东天山地壳演化及内生金属成矿作用
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摘要
东天山是我国的一条重要成矿构造带,通过作者多年在该区的野外地质调查研究及相关测年样品的数据分析本文主要获得下列进展和结论:(1)东天山是介于准噶尔板块和塔里木板块之间的陆间型造山带,是两大板块相互作用的产物。(2)阿奇克库都克—沙泉子构造带为早古生代缝合带,但该缝合带是准噶尔板块与中天山微陆块碰撞的最终结果,而不是古天山洋壳板块向塔里木板块俯冲的早期产物。(3)构造—岩浆事件并未因板块会聚过程的终结而停止,东天山地区碰撞后拉张是非常重要的构造事件,不仅有大规模的岩浆作用,而且形成了大量与岩浆作用有关的有色、贵金属矿产。(4)对东天山地区不同成因类型金属矿床进行了成矿年代学研究,获得了一批高精度的成岩成矿作用同位素年代学数据,如白石泉铜镍矿区石英闪长岩、辉长闪长岩、辉长岩的锆石U-Pb SHRIMP年龄分别为285±10Ma、284±9Ma和284±8Ma;白山铼钼矿区黑云母斜长花岗岩的SHRIMP锆石微区原位U-Pb和谐年龄为181±3Ma,含矿石英脉石英的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为187±7Ma(95%可信度;MSWD=3.52),~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄为182±1.6Ma;赤湖斑岩钼铜矿区矿化斜长花岗斑岩锆石SHRIMP U—Pb年龄为322±10Ma(95%可信度)。这些年代学数据的获得进一步发现和证实了东天山大规模的后造山成岩成矿作用,表明东天山具有良好的成矿条件和找矿远景,对进一步指导矿产普查和有效地进行成矿预测具有重要意义。(5)探讨了东天山及邻区区域成矿作用时空规律,分析了区域地壳演化与成矿的关系,对不同地壳演化阶段的成矿作用进行了简述,并对代表性矿床的矿床学和成矿作用年代学研究成果进行了系统的归纳和总结。根据已有成矿作用年代学数据,将东天山地区成矿作用大致可分为前寒武纪成矿期、早古生代成矿期、晚古生代成矿期和中新生代成矿期。(6)对东天山地区内生金属矿产的资源潜力进行了分析,论述了部分潜在矿集区的主要矿化特征,并提出了找矿方向;对东天山地区主要优势矿产(斑岩铜矿,铜镍硫化物矿床和韧性剪切带型金矿)的找矿靶区进行了优选,对指导区内下一步矿产勘查具有重要意义。
Based on analyzing and studying the achievements made by others, this dissertation concludes that:(1) The East-Tianshan tectonic belt is an intercontinent orogenic belt located between the Junggar and Tarim basin and formed through convergence of the two plates;(2)The Arqikekuduk-Shaquanzi fault was an early Paleozoic sutur resulted from collision between the Junggar plate and the Meso-Tianshan microplate rather than subduction of Tianshan paleo-ocean towards the Tarim Plate;(3)tectonomagmatic activities did not stop because of convergent effect between the plates in East Tianshan region, and post-orogenic extension is very common with large scale of intraplate magmatism and nonferrous and noble metallic mineralization related to magmatism;(4) the author and his co-workers carried out systematical isotopic chronologic study and got a series of high-precision isotopic data for diagenetic mineralization, such as the quartz diorite, gabbro-diorite and gabbro from the Baishiquan Cu-Ni orefield has a zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 285±10Ma, 284Ma±9Ma (95% confidence) and 284±8Ma (95% confidence), respectively;the biotite plagiogranite body of the Baishan Rhenium-Molybdenum Mine has a zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 181±3Ma and the ore-bearing quartz veins in the Baishan orefield have a Rb-Sr isochron age of 187±7 Ma (95% confidence;MSWD=3.52) and a 40Ar-39Ar plateau age of 182±1.6Ma;the mineralized plagiogranite porphyry in the Chihu molybdenum-copper orefield has a zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 322±10Ma. The isotopic data mentioned above futher ulteriorly approve that large scale of post-orogenic diagenetic mineralization and indicate an excellent metallogenetic geological condition and prospecting perspective, which is of important significance for instructing prospecting and prognosticating of mineral resources in East Tianshan Orogenic belt;(5) the author discussed regional metallogenetic space-time regularities of the studied area, analyzed the relationships between the Crustal evolution and mineralizations, briefly stated mineralization during different Crustal evolution stages, and systematically
summed up the metallogeny and chronological achievements of some representative deposits in the studied region. According to metallogenetic chronologic data, mineralization in East Tiansan region was approximately divided into the Precambrian, Early Paleozoic, late Paleozoic and Mesozoic-Cezozoic period. (6) analyzing the potential of endogenetic metallic resources, discussing the main mineralization features of some potential concentrated mineralization areas, put forward further prospecting directions;choosing and identifying the prospecting targets of main endogenetic metallic deposits (porphyry copper deposits, Cu-Ni sulfide deposits and tenacity-shering zone type gold deposits) in eastern Tianshan region, which is of great important significance for directing further exploration ofmineral resources in the studied area.
Based on analyzing and studying the achievements made by others, this dissertation concludes that:(1) The East-Tianshan tectonic belt is an intercontinent orogenic belt located between the Junggar and Tarim basin and formed through convergence of the two plates;(2)The Arqikekuduk-Shaquanzi fault was an early Paleozoic sutur resulted from collision between the Junggar plate and the Meso-Tianshan microplate rather than subduction of Tianshan paleo-ocean towards the Tarim Plate;(3)tectonomagmatic activities did not stop because of convergent effect between the plates in East Tianshan region, and post-orogenic extension is very common with large scale of intraplate magmatism and nonferrous and noble metallic mineralization related to magmatism;(4) the author and his co-workers carried out systematical isotopic chronologic study and got a series of high-precision isotopic data for diagenetic mineralization, such as the quartz diorite, gabbro-diorite and gabbro from the Baishiquan Cu-Ni orefield has a zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 285±10Ma, 284Ma±9Ma (95% confidence) and 284±8Ma (95% confidence), respectively;the biotite plagiogranite body of the Baishan Rhenium-Molybdenum Mine has a zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 181±3Ma and the ore-bearing quartz veins in the Baishan orefield have a Rb-Sr isochron age of 187±7 Ma (95% confidence;MSWD=3.52) and a 40Ar-39Ar plateau age of 182±1.6Ma;the mineralized plagiogranite porphyry in the Chihu molybdenum-copper orefield has a zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 322±10Ma. The isotopic data mentioned above futher ulteriorly approve that large scale of post-orogenic diagenetic mineralization and indicate an excellent metallogenetic geological condition and prospecting perspective, which is of important significance for instructing prospecting and prognosticating of mineral resources in East Tianshan Orogenic belt;(5) the author discussed regional metallogenetic space-time regularities of the studied area, analyzed the relationships between the Crustal evolution and mineralizations, briefly stated mineralization during different Crustal evolution stages, and systematically
summed up the metallogeny and chronological achievements of some representative deposits in the studied region. According to metallogenetic chronologic data, mineralization in East Tiansan region was approximately divided into the Precambrian, Early Paleozoic, late Paleozoic and Mesozoic-Cezozoic period. (6) analyzing the potential of endogenetic metallic resources, discussing the main mineralization features of some potential concentrated mineralization areas, put forward further prospecting directions;choosing and identifying the prospecting targets of main endogenetic metallic deposits (porphyry copper deposits, Cu-Ni sulfide deposits and tenacity-shering zone type gold deposits) in eastern Tianshan region, which is of great important significance for directing further exploration ofmineral resources in the studied area.
引文
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