[56]Yves Ruff and Jean-Marie Lehn, Glycodynamers:Fluorescent Dynamic Analogues of Polysaccharides, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2008,47,3556-3559.
[57]Ming-Xin Zhu, Wei Lu, Nianyong Zhu and Chi-Ming Che, Platinum Complexes Structures and Solvatochromic Phosphorescence of Dicationic Terpyridyl-Platinum(Ⅱ) Complexes with Foldable Oligo(ortho-phenyleneethynylene) Bridging Ligands, Chem. Eur. J.,2008,14,9736-9746.
[58]Bala. Manimaran, P. Thanasekaran, T. Rajendran, Ren-Jay Lin, I-Jy Chang, Gene-Hsiang Lee, Shie-Ming Peng, S. Rajagopal, and Kuang-Lieh Lu, Luminescence Enhancement Induced by Aggregation of Alkoxy-Bridged Rhenium (I) Molecular Rectangles, Inorg. Chem.,2002,41,5323-5325.
[59]C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, Organic electroluminescent diodes, Appl. Phy. Lett.,1987,51,913-915.
[60]Shufen Chen, Lingling Deng, Jun Xie, Ling Peng, Linghai Xie, Quli Fan and Wei Huang, Recent Developments in Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,5227-5239.
[61]Pierre M. Beaujuge and John R. Reynolds, Color Control in π-Conjugated Organic Polymers for Use in Electrochromic Devices, Chem. Rev.,2010,110,268-320.
[62]Bodo H. Wallikewitz, Matthias de la Rosa, Jonas H.-W. M. Kremer, Dirk Hertel and Klaus Meerholz, A Lasing Organic Light-Emitting Diode, Adv. Mater.,2010,22, 531-534.
[63]Jonathan G.C. Veinot and Tobin J. Marks, Toward the Ideal Organic Light-Emitting Diode. The Versatility and Utility of Interfacial Tailoring by Cross-Linked Siloxane Interlayers, Ace. Chem. Res.,2005,38,632-643.
[64]Abhishek P. Kulkarni, Christopher J. Tonzola, Amit Babel and Samson A. Jenekhe, Electron Transport Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2004,16,4556-4573.
[65]Paul L. Burn, Shih-Chun Lo and Ifor D. W. Samuel, The Development of Light-Emitting Dendrimers for Displays, Adv. Mater.,2007,19,1675-1688.
[66]Jianzhao Liu, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced Emission of Silole Molecules and Polymers:Fundamental and Applications, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym.,2009,19,249-285.
[67]Yuriy N. Luponosov, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Nikolay M. Surin, and Aziz M. Muza farov, Facile Synthesis and Optical Properties of Bithiophenesilane Monodendrons and Dendrimers, Org. Lett.,2008,10,2753-2756.
[68]Jean Roncali, Philippe Leriche and Antonio Cravino, From One- to Three-Dimensional Organic Semiconductors:In Search of the Organic Silicon?, Adv. Mater.,2007,19,2045-2060.
[69]Yuriy N. Luponosov, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Nikolay M. Surin, Oleg V. Borshchev, Elena A. Shumilkina and Aziz M. Muza farov, First Organosilicon Molecular Antennas, Chem. Mater.,2009,21,447-455.
[70]Yasuhiro Shirai, Long Cheng, Bo Chen, and James M. Tour, Characterization of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Fullerene Derivatives on Gold Surfaces:Implications for Device Evaluations, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2006,128,13479-13489.
[71]Youngmin You, Cheng-Guo An, Deug-Sang Lee, Jang-Joo Kim and Soo Young Park, Silicon-containing dendritic tris-cyclometalated Ir (Ⅲ) complex and its electro-phosphorescence in a polymer host, J. Mater. Chem.,2006,16,4706-4713.
[72]Dong-Ren Bai and Suning Wang, Comparative Study on Tetrahedral and Tripodal Luminescent Silane and Methane Compounds with a 2,2'-Dipyridylamino Group, Organometallics,2004,23,5958-5966.
[73]Xue-Ming Liu, Jianwei Xu, Xuehong Lu and Chaobin He, Novel Glassy Tetra(N-akyl-3-bromocarbazole-6-y1)silanes as Building Blocks for Efficient and Nonaggregating Blue-Light-Emitting Tetrahedral Materials, Org, Lett.,2005,7,2829-2832.
[74]Xue-Ming Liu, Tingting Lin, Junchao Huang, Xiao-Tao Hao, Kian Soo Ong, and Chaobin He, Hyperbranched Blue to Red Light-Emitting Polymers with Tetraarylsilyl Cores:Synthesis, Optical and Electro luminescence Properties, and ab Initio Modeling Studies, Macromolecules,2005,38,4157-4168.
[75]Li-Hsin Chan, Rong-Ho Lee, Chia-Fen Hsieh, Hsiu-Chih Yeh and Chin-Ti Chen, Optimization of High-Performance Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Tetraphenylsilane Molecular Glass Materials, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2002,124,6469-6479.
[76]Warren J. Oldham, Jr., Rene J. Lachicotte and Guillermo C. Bazan, Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Morphology of Tetrastilbenoidmethanes, J. Am. Chem Soc.,1998, 120,2987-2988.
[77]Yi-Yeol Lyu, Jeonghun Kwak, Woo Sung Jeon, Younghun Byun, Hyo Sug Lee, Doseok Kim, Changhee Lee and Kookheon Char, Highly Effcient Red Phosphorescent OLEDs based on Non-Conjugated Silicon-Cored Spirobifluorene Derivative Doped with Ir-Complexes, Adv. Funct. Mater.2009,19,420-427.
[78]Disilane- and siloxane-bridged biphenyl and bithiophene derivatives aselectron-transporting materials in OLEDs, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 2008,69,3490-3494.
[79]Qun Shen, Shanghui Ye, Gui Yu, Ping Lu and Yunqi Liu, Synthesis of tetraarylsilanes and its usage as blueemitters in electroluminescence, Synthetic Metals, 2008,158,1054-1058. [80] Gui Yu, Xinjun Xu, Yunqi Liu, Zuoquan Jiang, Shiwei Yin, Zhigang Shuai,
Daoben Zhu, Xiaobang Duan, and Ping Lu, Effcient blue electroluminescent device using tetra(b-naphthyl)silaneas a hole-blocking material, Appl. Phys. Lett.2005,87, 222115.
[81]Lixin Xiao, Shi-Jian Su, Yuya Agata, Hsinglin Lan and Junji Kido, Nearly 100% Internal Quantum Efficiency in an Organic Blue-Light Electrophosphorescent Device Using a Weak Electron Transporting Material with a Wide Energy Gap, Adv. Mater. 2009,21,1271-1274.
[82]Dong-Ren Bai, Xiang-Yang Liu and Suning Wang, Charge-Transfer Emission Involving Three-Coordinate Organoboron:V-Shape versus U-Shape andImpact of the Spacer on Dual Emission and Fluorescent Sensing, Chem. Eur. J.,2007,13, 5713-5723.
[83]Ming Wang, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang, Daoben Zhu and Ben Zhong Tang, Fluorescent bio/chemosensors based on silole and tetraphenylethene luminogens with aggregation-induced emission feature, J. Mater. Chem.,2010,20,1858-1867.
[84]Yuning Hong, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission:phenomenon, mechanism and applications, Chem. Commun,2009, 4332-4353.
[85]Manchun Zhao, Ming Wang, Huajie Liu, Dongsheng Liu, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang and Daoben Zhu, Continuous On-Site Label-Free ATP Fluorometric Assay Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission of Silole, Langmuir,2009,25, 676-678.
[86]Vandana Bhalla, Harshveer Arora, Hardev Singh and Manoj Kumar, Triphenylene derivatives:chemosensors for sensitive detection of nitroaromatic explosives, Dalton Trans.,2013,42,969-674.
[87]Samuel W. Thomas Ⅲ, Guy D. Joly and Timothy M. Swager, Chemical Sensors Based on Amplifying Fluorescent Conjugated Polymers, Chem. Rev.,2007,107, 1339-1386.
[88]Mohammad M. Qasim, Brett Moore, Lyssa Taylor, Leonid Gorb, Jerzy Leszczynski and Patricia Honea, Structural Characteristics and Reactivity Relationships of Nitroaromatic and Nitramine Explosives-A Review of Our Computational Chemistry and Spectroscopic Research, Int. J. Mol. Sci.,2007,8, 1234-1264.
[89]John V. Goodpaster and Victoria L. McGuffin, Fluorescence Quenching as an Indirect Detection Method for Nitrated Explosives, Anal. Chem.,2001,73, 2004-2011.
[90]David R Ownby, Jason B. Belden, Guilherme R Lotufo, Michael J. Lydya, Accumulation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in aquatic organisms:Part 1-Bioconcentration and distribution in channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus), Chemosphere,2005,58, 1153-1159.
[91]Jason B. Belden, David R Ownby, Guilherme R Lotufo and Michael J. Lydya, Accumulation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in aquatic organisms:Part 2-Bioconcentration in aquatic invertebrates and potential for trophic transfer to channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus), Chemosphere,2005,58,1161-1168.
[92]Michael E. Honeycutt, A.Susan Jarvis and Victor A. McFarland, Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Its Metabolites, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 1996,35,282-287.
[93]Bernard Lachancea, Pierre Yves Robidoux, Jalal Hawari, Guy Ampleman, Sonia Thiboutot, Geoffrey I. Sunahara, Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of energetic compounds on bacterial and mammalian cells in vitrol, Mutat Res., Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen.,1999,444,25-29.
[94]Yolanda Salinas, Ramon Martinez-Manez, Maria D. Marcos, Felix Sancenon, Ana M. Costero, Margarita Parra and Salvador G, Optical chemosensors and reagents to detect explosives, Chem. Soc. Rev.,2012,41,1261-1296.
[95]Sarah J. Toal, Douglas Magde and William C. Trogler, Luminescent oligo(tetraphenyl)silole nanoparticles as chemical sensors for aqueous TNT, Chem. Commun.,2005,0,5465-5467.
[96]Kentaro Shiraishi, Takanobu Sanji and Masato Tanaka, Trace Detection of Explosive Particulates with a Phosphole Oxide, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces,2009,1, 1379-1382.
[97]Jianzhao Liu, Yongchun Zhong, Ping Lu, Yuning Hong, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Mahtab Faisal, Yong Yu, Kam Sing Wong and Ben Zhong Tang, A superamplification effect in the detection of explosives by a fluorescent hyperbranched poly(silylenephenylene) with aggregation-enhanced emission characteristics, Polym. Chem.,2010,1,426-429.
[98]Mahtab Faisal, Yuning Hong, Jianzhao Liu, Yong Yu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Anjun Qin, Ping Lu, Ben Zhong Tang, Fabrication of Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles Hybridized with AIE Luminogens and Exploration of Their Applications as Nanobiosensors in Intracellular Imaging, Chem. Eur. J.,2010,16,4266-42
[1]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Xiao yuan Shen, Faisal Mahtab, Yong Yu, Ping Lu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission, self-assembly, and electroluminescence of 4,4'-bis(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)bip--henyl, Chem. Commun.,2010,46,686-688.
[2]Wang Zhang Yuan, Ping Lu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Zhiming Wang, Yang Liu, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma and Ben Zhong Tang, Changing the Behavior of Chromophores from Aggregation-Caused Quenching to Aggregation-Induced Emission:Development of Highly Efficient Light Emitters in the Solid State, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,2159-2163.
[3]Yang Liu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ping Lu, Ryan T. K. Kwok, Faisal Mahtab, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Tuning the Electronic Nature of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens with Enhanced Hole-Transporting Property, Chem. Mater.,2011,23,2536-2544.
[4]Jing Huang, Ning Sun, Jie Yang, Runli Tang, QianqianLi, Dongge Ma, Jingui Qin and Zhen Li, Benzene-cored fluorophors with TPE peripheries:facile synthesis, crystallization-induced blue-shifted emission, and efficient blue luminogens for non-doped OLEDs, Mater. Chem.,2012,22,12001-12007.
[5]Yan Ren, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yongqiang Dong, Ben Zhong Tang, and Kam Sing Wong, Enhanced Emission Efficiency and Excited State Lifetime Due to Restricted Intramolecular Motion in Silole Aggregates, J. Phys. Chem. B,2005,109,1135-1140.
[6]Zhen Li, Yongqiang Dong, Baoxiu Mi, Youhong Tang, Matthias Haussler, Hui Tong, Yuping Dong, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yan Ren, Herman H. Y. Sung, Kam S. Wong, Ping Gao, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok, and Ben Zhong Tang, Structural Control of the Photoluminescence of Silole Regioisomers and Their Utility as Sensitive Regiodiscriminating Chemosensors and Efficient Electroluminescent Materials, J. Phys. Chem. B,2005,109,10061-10066.
[7]Tao Jiang, Yibing Jiang, Wei Qin, Shuming Chen, Yahong Lu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Bairong He, Ping Lu, Herman H. Y. Sung, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok, Zujin Zhao, Huayu Qiu and Ben Zhong Tang, Naphthalene-substitutedb2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl--siloles:synthesis, structure, aggregation-induced emission and efficient electrolumi--nescence, J. Mater. Chem.,2012,22,20266-20272.
[8]Xiang Shen, Guanxin Zhang, and Deqing Zhang, A New Fluorometric Turn-On Detection of 1-Lactic Acid Based on the Cascade Enzymatic and Chemical Reactions and the Abnormal Fluorescent Behavior of Silol, Org. Lett.2012,14,1744-1747.
[9]Jianzhao Liu, Yongchun Zhong, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ping Lu, Yuning Hong, Yong Yu, Yanan Yue, Mahtab Faisal, Herman H. Y. Sung, Ian D. Williams, Kam Sing Wong and Ben Zhong Tang, Hyperbranched Conjugated Polysiloles:Synthesis, Structure, Aggregation-Enhanced Emission, Multicolor Fluorescent Photopatterning, and Superamplified Detection of Explosives, Macromolecules,2010,43,4921-4936.
[10]Ming Wang, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang, Daoben Zhu and Ben Zhong Tang, Fluorescent bio/chemosensors based on silole and tetraphenylethene luminogens with aggregation-induced emission feature, J. Mater. Chem.,2010,20,1858-1867.
[11]Yuning Hong, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission:phenomenon, mechanism and applications, Chem. Commun.,2009, 4332-4353.
[12]Trisha L. Andrew and Timothy M. Swager, A Fluorescence Turn-On Mechanism to Detect High Explosives RDX and PETN, T. L. Andrew and T. M. Swager, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2007,129,7254-7255.
[13]Yolanda Salinas, Ramon Martinez-Manez, Maria D. Marcos, Felix Sancenon, Ana M. Costero, Margarita Parra and Salvador G, Optical chemosensors and reagents to detect explosives, Chem. Soc. Rev.,2012,41,1261-1296.
[14]Qianjun He, Jianlin Shi, Xiangzhi Cui, Jinjin Zhao, Yu Chen and Jian Zhou, Rhodamine B-co-condensed spherical SBA-15 nanoparticles:facile co-condensation synthesis and excellent fluorescence features, J. Mater. Chem.,2009,19,3395-3403.
[15]J. K. Fang, D. L. An, K. Wakamatsu, T. Ishikawa, T. Iwanaha, S. Toyota, S. I. Akita, A. Matsuo, A. Orita, J. Otera, Tetrahedron,2010,66,5479.
[16]Guohua Hou, Francis Gosselin, Wei Li, J. Christopher McWilliams, Yongkui Sun, Mark Weisel, Paul D. O'Shea, Cheng-yi Chen, Ian W. Davies and Xumu Zhang, Enantioselective Hydrogenation of N-H Imines, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2009,131, 9882-9883.
[17]Z. D. Du, J. H. Chen, X. L. Bei, C. G. Zhou, Organosilicon Chemistry,2nd Ed. Higher Education Press, Beijing,1992,86-87.
[18]Shufen Chen, Lingling Deng, Jun Xie, Ling Peng, Linghai Xie, Quli Fan and Wei Huang, Recent Developments in Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,5227-5239.
[19]Dong-Ren Bai and Suning Wang, Comparative Study on Tetrahedral and Tripodal Luminescent Silane and Methane Compounds with a 2,2'-Dipyridylamino Group, Organometallics,2004,23,5958-5966.
[20]Xue-Ming Liu, Jianwei Xu, Xuehong Lu and Chaobin He, Novel Glassy Tetra(N-alky1-3-bromocarbazole-6-y1)silanes as Building Blocks for Efficient and Nonaggregating Blue-Light-Emitting Tetrahedral Materials, Org. Lett.,2005,7, 2829-2832.
[21]Li-Hsin Chan, Rong-Ho Lee, Chia-Fen Hsieh, Hsiu-Chih Yeh and Chin-Ti Chen, Optimization of High-Performance Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Tetraphenylsilane Molecular Glass Materials, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2002,124,6469-6479.
[22]Shoucheng Dong, Zhen Li and Jingui Qin, New Carbazole-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. B,2009,113,434-441.
[23]M. J. Frisch, G. W. Trucks, H. B. Schlegel, G. E. Scuseria, M. A. Robb, J. R Cheeseman, J. A. Montgomery Jr., T. Vreven, K. N. Kudin, J. C. Burant, J. M. Millam, et al., Gaussian 03, Revision D.01, Gaussian, Inc.:Wallingford, CT,2004.
[24]Hisahiro Sasabe, Eisuke Gonmori, Takayuki Chiba, Yan-Jun Li, Daisaku Tanaka, Shi-Jian Su, Takashi Takeda, Yong-Jin Pu, Ken-ichi Nakayama and Junji Kido Wide-Energy-Gap Electron-Transport Materials Containing 3,5-Dipyridylphenyl Moieties for an Ultra High Efficiency Blue Organic Light-Emitting Device, Chem. Mater.2008,20,5951-5953.
[25]Shi-Jian Sul, Eisuke Gonmori, Hisahiro Sasabe, Junji Kido, Highly Efficient Organic Blue-and White-Light-Emitting Devices Having a Carrier- and Exciton-Confining Structure for Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off, Adv. Mater.2008,20, 4189-4194.
[26]Amber L. Von Ruden, Lelia Cosimbescu, Evgueni Polikarpov, Phillip K. Koech, James S. Swensen, Liang Wang, Jens T. Darsell, and Asanga B. Padmaperuma, Phosphine Oxide Based Electron Transporting and Hole Blocking Materials for Blue Electrophosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Devices, Chem. Mater.,2010,22, 5678-5686.
[27]Wei Wei, Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson, Properties of Fluorenyl Silanes in Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2010,22,1724-1731.
[28]Qingchuan Han, Qiang Su, Lei Tang, JinwuFeng, Ping Lu, and Yanguang Wang Electron Transfer and Aggregate Formation Coinduced Emission Enhancement of 9-Cycloheptatrienylidene Fluorenes in the Presence of Cupric Chloride, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,18702-18711.
[29]Yan Qian, Minmin Cai, Xinhui Zhou, Zhiqiang Gao, Xupeng Wang, Yuezhi Zhao, Xiaohong Yan, Wei Wei, Linghai Xie, and Wei Huang, More than Restriction of Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer:Three-Dimensional Expanded-Shaped Cross-Molecular Packing for Emission Enhancement in Aggregates, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2012,116,12187-12195.
[30]Haehyun Nam, Bruno Boury, and Soo Young Park, Anisotropic Polysilsesquioxanes with Fluorescent Organic Bridges:Transcription of Strong π-π Interactions of Organic Bridges to the Long-Range Ordering of Silsesquioxanes, Chem. Mater.,2006,18,5716-5721.
[31]Hui Tong, Yongqiang Dong, Yuning Hong, Matthias Haussler, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Herman H.-Y. Sung, Xiaoming Yu, Jiaxin Sun, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok, and Ben Zhong Tang Aggregation-Induced Emission:Effects of Molecular Structure, Solid-State Conformation, and Morphological Packing Arrangement on Light-Emitting Behaviors of Diphenyldibenzofulvene Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007,111,2287-2294.
[32]Shoucheng Dong, Zhen Li and Jingui Qin, New Carbazole-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. B,2009,113,434-441.
[33].张双,秦安军,孙景志,唐本忠,聚集诱导发光机理研究,化学进展,2011,23,623-636.
[34]Byeong-Kwan An, Johannes Gierschner, and Soo Young Park,π-Conjugated Cyanostilbene Derivatives:A Unique Self-Assembly Motif for Molecular Nanostructures with Enhanced Emission and Transport, Acc. Chem. Res.,2012,45, 544-554.
[35]Malgorzata Domagala, Slawomir J. Grabowski, Katarzyna Urbaniak, and Grzegorz Mloston, Role of C-H…S and C-H…N Hydrogen Bonds in Organic Crystal Structures-The Crystal and Molecular Structure of 3-Methyl-2,4-dphenyl-(1,3)-thiaz-olidine-5-spiro-2'-adamantane and 3-Methy1-2,4,5,5-tetraphenyl-(1,3)-thiazolid-ine, J. Phys. Chem. A,2003,107,2730-2736.
[36]Solhe F. Alshahateet, Roger Bishop, Donald C. Craig, and Marcia L. Scudder, Role of Double C-H…N Weak Hydrogen Bonding Motifs in N-Heteroaromatic Inclusion Chemistry, Cryst. Growth Des.2004,4,837-844
[37]Kenneth E. Maly, Thierry Maris, Eric Gagnon, and James D. Wuest Inclusion Compounds of Hexakis(4-cyanophenyl)benzene:Open Networks Maintained by C-H-N Interactions, Cryst Growth Des.2006,2,461-466.
[38]Young J. Hong and Dean J. Tantillo. Perturbing the Structure of the 2-Norbornyl Cation through C-H…N and C-H…π Interactions, J. Org. Chem.,2007,72,8877-8881.
[39]Shane G. Telfer and James D. Wuest, Metallotectons:Comparison of Molecular Networks Built from Racemic and Enantiomerically Pure Tris(dipyrrinato)cobalt(III) Complexes, Cryst. Growth Des.,2009,4,1923-1931.
[40]Angshuman R. Choudhury, Kabirul Islam, Michael T. Kirchner, Goverdhan Mehta, and Tayur N. Guru Row, In Situ Cryocrystallization of Diphenyl Ether: C-H…π Mediated Polymorphic Forms, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2004,126,12274-12275.
[41]Solhe F. Alshahateet, Roger Bishop, Donald C. Craig, and Marcia L. Scudder, Role of Double C-H…N Weak Hydrogen Bonding Motifs in N-Heteroaromatic Inclusion Chemistry, J. Phys. Chem. B,2007,111,5861-5868.
[42]Kazuaki Aburaya, Kazunori Nakano, Kazuki Sada, Nungruethai Yoswathananont, Masashi Shigesato, Ichiro Hisaki, Norimitsu Tohnai and MikijiMiyata, Importance of Weak Hydrogen Bonds in the Formation of Cholamide Inclusion Crystals with Aromatic Guests, Cryst. Growth Des.,2008,8,1013-1022.
[43]Neng-Fang She, Meng Gao, Xiang-Gao Meng, Guang-Fu Yang, Johannes A. A. W. Elemans, An-Xin Wu and Lyle Isaacs, Supramolecular Rhombic Grids Formed from Bimolecular Building Blocks, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2009,131,11695-11697.
[44]Eric Gagnon, Thierry Maris, Pierre-Marc Arseneault, Kenneth E. Maly and James D. Wuest, Structural Features in Crystals of Derivatives of Benzene with Multiple Contiguous Phenyl Substituents, Cryst. Growth Des.,2010,10,648-657.
[45]Hong-Hua Fang, Qi-Dai Chen, Jie Yang, Hong Xia, Bing-Rong Gao, Jing Feng, Yu-Guang Ma and Hong-Bo Sun, Two-Photon Pumped Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Cyano-Substituted Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) Crystals with Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114, 11958-11961.
[46]Chetan Jagdish Bhongale, Chih-Wei Chang, Chi-Shen Lee, Eric Wei-Guang Diau, and Chain-Shu Hsu, Relaxation Dynamics and Structural Characterization of Organic Nanoparticles with Enhanced Emission, J. Phys. Chem. B.,2005,109, 13472-13478
[47]Julien E. Gautrot, X. X. Zhu, Main-Chain Bile Acid Based Degradable Elastomers Synthesized by Entropy-Driven Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,2006,45,7026-7028.
[48]Frank Wurthner, Zhijian Chen, Volker Dehm and Vladimir Stepanenko, One-dimensional luminescent nanoaggregates of perylene bisimides, Chem. Commun.,2006,42,1188-1190
[49]Seong-Jun Yoon, Jong Won Chung, Johannes Gierschner, Kil Suk Kim, Moon-Gun Choi, Dongho Kim, and Soo Young Park, Multistimuli Two-Color Luminescence Switching via Different Slip-Stacking of Highly Fluorescent Molecular Sheets, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2010,132,13675-13683.
[50]Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju, Sachin A. Joshi and Partha Sarathi Mukherjee, Fluorescence and visual sensing of nitroaromatic explosives using electron rich discrete fluorophores, J. Mater. Chem,2011,21,9130-9138.
[51]Gang He, Guofang Zhang, Fengting Lu and Yu Fang, Fluorescent Film Sensor for Vapor-Phase Nitroaromatic Explosives via Monolayer Assembly of Oligo(diphenylsilane) on Glass Plate Surfaces, Chem. Mater.,2009,21,1494-1499.
[52]Melissa S. Meaney, Victoria L. McGuffin, Investigation of common fluorophores for the detection of nitrated explosives by fluorescence quenching, Anal. Chim. Acta, 2008,610,57-67.
[1]David R. Rudell, Jamesp. Mattheis and Johnk. F Ellman, Influence of Ethylene Action, Storage Atmosphere, and Storage Duration on Diphenylamine and Diphenylamine Derivative Content of Granny Smith Apple Peel, J. Agric. Food Chem. 2006,54,2365-2371.
[2]Peter Robatscher, Daniela Eisenstecken, Fabiola Sacco, Hannes Pohl, Jennifer Berger, Angelo Zanella and Michael Oberhuber, Diphenylamine Residues in Apples Caused by Contamination in Fruit Storage Facilities, J. Agric. Food Chem.2012,60, 2205-2211.
[3]Oliver Dalby, David Butler and Jason W. Birkett, Analysis of Gunshot Residue and Associated Materials-A Review, J Forensic Sci,2010,4,924-943.
[4]Yan Tong, Zhuping Wu, Chengdui Yang, Jianyuan Yu, Xinrong Zhang, Shijie Yang, Xinyuan Deng, Yucai Xu and Yuxiu Wen, Determination of diphenylamine stabilizer and its nitrated derivatives in smokeless gunpowder using a tandem MS method, Analyst,2001,126,480-484.
[5]Naim Malaj, Zheng Ouyang, Giovanni Sindona and R. Graham Cooks, Analysis of pesticide residues by leaf spray mass spectrometry, Anal. Methods,2012,4, 1913-1919.
[6]Maka Vuki, Kwok-Keung Shiu, Michal Galik, Aoife M. O'Mahony and Joseph Wang, Simultaneous electrochemical measurement of metal and organic propellan constituents of gunshot residues, Analyst,2012,137,3265-3270.
[7]Desire Laza, Bart Nys, Jan De Kinder, Andree Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, and Cecile Moucheron, Development of a Quantitative LC-MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Common Propellant Powder Stabilizers in Gunshot Residue, J Forensic Sci,2007,4, 842-850.
[8]Ingeborg E. Iping Petterson, Maria Lopez-Lopez, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Cees Gooijer Joost B. Buijs and Freek Ariese, Noninvasive Detection of Concealed Explosives:Depth Profiling through Opaque Plastics by Time-Resolved Raman Spectroscopy, Anal. Chem.2011,83,8517-8523.
[9]Takatsugu hi, Andrew S. Ichimura, Noboru Koga and Hiizu Iwamura, Magnetic Interaction between Two Triplet Nitrene Units through Diphenylsilane and 1,2-Diphenyldisilane Couplers, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,1993,115,8928-8932.
[10]Giseop Kwak and Toshio Masuda, Poly(silyleneethynylenephenylene) and Poly(silylenephenyleneethynylenephenylene)s:Synthesis and Photophysical Properties Related to Charge Transfer, Macromolecules,2002,35,4138-4142.
[11]Qun Shen, Shanghui Ye, Gui Yu, Ping Lu, Yunqi Liu, Synthesis of tetraarylsilanes and its usage as blue emitters in electroluminescence, Synthetic Metals.,2008,158,1054-1058.
[12]Zhonghua Luo, Hongjun Zhu, Guangliang Song, Jin Chang, Rui Liu, Synthesis and photophysical properties of a series of thermally stable terphenyl-bridged bisbenzimidazoles, Dyes Pigments,2011,88,274-279.
[13]Sung Ouk Jung, Qinghua Zhao, Jong-Won Park, Seul Ong Kim, Yun-Hi Kim, Hyoung-Yun Oh, Jinho Kim, Soon-Ki Kwon, Youngjin Kang, A green emitting iridium (III) complex with narrow emission band and its application to phosphorescence organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), Organic Electronics,2009, 10,1066-1073.
[14]M. J. Frisch, G. W. Trucks, H. B. Schlegel, G. E. Scuseria, M. A. Robb, J. R. Cheeseman, J. A. Montgomery Jr., T. Vreven, K. N. Kudin, J. C. Burant, J. M. Millam, et al., Gaussian03, Revision D.01, Gaussian, Inc.:Wallingford, CT,2004.
[15]Dong-Ren Bai and Suning Wang, Comparative Study on Tetrahedral and Tripodal Luminescent Silane and Methane Compounds with a 2,2'-Dipyridylamino Group, Organometallics,2004,23,5958-5966.
[16]Amber L. Von Ruden, Lelia Cosimbescu, Evgueni Polikarpov, Phillip K. Koech, James S. Swensen, Liang Wang, Jens T. Darsell, and Asanga B. Padmaperuma, Phosphine Oxide Based Electron Transporting and Hole Blocking Materials for Blue Electrophosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Devices, Chem. Mater.,2010,22, 5678-5686.
[17]Wei Wei, Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson, Properties of Fluorenyl Silanes in Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2010,22,1724-1731.
[18]Shoucheng Dong, Zhen Li and Jingui Qin, New Carbazole-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. B,2009,113,434-441.
[19]Haehyun Nam, Bruno Bouryand Soo Young Park, Anisotropic Polysilsesquioxanes with Fluorescent Organic Bridges:Transcription of Strong π-π Interactions of Organic Bridges to the Long-Range Ordering of Silsesquioxanes, Chem. Mater.2006,18,5716-5721.
[20]Xiao Feng, Bin Tong, Jinbo Shen, Jianbing Shi, Tianyu Han, Long Chen, Junge Zhi, Ping Lu, Yuguang Ma and Yuping Dong, Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement of Aryl-Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. B,2010,114, 16731-16736.
[2]Richard G Jones, Wataru Ando and Julian Chojnowski, Silicon-Containing Polymers——The Science and Technology of Their Synthesis and Applications.冯圣玉,栗付平,李美江等译,含硅聚合物——合成与应用,化学工业出版社,2008.
[3]杜作栋,陈剑华,贝小来,周重光,有机硅化学,高等教育出版社,1990,15.
[4]孙文艳,王灯旭,来庆玲,张洁,冯圣玉,官能化硅烷及其配位化合物的研究,化学进展,2010,22,400-405.
[5]Xueming Liu, Chaobin He, Junchao Huang and Jingmei Xu, Highly Efficient Blue-Light-Emitting Glass-Forming Molecules Based on Tetraarylmethane/Silane and Fluorene:Synthesis and Thermal, Optical, and Electrochemical Properties, Chem. Mater.,2005,17,434-441.
[6]Xueming Liu, Jianwei Xu, Xuehong Lu and Chaobin He, Novel Glassy Tetra(N-akyl-3-bromocarbazole-6-y1)silanes as Building Blocks for Efficient and Nonaggregating Blue-Light-Emitting Tetrahedral Materials, Org. Lett.,2005,7, 2829-2832.
[7]Qun Shen, Shanghui Ye, Gui Yu, Ping Lu and Yunqi Liu, Synthesis of tetraarylsilanes and its usage as blue emitters in electroluminescence, Synth. Met., 2008,158,1054-1058.
[8]Shujun Wang, Warren J. Oldham Jr., Raymond A. Hudack Jr. and Guillermo C. Bazan, Synthesis, Morphology, and Optical Properties of Tetrahedral Oligo(phenylenevinylene) Materials, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2000,122,5695-5709.
[9]Li-Hsin Chan, Rong-Ho Lee, Chia-Fen Hsieh, Hsiu-Chih Yeh and Chin-Ti Chen, Optimization of High-Performance Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Tetraphenylsilane Molecular Glass Materials, J. Am Chem Soc.,2002,124, 6469-6479.
[10]Xueming Liu, Chaobin He, Xiaotao Hao, Liwei Tan, Yanqing Li and K. S. Ong, Hyperbranched Blue-Light-Emitting Alternating Copolymers of Tetrabromoarylmethane/Silane and 9,9-Dihexylfluorene-2,7-diboronic Acid Macromolecules,2004,37,5965-5970.
[11]Hiroyuki Kai, Joji Ohshita, Sayaka Ohara, Naohiro Nakayama, Atsutaka Kunai, In-Sook Lee and Young-Woo Kwak, Disilane-and siloxane-bridged biphenyl and bithiophene derivatives as electron-transporting materials in OLEDs, J. Organoment. Chem 2008,693,3490-3490.
[12]Yuriy N. Luponosov, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Nikolay M. Surin, Oleg V. Borshchev, Elena A. Shumilkina and Aziz M. Muzafarov Y. N. Luponosov and S. A. Ponmarenko, First Organosilicon Molecular, Chem. Mater.,2009,21,447-455.
[13]Lixin Xiao, Shi-Jian Su, Yuya Agata, Hsinglin Lan and JunjiKido, Nearly 100% Internal Quantum Efficiency in an Organic Blue-Light Electrophosphorescent Device Using a Weak Electron Transporting Material with a Wide Energy Gap, Adv. Mater., 2009,21,1271-1274. [14] Wei Wei, Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson, Properties of Fluorenyl Silanes in Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2010,22,1724-1731.
[15]王灯旭,孙文艳,冯圣玉,含硅金属化合物,化学进展,2008,20,1651-1658.
[16]Qingchuan Han, Qiang Su, Lei Tang, Jinwu Feng, Ping Lu and Yanguang Wang, Electron Transfer and Aggregate Formation Coinduced Emission Enhancement of 9-Cycloheptatrienylidene Fluorenes in the Presence of Cupric Chloride, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,18702-18711.
[17]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Cathy K. W. Jim, Carrie Y. K. Chan, Zhiming Wang, Ping Lu, Chunmei Deng, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma and Ben Zhong Tang, Steric Hindrance, Electronic Communication, and Energy Transfer in the Photo- and Electroluminescence Processes of Aggregation-Induced Emission Lumino gens, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,7963-7972.
[18]Bingjia Xu, Zhenguo Chi, Haiyin Li, Xiqi Zhang, Xiaofang Li, Siwei Liu, Yi Zhang and Jiarui Xu, Synthesis and Properties of Aggregation-Induced Emission Compounds Containing Triphenylethene and Tetraphenylethene Moieties, J. Phys. Chem. C,2011,115,17574-17581.
[19]Hui Tong, Yongqiang Dong, Yuning Hong, Matthias Haussler, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Herman H.-Y. Sung, Xiaoming Yu, Jiaxin Sun, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-Induced Emission:Effects of Molecular Structure, Solid-State Conformation, and Morphological Packing Arrangement on Light-Emitting Behaviors of Diphenyldibenzofulvene Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007,111,2287-2294.
[20]Xiao Feng, Bin Tong, Jinbo Shen, Jianbing Shi, Tianyu Han, Long Chen, Junge Zhi, Ping Lu, Yuguang Ma and Yuping Dong, Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement of Aryl-Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. B,2010,114, 16731-16736.
[21]Jia Wang, Yunfeng Zhao, Chuandong Dou, Hui Sun, Peng Xu, Kaiqi Ye, Jingying Zhang, Shimei Jiang, Fei Li and Yue Wang, Alkyl and Dendron Substituted Quinacridones:Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescent Properties, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2007,111,5082-5089.
[22]Stefan Hecht and Jean M. J. Frechet, Dendritic Encapsulation of Function: Applying Nature's Site Isolation Principle from Biomimetics to Materials Science, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2001,40,74-91.
[23]Bao ToanNguyen, Julien E. Gautrot, Chuanyong Ji, Pierre Louis Brunner, My T. Nguyen and X. X. Zhu, Enhancing the Photo luminescence Intensity of Conjugated Polycationic Polymers by Using Quantum Dots as Antiaggregation Reagents, Langmuir,2006,22,4799-4803.
[24]Liaohai Chen, Su Xu, Duncan McBranch, and David Whitten, Tuning the Properties of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes through Surfactant Complexation, J. Am. Chem Soc.,2000,122,9302-9303.
[25]PeterN. Taylor, Michael J. O'Connell, Luke A. McNeill, Michael J. Hall, RobinT. Aplin and HarryL. Anderson, Insulated Molecular Wires:Synthesis of Conjugated Polyrotaxanes by Suzuki Coupling in Water, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2000,39, 3456-3460.
[26]Jingdong Luo, Zhiliang Xie, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Lin Cheng, Haiying Chen, Chengfeng Qiu, Hoi Sing Kwok, Xiaowei Zhan, Yunqi Liu, Daoben Zhu and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission of 1-methyl-1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenylsilole, Chem. Commun.,2001,11,1740-1741.
[27]Ben Zhong Tang, Xiaowei Zhan, Gui Yu, Priscilla Pui Sze Lee, Yunqi Liu and Daoben Zhu, Efficient blue emission from siloles, J. Mater. Chem,2001,11, 2974-2978.
[28]Byeong-Kwan An, Soon-Ki Kwon, Sang-Don Jung, and Soo Young Park, Enhanced Emission and Its Switching in Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles, J. Am Chem Soc.,2002,124,14410-14415.
[29]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Xiaoyuan Shen, Faisal Mahtab, Yong Yu, Ping Lu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission, self-assembly, and electroluminescence of 4,4'-bis(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)biphenyl, Chem Commun.,2010,46,686-688.
[30]Wang Zhang Yuan, Ping Lu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Zhiming Wang, Yang Liu, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma and Ben Zhong Tang, Changing the Behavior of Chromophores from Aggregation-Caused Quenching to Aggregation-Induced Emission:Development of Highly Efficient Light Emitters in the Solid State, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,2159-2163.
[31]Yang Liu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ping Lu, Ryan T. K. Kwok, Faisal Mahtab, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Tuning the Electronic Nature of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens with Enhanced Hole-Transporting Property, Chem Mater.,2011,23,2536-2544.
[32]Jing Huang, Ning Sun, Jie Yang, Runli Tang, Qianqian Li, Dongge Ma, Jingui Qin and Zhen Li, Benzene-cored fluorophors with TPE peripheries:facile synthesis, crystallization-induced blue-shifted emission, and efficient blue luminogens for non-doped OLEDs, Mater. Chem.,2012,22,12001-12007.
[33]张双,秦安军,孙景致,唐本忠,聚集诱导发光机理研究,化学进展,2011,23,4,623-636.
[34]Karasinghe A. N. Upamali, Leandro A. Estrada, Puran K. De, Xichen Cai, Jeanette A. Krause and Douglas C. Neckers, Carbazole-Based Cyano-Stilbene Highly Fluorescent Microcrystals, Langmuir,2011,27,1573-1580.
[35]Junwu Chen, Charles C. W. Law, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yuping Dong, Samuel M. F. Lo, Ian D. Williams, Daoben Zhu, and Ben Zhong Tang, Synthesis, Light Emission, Nanoaggregation, and Restricted Intramolecular Rotation of 1,1-Substituted 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsiloles, Chem. Mater.,2003,15,1535-1546.
[36]Yao-Ting Wu, Ming-Yu Kuo, Yu-Ting Chang, Chien-Chueh Shin, Tsun-Cheng Wu, Chia-Cheng Tai, Tzu-Heng Cheng and Wei-Szu Liu, Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical Properties of Highly Substituted 8,8a-Dihydrocyclopenta[a]indenes, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2008,47,9891-9894.
[37]Stefan Grimme, Do Special Noncovalent π-π Stacking Interactions Really Exist? Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,2008,47,3430-3434.
[38]Chun-Xue Yuan, Xu-Tang Tao, Lei Wang, Jia-Xiang Yang and Min-Hua Jiang, Fluorescent Turn-On Detection and Assay of Protein Based on Lambda (A)-Shaped Pyridinium Salts with Aggregation-Induced Emission Characteristics, J. Phys. Chem. C,2009,113,6809-6814.
[39]Kentaro Shiraishi, Taigo Kashiwabara, Takanobu Sanji and Masato Tanaka, Aggregation-induced emission of dendritic phosphole oxides, New J. Chem.,2009,33, 1680-1684.
[40]Hai-Ching Su, Omrane Fadhel, Chih-Jen Yang, Ting-Yi Cho, Claire Fave, Muriel Hissler, Chung-Chih Wu, and Regis Reau, Toward Functional π-Conjugated Organophosphorus Materials:Design of Phosphole-Based Oligomers for Electroluminescent Devices, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2006,128,983-995.
[41]Junwu Chen, Charles C. W. Law, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yuping Dong, Samuel M. F. Lo, Ian D. Williams, Daoben Zhu, and Ben Zhong Tang, Synthesis, Light Emission, Nanoaggregation, and Restricted Intramolecular Rotation of 1,1-Substituted 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsiloles, Chem. Mater.2003,15,1535-1546.
[42]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Cathy K. W. Jim, Carrie Y. K. Chan, Zhiming Wang, Ping Lu, Chunmei Deng, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma, and Ben Zhong Tang, Steric Hindrance, Electronic Communication, and Energy Transfer in the Photo- and Electroluminescence Processes of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens, J. Phys. Chem. C 2010,114,7963-7972.
[43]Yuning Honga, Jacky W. Y. Lama and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission:phenomenon, mechanism and applications, Chem. Commun,2009,29, 4332-4353.
[44]Gui Yu, Shiwei Yin, Yunqi Liu, Jiangshan Chen, Xinjun Xu, Xiaobo Sun, Dongge Ma, Xiaowei Zhan, QianPeng, Zhigang Shuai, Benzhong Tang, Daoben Zhu, Weihai Fang and Yi Luo, Structures, Electronic States, Photoluminescence, and Carrier Transport Properties of 1,1-Disubstituted 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylsiloles, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2005,127,6335-6346.
[45]Byeong-Kwan An, Deug-Sang Lee, Jong-Soon Lee, Yi-Sung Park, Hyung-Su Song, and Soo Young Park, Strongly Fluorescent Organogel System Comprising Fibrillar Self-Assembly of a Trifluoromethyl-Based Cyanostilbene Derivative, J. Am. Chem Soc.,2004,126,10232-10233.
[46]Karasinghe A. N. Upamali, Leandro A. Estrada, Puran K. De, Xichen Cai, Jeanette A. Krause and Douglas C. Neckers, Carbazole-Based Cyano-Stilbene Highly Fluorescent Microcrystals, Langmuir,2011,27,1573-1580.
[47]Yujian Zhang, Jingwei Sun, Gaofeng Bian, Yiyi Chen, Mi Ouyang, Bin Hu and Cheng Zhang, Cyanostilben-based derivatives:mechanical stimuli-responsive luminophors with aggregation-induced emission enhancement, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci.,2012,11,1414-1421.
[48]Michelle S. Liu, Xuezhong Jiang, Sen Liu, Petra Herguth, and AlexK.-Y. Jen, Effect of Cyano Substituents on Electron Affinity and Electron-Transporting, Macromolecules,2002,35,3532-3538.
[49]Sang Uck Lee, Rodion V. Belosludov, Hiroshi Mizuseki, and YoshiyukiKawazoe, Control of Electron Transport by Manipulating the Conjugated Framework, J. Phys. Chem. C,2007,111,15397-15403.
[50]Shigeyoshi Sato, Keisuke Tajima and Kazuhito Hashimoto, Synthesis and Characterization of Regioregular Cyano-Substituted Poly(p-phenylenevinylene), Macromolecules,2009,42,1785-1788.
[51]M. Barra, F. V. Di Girolamo, F. Chiarella, M. Salluzzo, Z. Chen, A. Facchetti, L. Anderson, and A. Cassinese, Transport Property and Charge Trap Comparison for N-Channel Perylene Diimide Transistors with Different Air-Stability, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,20387-20393.
[52]Yupeng Li, Feng Li, Houyu Zhang, Zengqi Xie, Weijie Xie, Hai Xu, Bao Li, Fangzhong Shen, Ling Ye, Muddasir Hanif, Dongge Ma and Yuguang Ma, Tight intermolecular packing through supramolecular interactions in crystals of cyano substituted oligo(para-phenylene vinylene):a key factor for aggregation-induced emission, Chem. Commun.,2007,231-233.
[53]Yulan Chen, Yuxia Lv, Yang Han, Bo Zhu, Fan Zhang, Zhishan Bo and Chen-Yang Liu, Dendritic Effect on Supramolecular Self-Assembly:Organogels with Strong Fluorescence Emission Induced by Aggregation, Langmuir,2009,25, 8548-8555.
[54]Anjun Qin, Cathy K. W. Jim, Youhong Tang, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Jianzhao Liu, Faisal Mahtab, Ping Gao and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-Enhanced Emissions of Intramolecular Excimers in Disubstituted Polyacetylenes, J. Phys. Chem. B,2008, 112,9281-9288..
[55]Yves Ruff, Eric Buhler, Sauveur-Jean Candau, Ellina Kesselman, Yeshayahu Talmon and Jean-Marie Lehn, Glycodynamers:Dynamic Polymers Bearing Oligosaccharides Residues-Generation, Structure, Physicochemical, Component Exchange, and Lectin Binding Properties, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2010,132,2573-2584
[56]Yves Ruff and Jean-Marie Lehn, Glycodynamers:Fluorescent Dynamic Analogues of Polysaccharides, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed.,2008,47,3556-3559.
[57]Ming-Xin Zhu, Wei Lu, Nianyong Zhu and Chi-Ming Che, Platinum Complexes Structures and Solvatochromic Phosphorescence of Dicationic Terpyridyl-Platinum(Ⅱ) Complexes with Foldable Oligo(ortho-phenyleneethynylene) Bridging Ligands, Chem. Eur. J.,2008,14,9736-9746.
[58]Bala. Manimaran, P. Thanasekaran, T. Rajendran, Ren-Jay Lin, I-Jy Chang, Gene-Hsiang Lee, Shie-Ming Peng, S. Rajagopal, and Kuang-Lieh Lu, Luminescence Enhancement Induced by Aggregation of Alkoxy-Bridged Rhenium (I) Molecular Rectangles, Inorg. Chem.,2002,41,5323-5325.
[59]C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, Organic electroluminescent diodes, Appl. Phy. Lett.,1987,51,913-915.
[60]Shufen Chen, Lingling Deng, Jun Xie, Ling Peng, Linghai Xie, Quli Fan and Wei Huang, Recent Developments in Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,5227-5239.
[61]Pierre M. Beaujuge and John R. Reynolds, Color Control in π-Conjugated Organic Polymers for Use in Electrochromic Devices, Chem. Rev.,2010,110,268-320.
[62]Bodo H. Wallikewitz, Matthias de la Rosa, Jonas H.-W. M. Kremer, Dirk Hertel and Klaus Meerholz, A Lasing Organic Light-Emitting Diode, Adv. Mater.,2010,22, 531-534.
[63]Jonathan G.C. Veinot and Tobin J. Marks, Toward the Ideal Organic Light-Emitting Diode. The Versatility and Utility of Interfacial Tailoring by Cross-Linked Siloxane Interlayers, Ace. Chem. Res.,2005,38,632-643.
[64]Abhishek P. Kulkarni, Christopher J. Tonzola, Amit Babel and Samson A. Jenekhe, Electron Transport Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2004,16,4556-4573.
[65]Paul L. Burn, Shih-Chun Lo and Ifor D. W. Samuel, The Development of Light-Emitting Dendrimers for Displays, Adv. Mater.,2007,19,1675-1688.
[66]Jianzhao Liu, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced Emission of Silole Molecules and Polymers:Fundamental and Applications, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym.,2009,19,249-285.
[67]Yuriy N. Luponosov, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Nikolay M. Surin, and Aziz M. Muza farov, Facile Synthesis and Optical Properties of Bithiophenesilane Monodendrons and Dendrimers, Org. Lett.,2008,10,2753-2756.
[68]Jean Roncali, Philippe Leriche and Antonio Cravino, From One- to Three-Dimensional Organic Semiconductors:In Search of the Organic Silicon?, Adv. Mater.,2007,19,2045-2060.
[69]Yuriy N. Luponosov, Sergei A. Ponomarenko, Nikolay M. Surin, Oleg V. Borshchev, Elena A. Shumilkina and Aziz M. Muza farov, First Organosilicon Molecular Antennas, Chem. Mater.,2009,21,447-455.
[70]Yasuhiro Shirai, Long Cheng, Bo Chen, and James M. Tour, Characterization of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Fullerene Derivatives on Gold Surfaces:Implications for Device Evaluations, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2006,128,13479-13489.
[71]Youngmin You, Cheng-Guo An, Deug-Sang Lee, Jang-Joo Kim and Soo Young Park, Silicon-containing dendritic tris-cyclometalated Ir (Ⅲ) complex and its electro-phosphorescence in a polymer host, J. Mater. Chem.,2006,16,4706-4713.
[72]Dong-Ren Bai and Suning Wang, Comparative Study on Tetrahedral and Tripodal Luminescent Silane and Methane Compounds with a 2,2'-Dipyridylamino Group, Organometallics,2004,23,5958-5966.
[73]Xue-Ming Liu, Jianwei Xu, Xuehong Lu and Chaobin He, Novel Glassy Tetra(N-akyl-3-bromocarbazole-6-y1)silanes as Building Blocks for Efficient and Nonaggregating Blue-Light-Emitting Tetrahedral Materials, Org, Lett.,2005,7,2829-2832.
[74]Xue-Ming Liu, Tingting Lin, Junchao Huang, Xiao-Tao Hao, Kian Soo Ong, and Chaobin He, Hyperbranched Blue to Red Light-Emitting Polymers with Tetraarylsilyl Cores:Synthesis, Optical and Electro luminescence Properties, and ab Initio Modeling Studies, Macromolecules,2005,38,4157-4168.
[75]Li-Hsin Chan, Rong-Ho Lee, Chia-Fen Hsieh, Hsiu-Chih Yeh and Chin-Ti Chen, Optimization of High-Performance Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Tetraphenylsilane Molecular Glass Materials, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2002,124,6469-6479.
[76]Warren J. Oldham, Jr., Rene J. Lachicotte and Guillermo C. Bazan, Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Morphology of Tetrastilbenoidmethanes, J. Am. Chem Soc.,1998, 120,2987-2988.
[77]Yi-Yeol Lyu, Jeonghun Kwak, Woo Sung Jeon, Younghun Byun, Hyo Sug Lee, Doseok Kim, Changhee Lee and Kookheon Char, Highly Effcient Red Phosphorescent OLEDs based on Non-Conjugated Silicon-Cored Spirobifluorene Derivative Doped with Ir-Complexes, Adv. Funct. Mater.2009,19,420-427.
[78]Disilane- and siloxane-bridged biphenyl and bithiophene derivatives aselectron-transporting materials in OLEDs, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 2008,69,3490-3494.
[79]Qun Shen, Shanghui Ye, Gui Yu, Ping Lu and Yunqi Liu, Synthesis of tetraarylsilanes and its usage as blueemitters in electroluminescence, Synthetic Metals, 2008,158,1054-1058. [80] Gui Yu, Xinjun Xu, Yunqi Liu, Zuoquan Jiang, Shiwei Yin, Zhigang Shuai,
Daoben Zhu, Xiaobang Duan, and Ping Lu, Effcient blue electroluminescent device using tetra(b-naphthyl)silaneas a hole-blocking material, Appl. Phys. Lett.2005,87, 222115.
[81]Lixin Xiao, Shi-Jian Su, Yuya Agata, Hsinglin Lan and Junji Kido, Nearly 100% Internal Quantum Efficiency in an Organic Blue-Light Electrophosphorescent Device Using a Weak Electron Transporting Material with a Wide Energy Gap, Adv. Mater. 2009,21,1271-1274.
[82]Dong-Ren Bai, Xiang-Yang Liu and Suning Wang, Charge-Transfer Emission Involving Three-Coordinate Organoboron:V-Shape versus U-Shape andImpact of the Spacer on Dual Emission and Fluorescent Sensing, Chem. Eur. J.,2007,13, 5713-5723.
[83]Ming Wang, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang, Daoben Zhu and Ben Zhong Tang, Fluorescent bio/chemosensors based on silole and tetraphenylethene luminogens with aggregation-induced emission feature, J. Mater. Chem.,2010,20,1858-1867.
[84]Yuning Hong, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission:phenomenon, mechanism and applications, Chem. Commun,2009, 4332-4353.
[85]Manchun Zhao, Ming Wang, Huajie Liu, Dongsheng Liu, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang and Daoben Zhu, Continuous On-Site Label-Free ATP Fluorometric Assay Based on Aggregation-Induced Emission of Silole, Langmuir,2009,25, 676-678.
[86]Vandana Bhalla, Harshveer Arora, Hardev Singh and Manoj Kumar, Triphenylene derivatives:chemosensors for sensitive detection of nitroaromatic explosives, Dalton Trans.,2013,42,969-674.
[87]Samuel W. Thomas Ⅲ, Guy D. Joly and Timothy M. Swager, Chemical Sensors Based on Amplifying Fluorescent Conjugated Polymers, Chem. Rev.,2007,107, 1339-1386.
[88]Mohammad M. Qasim, Brett Moore, Lyssa Taylor, Leonid Gorb, Jerzy Leszczynski and Patricia Honea, Structural Characteristics and Reactivity Relationships of Nitroaromatic and Nitramine Explosives-A Review of Our Computational Chemistry and Spectroscopic Research, Int. J. Mol. Sci.,2007,8, 1234-1264.
[89]John V. Goodpaster and Victoria L. McGuffin, Fluorescence Quenching as an Indirect Detection Method for Nitrated Explosives, Anal. Chem.,2001,73, 2004-2011.
[90]David R Ownby, Jason B. Belden, Guilherme R Lotufo, Michael J. Lydya, Accumulation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in aquatic organisms:Part 1-Bioconcentration and distribution in channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus), Chemosphere,2005,58, 1153-1159.
[91]Jason B. Belden, David R Ownby, Guilherme R Lotufo and Michael J. Lydya, Accumulation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in aquatic organisms:Part 2-Bioconcentration in aquatic invertebrates and potential for trophic transfer to channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus), Chemosphere,2005,58,1161-1168.
[92]Michael E. Honeycutt, A.Susan Jarvis and Victor A. McFarland, Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene and Its Metabolites, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 1996,35,282-287.
[93]Bernard Lachancea, Pierre Yves Robidoux, Jalal Hawari, Guy Ampleman, Sonia Thiboutot, Geoffrey I. Sunahara, Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of energetic compounds on bacterial and mammalian cells in vitrol, Mutat Res., Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen.,1999,444,25-29.
[94]Yolanda Salinas, Ramon Martinez-Manez, Maria D. Marcos, Felix Sancenon, Ana M. Costero, Margarita Parra and Salvador G, Optical chemosensors and reagents to detect explosives, Chem. Soc. Rev.,2012,41,1261-1296.
[95]Sarah J. Toal, Douglas Magde and William C. Trogler, Luminescent oligo(tetraphenyl)silole nanoparticles as chemical sensors for aqueous TNT, Chem. Commun.,2005,0,5465-5467.
[96]Kentaro Shiraishi, Takanobu Sanji and Masato Tanaka, Trace Detection of Explosive Particulates with a Phosphole Oxide, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces,2009,1, 1379-1382.
[97]Jianzhao Liu, Yongchun Zhong, Ping Lu, Yuning Hong, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Mahtab Faisal, Yong Yu, Kam Sing Wong and Ben Zhong Tang, A superamplification effect in the detection of explosives by a fluorescent hyperbranched poly(silylenephenylene) with aggregation-enhanced emission characteristics, Polym. Chem.,2010,1,426-429.
[98]Mahtab Faisal, Yuning Hong, Jianzhao Liu, Yong Yu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Anjun Qin, Ping Lu, Ben Zhong Tang, Fabrication of Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles Hybridized with AIE Luminogens and Exploration of Their Applications as Nanobiosensors in Intracellular Imaging, Chem. Eur. J.,2010,16,4266-42
[1]Zujin Zhao, Shuming Chen, Xiao yuan Shen, Faisal Mahtab, Yong Yu, Ping Lu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission, self-assembly, and electroluminescence of 4,4'-bis(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)bip--henyl, Chem. Commun.,2010,46,686-688.
[2]Wang Zhang Yuan, Ping Lu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Zhiming Wang, Yang Liu, Hoi Sing Kwok, Yuguang Ma and Ben Zhong Tang, Changing the Behavior of Chromophores from Aggregation-Caused Quenching to Aggregation-Induced Emission:Development of Highly Efficient Light Emitters in the Solid State, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,2159-2163.
[3]Yang Liu, Shuming Chen, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ping Lu, Ryan T. K. Kwok, Faisal Mahtab, Hoi Sing Kwok and Ben Zhong Tang, Tuning the Electronic Nature of Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens with Enhanced Hole-Transporting Property, Chem. Mater.,2011,23,2536-2544.
[4]Jing Huang, Ning Sun, Jie Yang, Runli Tang, QianqianLi, Dongge Ma, Jingui Qin and Zhen Li, Benzene-cored fluorophors with TPE peripheries:facile synthesis, crystallization-induced blue-shifted emission, and efficient blue luminogens for non-doped OLEDs, Mater. Chem.,2012,22,12001-12007.
[5]Yan Ren, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yongqiang Dong, Ben Zhong Tang, and Kam Sing Wong, Enhanced Emission Efficiency and Excited State Lifetime Due to Restricted Intramolecular Motion in Silole Aggregates, J. Phys. Chem. B,2005,109,1135-1140.
[6]Zhen Li, Yongqiang Dong, Baoxiu Mi, Youhong Tang, Matthias Haussler, Hui Tong, Yuping Dong, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Yan Ren, Herman H. Y. Sung, Kam S. Wong, Ping Gao, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok, and Ben Zhong Tang, Structural Control of the Photoluminescence of Silole Regioisomers and Their Utility as Sensitive Regiodiscriminating Chemosensors and Efficient Electroluminescent Materials, J. Phys. Chem. B,2005,109,10061-10066.
[7]Tao Jiang, Yibing Jiang, Wei Qin, Shuming Chen, Yahong Lu, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Bairong He, Ping Lu, Herman H. Y. Sung, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok, Zujin Zhao, Huayu Qiu and Ben Zhong Tang, Naphthalene-substitutedb2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl--siloles:synthesis, structure, aggregation-induced emission and efficient electrolumi--nescence, J. Mater. Chem.,2012,22,20266-20272.
[8]Xiang Shen, Guanxin Zhang, and Deqing Zhang, A New Fluorometric Turn-On Detection of 1-Lactic Acid Based on the Cascade Enzymatic and Chemical Reactions and the Abnormal Fluorescent Behavior of Silol, Org. Lett.2012,14,1744-1747.
[9]Jianzhao Liu, Yongchun Zhong, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Ping Lu, Yuning Hong, Yong Yu, Yanan Yue, Mahtab Faisal, Herman H. Y. Sung, Ian D. Williams, Kam Sing Wong and Ben Zhong Tang, Hyperbranched Conjugated Polysiloles:Synthesis, Structure, Aggregation-Enhanced Emission, Multicolor Fluorescent Photopatterning, and Superamplified Detection of Explosives, Macromolecules,2010,43,4921-4936.
[10]Ming Wang, Guanxin Zhang, Deqing Zhang, Daoben Zhu and Ben Zhong Tang, Fluorescent bio/chemosensors based on silole and tetraphenylethene luminogens with aggregation-induced emission feature, J. Mater. Chem.,2010,20,1858-1867.
[11]Yuning Hong, Jacky W. Y. Lam and Ben Zhong Tang, Aggregation-induced emission:phenomenon, mechanism and applications, Chem. Commun.,2009, 4332-4353.
[12]Trisha L. Andrew and Timothy M. Swager, A Fluorescence Turn-On Mechanism to Detect High Explosives RDX and PETN, T. L. Andrew and T. M. Swager, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2007,129,7254-7255.
[13]Yolanda Salinas, Ramon Martinez-Manez, Maria D. Marcos, Felix Sancenon, Ana M. Costero, Margarita Parra and Salvador G, Optical chemosensors and reagents to detect explosives, Chem. Soc. Rev.,2012,41,1261-1296.
[14]Qianjun He, Jianlin Shi, Xiangzhi Cui, Jinjin Zhao, Yu Chen and Jian Zhou, Rhodamine B-co-condensed spherical SBA-15 nanoparticles:facile co-condensation synthesis and excellent fluorescence features, J. Mater. Chem.,2009,19,3395-3403.
[15]J. K. Fang, D. L. An, K. Wakamatsu, T. Ishikawa, T. Iwanaha, S. Toyota, S. I. Akita, A. Matsuo, A. Orita, J. Otera, Tetrahedron,2010,66,5479.
[16]Guohua Hou, Francis Gosselin, Wei Li, J. Christopher McWilliams, Yongkui Sun, Mark Weisel, Paul D. O'Shea, Cheng-yi Chen, Ian W. Davies and Xumu Zhang, Enantioselective Hydrogenation of N-H Imines, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2009,131, 9882-9883.
[17]Z. D. Du, J. H. Chen, X. L. Bei, C. G. Zhou, Organosilicon Chemistry,2nd Ed. Higher Education Press, Beijing,1992,86-87.
[18]Shufen Chen, Lingling Deng, Jun Xie, Ling Peng, Linghai Xie, Quli Fan and Wei Huang, Recent Developments in Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Diodes, Adv. Mater.,2010,22,5227-5239.
[19]Dong-Ren Bai and Suning Wang, Comparative Study on Tetrahedral and Tripodal Luminescent Silane and Methane Compounds with a 2,2'-Dipyridylamino Group, Organometallics,2004,23,5958-5966.
[20]Xue-Ming Liu, Jianwei Xu, Xuehong Lu and Chaobin He, Novel Glassy Tetra(N-alky1-3-bromocarbazole-6-y1)silanes as Building Blocks for Efficient and Nonaggregating Blue-Light-Emitting Tetrahedral Materials, Org. Lett.,2005,7, 2829-2832.
[21]Li-Hsin Chan, Rong-Ho Lee, Chia-Fen Hsieh, Hsiu-Chih Yeh and Chin-Ti Chen, Optimization of High-Performance Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Tetraphenylsilane Molecular Glass Materials, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2002,124,6469-6479.
[22]Shoucheng Dong, Zhen Li and Jingui Qin, New Carbazole-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. B,2009,113,434-441.
[23]M. J. Frisch, G. W. Trucks, H. B. Schlegel, G. E. Scuseria, M. A. Robb, J. R Cheeseman, J. A. Montgomery Jr., T. Vreven, K. N. Kudin, J. C. Burant, J. M. Millam, et al., Gaussian 03, Revision D.01, Gaussian, Inc.:Wallingford, CT,2004.
[24]Hisahiro Sasabe, Eisuke Gonmori, Takayuki Chiba, Yan-Jun Li, Daisaku Tanaka, Shi-Jian Su, Takashi Takeda, Yong-Jin Pu, Ken-ichi Nakayama and Junji Kido Wide-Energy-Gap Electron-Transport Materials Containing 3,5-Dipyridylphenyl Moieties for an Ultra High Efficiency Blue Organic Light-Emitting Device, Chem. Mater.2008,20,5951-5953.
[25]Shi-Jian Sul, Eisuke Gonmori, Hisahiro Sasabe, Junji Kido, Highly Efficient Organic Blue-and White-Light-Emitting Devices Having a Carrier- and Exciton-Confining Structure for Reduced Efficiency Roll-Off, Adv. Mater.2008,20, 4189-4194.
[26]Amber L. Von Ruden, Lelia Cosimbescu, Evgueni Polikarpov, Phillip K. Koech, James S. Swensen, Liang Wang, Jens T. Darsell, and Asanga B. Padmaperuma, Phosphine Oxide Based Electron Transporting and Hole Blocking Materials for Blue Electrophosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Devices, Chem. Mater.,2010,22, 5678-5686.
[27]Wei Wei, Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson, Properties of Fluorenyl Silanes in Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2010,22,1724-1731.
[28]Qingchuan Han, Qiang Su, Lei Tang, JinwuFeng, Ping Lu, and Yanguang Wang Electron Transfer and Aggregate Formation Coinduced Emission Enhancement of 9-Cycloheptatrienylidene Fluorenes in the Presence of Cupric Chloride, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114,18702-18711.
[29]Yan Qian, Minmin Cai, Xinhui Zhou, Zhiqiang Gao, Xupeng Wang, Yuezhi Zhao, Xiaohong Yan, Wei Wei, Linghai Xie, and Wei Huang, More than Restriction of Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer:Three-Dimensional Expanded-Shaped Cross-Molecular Packing for Emission Enhancement in Aggregates, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2012,116,12187-12195.
[30]Haehyun Nam, Bruno Boury, and Soo Young Park, Anisotropic Polysilsesquioxanes with Fluorescent Organic Bridges:Transcription of Strong π-π Interactions of Organic Bridges to the Long-Range Ordering of Silsesquioxanes, Chem. Mater.,2006,18,5716-5721.
[31]Hui Tong, Yongqiang Dong, Yuning Hong, Matthias Haussler, Jacky W. Y. Lam, Herman H.-Y. Sung, Xiaoming Yu, Jiaxin Sun, Ian D. Williams, Hoi Sing Kwok, and Ben Zhong Tang Aggregation-Induced Emission:Effects of Molecular Structure, Solid-State Conformation, and Morphological Packing Arrangement on Light-Emitting Behaviors of Diphenyldibenzofulvene Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007,111,2287-2294.
[32]Shoucheng Dong, Zhen Li and Jingui Qin, New Carbazole-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. B,2009,113,434-441.
[33].张双,秦安军,孙景志,唐本忠,聚集诱导发光机理研究,化学进展,2011,23,623-636.
[34]Byeong-Kwan An, Johannes Gierschner, and Soo Young Park,π-Conjugated Cyanostilbene Derivatives:A Unique Self-Assembly Motif for Molecular Nanostructures with Enhanced Emission and Transport, Acc. Chem. Res.,2012,45, 544-554.
[35]Malgorzata Domagala, Slawomir J. Grabowski, Katarzyna Urbaniak, and Grzegorz Mloston, Role of C-H…S and C-H…N Hydrogen Bonds in Organic Crystal Structures-The Crystal and Molecular Structure of 3-Methyl-2,4-dphenyl-(1,3)-thiaz-olidine-5-spiro-2'-adamantane and 3-Methy1-2,4,5,5-tetraphenyl-(1,3)-thiazolid-ine, J. Phys. Chem. A,2003,107,2730-2736.
[36]Solhe F. Alshahateet, Roger Bishop, Donald C. Craig, and Marcia L. Scudder, Role of Double C-H…N Weak Hydrogen Bonding Motifs in N-Heteroaromatic Inclusion Chemistry, Cryst. Growth Des.2004,4,837-844
[37]Kenneth E. Maly, Thierry Maris, Eric Gagnon, and James D. Wuest Inclusion Compounds of Hexakis(4-cyanophenyl)benzene:Open Networks Maintained by C-H-N Interactions, Cryst Growth Des.2006,2,461-466.
[38]Young J. Hong and Dean J. Tantillo. Perturbing the Structure of the 2-Norbornyl Cation through C-H…N and C-H…π Interactions, J. Org. Chem.,2007,72,8877-8881.
[39]Shane G. Telfer and James D. Wuest, Metallotectons:Comparison of Molecular Networks Built from Racemic and Enantiomerically Pure Tris(dipyrrinato)cobalt(III) Complexes, Cryst. Growth Des.,2009,4,1923-1931.
[40]Angshuman R. Choudhury, Kabirul Islam, Michael T. Kirchner, Goverdhan Mehta, and Tayur N. Guru Row, In Situ Cryocrystallization of Diphenyl Ether: C-H…π Mediated Polymorphic Forms, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2004,126,12274-12275.
[41]Solhe F. Alshahateet, Roger Bishop, Donald C. Craig, and Marcia L. Scudder, Role of Double C-H…N Weak Hydrogen Bonding Motifs in N-Heteroaromatic Inclusion Chemistry, J. Phys. Chem. B,2007,111,5861-5868.
[42]Kazuaki Aburaya, Kazunori Nakano, Kazuki Sada, Nungruethai Yoswathananont, Masashi Shigesato, Ichiro Hisaki, Norimitsu Tohnai and MikijiMiyata, Importance of Weak Hydrogen Bonds in the Formation of Cholamide Inclusion Crystals with Aromatic Guests, Cryst. Growth Des.,2008,8,1013-1022.
[43]Neng-Fang She, Meng Gao, Xiang-Gao Meng, Guang-Fu Yang, Johannes A. A. W. Elemans, An-Xin Wu and Lyle Isaacs, Supramolecular Rhombic Grids Formed from Bimolecular Building Blocks, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2009,131,11695-11697.
[44]Eric Gagnon, Thierry Maris, Pierre-Marc Arseneault, Kenneth E. Maly and James D. Wuest, Structural Features in Crystals of Derivatives of Benzene with Multiple Contiguous Phenyl Substituents, Cryst. Growth Des.,2010,10,648-657.
[45]Hong-Hua Fang, Qi-Dai Chen, Jie Yang, Hong Xia, Bing-Rong Gao, Jing Feng, Yu-Guang Ma and Hong-Bo Sun, Two-Photon Pumped Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Cyano-Substituted Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) Crystals with Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. C,2010,114, 11958-11961.
[46]Chetan Jagdish Bhongale, Chih-Wei Chang, Chi-Shen Lee, Eric Wei-Guang Diau, and Chain-Shu Hsu, Relaxation Dynamics and Structural Characterization of Organic Nanoparticles with Enhanced Emission, J. Phys. Chem. B.,2005,109, 13472-13478
[47]Julien E. Gautrot, X. X. Zhu, Main-Chain Bile Acid Based Degradable Elastomers Synthesized by Entropy-Driven Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.,2006,45,7026-7028.
[48]Frank Wurthner, Zhijian Chen, Volker Dehm and Vladimir Stepanenko, One-dimensional luminescent nanoaggregates of perylene bisimides, Chem. Commun.,2006,42,1188-1190
[49]Seong-Jun Yoon, Jong Won Chung, Johannes Gierschner, Kil Suk Kim, Moon-Gun Choi, Dongho Kim, and Soo Young Park, Multistimuli Two-Color Luminescence Switching via Different Slip-Stacking of Highly Fluorescent Molecular Sheets, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,2010,132,13675-13683.
[50]Sankarasekaran Shanmugaraju, Sachin A. Joshi and Partha Sarathi Mukherjee, Fluorescence and visual sensing of nitroaromatic explosives using electron rich discrete fluorophores, J. Mater. Chem,2011,21,9130-9138.
[51]Gang He, Guofang Zhang, Fengting Lu and Yu Fang, Fluorescent Film Sensor for Vapor-Phase Nitroaromatic Explosives via Monolayer Assembly of Oligo(diphenylsilane) on Glass Plate Surfaces, Chem. Mater.,2009,21,1494-1499.
[52]Melissa S. Meaney, Victoria L. McGuffin, Investigation of common fluorophores for the detection of nitrated explosives by fluorescence quenching, Anal. Chim. Acta, 2008,610,57-67.
[1]David R. Rudell, Jamesp. Mattheis and Johnk. F Ellman, Influence of Ethylene Action, Storage Atmosphere, and Storage Duration on Diphenylamine and Diphenylamine Derivative Content of Granny Smith Apple Peel, J. Agric. Food Chem. 2006,54,2365-2371.
[2]Peter Robatscher, Daniela Eisenstecken, Fabiola Sacco, Hannes Pohl, Jennifer Berger, Angelo Zanella and Michael Oberhuber, Diphenylamine Residues in Apples Caused by Contamination in Fruit Storage Facilities, J. Agric. Food Chem.2012,60, 2205-2211.
[3]Oliver Dalby, David Butler and Jason W. Birkett, Analysis of Gunshot Residue and Associated Materials-A Review, J Forensic Sci,2010,4,924-943.
[4]Yan Tong, Zhuping Wu, Chengdui Yang, Jianyuan Yu, Xinrong Zhang, Shijie Yang, Xinyuan Deng, Yucai Xu and Yuxiu Wen, Determination of diphenylamine stabilizer and its nitrated derivatives in smokeless gunpowder using a tandem MS method, Analyst,2001,126,480-484.
[5]Naim Malaj, Zheng Ouyang, Giovanni Sindona and R. Graham Cooks, Analysis of pesticide residues by leaf spray mass spectrometry, Anal. Methods,2012,4, 1913-1919.
[6]Maka Vuki, Kwok-Keung Shiu, Michal Galik, Aoife M. O'Mahony and Joseph Wang, Simultaneous electrochemical measurement of metal and organic propellan constituents of gunshot residues, Analyst,2012,137,3265-3270.
[7]Desire Laza, Bart Nys, Jan De Kinder, Andree Kirsch-De Mesmaeker, and Cecile Moucheron, Development of a Quantitative LC-MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Common Propellant Powder Stabilizers in Gunshot Residue, J Forensic Sci,2007,4, 842-850.
[8]Ingeborg E. Iping Petterson, Maria Lopez-Lopez, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Cees Gooijer Joost B. Buijs and Freek Ariese, Noninvasive Detection of Concealed Explosives:Depth Profiling through Opaque Plastics by Time-Resolved Raman Spectroscopy, Anal. Chem.2011,83,8517-8523.
[9]Takatsugu hi, Andrew S. Ichimura, Noboru Koga and Hiizu Iwamura, Magnetic Interaction between Two Triplet Nitrene Units through Diphenylsilane and 1,2-Diphenyldisilane Couplers, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,1993,115,8928-8932.
[10]Giseop Kwak and Toshio Masuda, Poly(silyleneethynylenephenylene) and Poly(silylenephenyleneethynylenephenylene)s:Synthesis and Photophysical Properties Related to Charge Transfer, Macromolecules,2002,35,4138-4142.
[11]Qun Shen, Shanghui Ye, Gui Yu, Ping Lu, Yunqi Liu, Synthesis of tetraarylsilanes and its usage as blue emitters in electroluminescence, Synthetic Metals.,2008,158,1054-1058.
[12]Zhonghua Luo, Hongjun Zhu, Guangliang Song, Jin Chang, Rui Liu, Synthesis and photophysical properties of a series of thermally stable terphenyl-bridged bisbenzimidazoles, Dyes Pigments,2011,88,274-279.
[13]Sung Ouk Jung, Qinghua Zhao, Jong-Won Park, Seul Ong Kim, Yun-Hi Kim, Hyoung-Yun Oh, Jinho Kim, Soon-Ki Kwon, Youngjin Kang, A green emitting iridium (III) complex with narrow emission band and its application to phosphorescence organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), Organic Electronics,2009, 10,1066-1073.
[14]M. J. Frisch, G. W. Trucks, H. B. Schlegel, G. E. Scuseria, M. A. Robb, J. R. Cheeseman, J. A. Montgomery Jr., T. Vreven, K. N. Kudin, J. C. Burant, J. M. Millam, et al., Gaussian03, Revision D.01, Gaussian, Inc.:Wallingford, CT,2004.
[15]Dong-Ren Bai and Suning Wang, Comparative Study on Tetrahedral and Tripodal Luminescent Silane and Methane Compounds with a 2,2'-Dipyridylamino Group, Organometallics,2004,23,5958-5966.
[16]Amber L. Von Ruden, Lelia Cosimbescu, Evgueni Polikarpov, Phillip K. Koech, James S. Swensen, Liang Wang, Jens T. Darsell, and Asanga B. Padmaperuma, Phosphine Oxide Based Electron Transporting and Hole Blocking Materials for Blue Electrophosphorescent Organic Light Emitting Devices, Chem. Mater.,2010,22, 5678-5686.
[17]Wei Wei, Peter I. Djurovich and Mark E. Thompson, Properties of Fluorenyl Silanes in Organic Light Emitting Diodes, Chem. Mater.,2010,22,1724-1731.
[18]Shoucheng Dong, Zhen Li and Jingui Qin, New Carbazole-Based Fluorophores: Synthesis, Characterization, and Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement, J. Phys. Chem. B,2009,113,434-441.
[19]Haehyun Nam, Bruno Bouryand Soo Young Park, Anisotropic Polysilsesquioxanes with Fluorescent Organic Bridges:Transcription of Strong π-π Interactions of Organic Bridges to the Long-Range Ordering of Silsesquioxanes, Chem. Mater.2006,18,5716-5721.
[20]Xiao Feng, Bin Tong, Jinbo Shen, Jianbing Shi, Tianyu Han, Long Chen, Junge Zhi, Ping Lu, Yuguang Ma and Yuping Dong, Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhancement of Aryl-Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives, J. Phys. Chem. B,2010,114, 16731-16736.