小球藻处理生活污水及污泥提取液的试验研究
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摘要
大气中CO2浓度的上升导致了温室效应、海洋酸化等一系列环境生态问题,已经引起了国际社会的高度关注。因此,CO2的减排刻不容缓。本论文将污水中的碳源(COD)转化为某种生物可利用的形式而不是CO2,以减少污水处理过程中CO2的产生和排放。因此试验采用小球藻处理生活污水及污泥提取液。
由正交试验探讨了小球藻处理生活污水的效果,分析了小球藻处理生活污水最佳的碳氮磷比例,生活污水中pH的变化及小球藻的生长情况。试验结果表明:小球藻处理生活污水最佳的碳氮磷比例为160:24:1,同时,小球藻对污水中COD、氨氮、正磷酸盐也有很好的处理效果,最大去除率分别为96.11%、98.72%、81.79%。试验结果还发现,初始COD浓度越高,则COD去除效果越好;而且在COD浓度相同的情况下,磷浓度越高,氨氮的去除率也越高。此外,小球藻处理生活污水过程中,水体偏碱性,但并未影响小球藻的生长。
污泥是污水处理中COD的最终载体。试验采用加热煮沸、超声波、厌氧发酵等不同的方法对污泥进行了预处理,其中超声波破碎处理污泥的效果较好,其污泥提取液中COD、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的含量较高。利用小球藻处理污泥提取液,结果表明,小球藻对提取液中COD、TN、TP均有较高的去除率,最大去除率分别为97.41%、92.88%、73.98%,且处理过程水体偏碱性。由于污泥提取液中物质浓度较高,试验小球藻的生长有适应期,生长状况良好。这说明小球藻在高浓度的有机物中仍可生长。
小球藻处理生活污水及污泥提取液是CO2减排的间接方法,收获的小球藻可作为蛋白饲料或饲料添加剂。这种兼具环境效益和经济效益的利用方式,符合可持续发展与循环经济的原则,因而具有广阔的应用前景。
The greenhouse effect, ocean acidification and other environmental and ecological issues were caused by the increase of CO2 concentration in atmosphere ,which has been paid great attention by the international community. Therefore, the reduction of CO2 emission is imperative. In this paper, the carbon source (COD) in domestic sewage will be transferred into some kind of bio-available form instead of CO2 to reduce CO2 emissions during the domestic sewage treatment process.So Chlorella will be used to treat the domestic sewage and sludge extractions.
The treatment effect of domestic sewage by Chlorella was discussed with orthogonal test ,the best ratio of carbon :nitrogen :phosphorus ,the variation of pH and the growth of Chlorella were also analyzed .The results of the experiment show that: the best ratio of carbon :nitrogen :phosphorus was 160:24:1 during the treatment of domestic sewage by Chlorella, meanwhile ,the fine removal effect of ammonia nitrogen, phosphates by Chlorella in domestic sewage was obtained , the highest removal rates were 96.11%, 98.72%, 81.79% respectively. The result of experiment also demonstrated the higher the initial COD concentration was , the greater COD removal efficiency was got. Besides, under the condition of the same concentration of COD , ammonia nitrogen removal rate was increased with the concentration of phosphorus. In addition, the domestic sewage water is in alkaline during treatment by Chlorella, which did not affect the growth of Chlorella vulgaris.
The sludge is the final carrier of COD in wastewater treatment. Firstly, different pretreatments of sewage sludge such as thermal treatment, ultrasonic waves, anaerobic digestion, etc. were taken in this study to get extractions, and the best result of the sewage sludge pretreatment was obtained by ultrasonic waves. Furthermore, the Chlorella sp. was used to treat the sewage sludge extractions, and the experimental results showed that the high removal rate of COD, TN and TP was 97.41%, 92.88% and 73.98% respectively, besides, the sludge extracton is in alkaline during the treatment process. Moreover, the lag phase was showed through the the growth of Chlorella ,which may be due to higher concentrations of substances in sludge extraction .It can be concluded that Chlorella could still grow with the high concentration of organic matter.
It is the indirect method of CO2 emission reduction to treat the domestic sewage and sludge extractions by Chlorella. Being as the protein feed or the feed additive of the harvested Chlorella is the way for its utilization, which is in conformity with the principle of sustainable development and circular economy for its economic and environmental benefit, and thus has a bright future.
由正交试验探讨了小球藻处理生活污水的效果,分析了小球藻处理生活污水最佳的碳氮磷比例,生活污水中pH的变化及小球藻的生长情况。试验结果表明:小球藻处理生活污水最佳的碳氮磷比例为160:24:1,同时,小球藻对污水中COD、氨氮、正磷酸盐也有很好的处理效果,最大去除率分别为96.11%、98.72%、81.79%。试验结果还发现,初始COD浓度越高,则COD去除效果越好;而且在COD浓度相同的情况下,磷浓度越高,氨氮的去除率也越高。此外,小球藻处理生活污水过程中,水体偏碱性,但并未影响小球藻的生长。
污泥是污水处理中COD的最终载体。试验采用加热煮沸、超声波、厌氧发酵等不同的方法对污泥进行了预处理,其中超声波破碎处理污泥的效果较好,其污泥提取液中COD、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的含量较高。利用小球藻处理污泥提取液,结果表明,小球藻对提取液中COD、TN、TP均有较高的去除率,最大去除率分别为97.41%、92.88%、73.98%,且处理过程水体偏碱性。由于污泥提取液中物质浓度较高,试验小球藻的生长有适应期,生长状况良好。这说明小球藻在高浓度的有机物中仍可生长。
小球藻处理生活污水及污泥提取液是CO2减排的间接方法,收获的小球藻可作为蛋白饲料或饲料添加剂。这种兼具环境效益和经济效益的利用方式,符合可持续发展与循环经济的原则,因而具有广阔的应用前景。
The greenhouse effect, ocean acidification and other environmental and ecological issues were caused by the increase of CO2 concentration in atmosphere ,which has been paid great attention by the international community. Therefore, the reduction of CO2 emission is imperative. In this paper, the carbon source (COD) in domestic sewage will be transferred into some kind of bio-available form instead of CO2 to reduce CO2 emissions during the domestic sewage treatment process.So Chlorella will be used to treat the domestic sewage and sludge extractions.
The treatment effect of domestic sewage by Chlorella was discussed with orthogonal test ,the best ratio of carbon :nitrogen :phosphorus ,the variation of pH and the growth of Chlorella were also analyzed .The results of the experiment show that: the best ratio of carbon :nitrogen :phosphorus was 160:24:1 during the treatment of domestic sewage by Chlorella, meanwhile ,the fine removal effect of ammonia nitrogen, phosphates by Chlorella in domestic sewage was obtained , the highest removal rates were 96.11%, 98.72%, 81.79% respectively. The result of experiment also demonstrated the higher the initial COD concentration was , the greater COD removal efficiency was got. Besides, under the condition of the same concentration of COD , ammonia nitrogen removal rate was increased with the concentration of phosphorus. In addition, the domestic sewage water is in alkaline during treatment by Chlorella, which did not affect the growth of Chlorella vulgaris.
The sludge is the final carrier of COD in wastewater treatment. Firstly, different pretreatments of sewage sludge such as thermal treatment, ultrasonic waves, anaerobic digestion, etc. were taken in this study to get extractions, and the best result of the sewage sludge pretreatment was obtained by ultrasonic waves. Furthermore, the Chlorella sp. was used to treat the sewage sludge extractions, and the experimental results showed that the high removal rate of COD, TN and TP was 97.41%, 92.88% and 73.98% respectively, besides, the sludge extracton is in alkaline during the treatment process. Moreover, the lag phase was showed through the the growth of Chlorella ,which may be due to higher concentrations of substances in sludge extraction .It can be concluded that Chlorella could still grow with the high concentration of organic matter.
It is the indirect method of CO2 emission reduction to treat the domestic sewage and sludge extractions by Chlorella. Being as the protein feed or the feed additive of the harvested Chlorella is the way for its utilization, which is in conformity with the principle of sustainable development and circular economy for its economic and environmental benefit, and thus has a bright future.
引文
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