某地区WCDMA无线网络规划中若干工程问题的仿真分析
摘要
WCDMA作为3G三大标准之一,有完全不同于GSM的技术特点,其无线网络规划的原理和方法都发生了变化。WCDMA系统是自干扰、软覆盖、软容量的,这决定了其网络规划的复杂性和综合性,要求网络规划工程师必须采用网络规划工具对各个方面的技术细节进行综合全面的分析,才能实现网络规划的成功。
WCDMA无线网络规划可分为预规划、详细规划和优化三个阶段。在网络详细规划阶段包括了网络配置规划、覆盖预测和容量分析等。这三个阶段阶段合起来也叫做布局规划。只有经过布局规划才能最终确定网络布局。WCDMA网络的性能很大程度上取决于系统中的干扰强度,如何控制干扰是至关重要的,于是干扰控制将三个阶段紧密地联系在一起。布局规划的过程就是在有效合理地控制干扰的前提下,寻找网络布局和覆盖及容量三者之间的平衡点。
系统仿真在网络详细规划中扮演了十分重要的角色,它贯穿了网络配置规划、覆盖预测和容量分析的全过程。WCDMA无线网络规划只有经过反复的系统仿真,才能在满足网络需求的前提下最终确定网络布局。
本论文针对系统仿真中网络布局规划这一环节,分析了其中基站站点选址和天线设置对WCDMA网络性能的影响,并在此基础上结合工程问题,讨论了WCDMA与GSM共用站址的可行性,天线水平波瓣宽度的选择,机械和电调天线下倾法的比较,及天线定向偏差的影响。我们希望这些研究工作对今后的WCDMA无线网络规划起到借鉴和指导作用。
Being one of 3G standard, WCDMA has great different technical specialty from GSM., so principle and method of WCDMA radio network planning have changed. The self-interferenc, soft coverage, soft capacity of WCDMA system are deeply define the Complexity and synthetecallity of WCDMA network planning. This demand that the network planning engineers has to all-around analyse the technical details of planning by usage of network planner. Hence, success of network planning can be attached.
WCDMA radio network planning can be divided into three phases: pre-planning, detailed planning and optimization. Detailed planning includes network configuration planning, coverage prediction, capacity analyse and so on. Together these three phases also are called topology planning. Topology planning intends to define the final network topology. The performance of a WCDMA network is highly dependent on the interference level in the system, controlling this interference is vital. Hence, interference controlling bring the three phases together tightly. Process of detailed planning is to find out the balance of network configuration and coverage and capacity in order to effectively control interference in reasonable situation.
System simulation plays an important role in network detailed planning, and run through the process of network configuration, coverage prediction and capacity analyse. Only has WCDMA radio network planning simulated repeatedly, which can finally get definitions of network topology in order to meet the network requirment.
This thesis points to the network topology planning phase of system simulation, analyzed the influence of base station site selection and antenna configuration on the performance of WCDMA network. Then based on this analysis, related to practical problems, we discussed of feasibility of community of base station site of GSM and WCDMA, and selection of antenna horizontal beam width, and comparation of mechanical and electrical antenna downtilt, and the effect of antenna direction error. We hope that these study work can use for reference and guidance in sight of the WCDMA radio network planning.
WCDMA无线网络规划可分为预规划、详细规划和优化三个阶段。在网络详细规划阶段包括了网络配置规划、覆盖预测和容量分析等。这三个阶段阶段合起来也叫做布局规划。只有经过布局规划才能最终确定网络布局。WCDMA网络的性能很大程度上取决于系统中的干扰强度,如何控制干扰是至关重要的,于是干扰控制将三个阶段紧密地联系在一起。布局规划的过程就是在有效合理地控制干扰的前提下,寻找网络布局和覆盖及容量三者之间的平衡点。
系统仿真在网络详细规划中扮演了十分重要的角色,它贯穿了网络配置规划、覆盖预测和容量分析的全过程。WCDMA无线网络规划只有经过反复的系统仿真,才能在满足网络需求的前提下最终确定网络布局。
本论文针对系统仿真中网络布局规划这一环节,分析了其中基站站点选址和天线设置对WCDMA网络性能的影响,并在此基础上结合工程问题,讨论了WCDMA与GSM共用站址的可行性,天线水平波瓣宽度的选择,机械和电调天线下倾法的比较,及天线定向偏差的影响。我们希望这些研究工作对今后的WCDMA无线网络规划起到借鉴和指导作用。
Being one of 3G standard, WCDMA has great different technical specialty from GSM., so principle and method of WCDMA radio network planning have changed. The self-interferenc, soft coverage, soft capacity of WCDMA system are deeply define the Complexity and synthetecallity of WCDMA network planning. This demand that the network planning engineers has to all-around analyse the technical details of planning by usage of network planner. Hence, success of network planning can be attached.
WCDMA radio network planning can be divided into three phases: pre-planning, detailed planning and optimization. Detailed planning includes network configuration planning, coverage prediction, capacity analyse and so on. Together these three phases also are called topology planning. Topology planning intends to define the final network topology. The performance of a WCDMA network is highly dependent on the interference level in the system, controlling this interference is vital. Hence, interference controlling bring the three phases together tightly. Process of detailed planning is to find out the balance of network configuration and coverage and capacity in order to effectively control interference in reasonable situation.
System simulation plays an important role in network detailed planning, and run through the process of network configuration, coverage prediction and capacity analyse. Only has WCDMA radio network planning simulated repeatedly, which can finally get definitions of network topology in order to meet the network requirment.
This thesis points to the network topology planning phase of system simulation, analyzed the influence of base station site selection and antenna configuration on the performance of WCDMA network. Then based on this analysis, related to practical problems, we discussed of feasibility of community of base station site of GSM and WCDMA, and selection of antenna horizontal beam width, and comparation of mechanical and electrical antenna downtilt, and the effect of antenna direction error. We hope that these study work can use for reference and guidance in sight of the WCDMA radio network planning.
引文
[1]甘军宏,黄劲松.WCDMA无线网络的规划原则与方法.通信世界,2005,29(15):30-32
[2]章海峰,陈曦,孙红金.WCDMA无线网络规划流程及工具.电信技术,2004,09(24):70-71
[3]成立华,程思远.WCDMA无线网络规划对导频的分析.电信工程技术与标准化,2005,03(D):60-66
[4]袁晓超.WCDMA无线网络规划中邻频窄带干扰的研究.中国无线电,2005,10(10):32-35
[5]梅辉.WCDMA中的软容量和软覆盖规划.电信工程技术与标准化,2004,09(9):27-30
[6]汪晓敏.WCDMA无线网络规划中的链路预算.电信工程技术与标准化,2005,09(11):56-61
[7]潘峰.WCDMA无线网混合业务容量规划方法.世界电信,2005,06(13):29-32
[8]周胜.WCDMA网络规划中切换问题的研究.世界电信,2005,07(20):49-53
[9]程堂柏.WCDMA和GSM共站的可行性分析.移动通信,2005,5:64-66
[10]卢彤九.密集城区WCDMA室外天线选择.邮电设计技术,2005,1(1):35-38
[11](芬)莱赫.UMTS无线网络规划与优化(孙献璞等译).北京:电子工业出版社,2004,18-20
[12]Harri Holman,Antti Toskala.WCDMA for UMTS.John wiley & Sons Ltd,2001
[13]3GPP web site,http://www.3GPP.org
[14]ITU web site,http://www.itu.int
[15]IMT-2000 web site,http://www.itu.int/imt
[16]ETSI web site,http://www.etsi.org
[17]Ramjee Prasad著.第三代移动通信系统(杜栓义译).北京:电子工业出版社,2005,23-24
[18]郝晓玮.浅议3G WCDMA系统中的功率控制.电信快报,2003,6:23-28
[19]陈勇.WCDMA软切换门限对下行容量的影响.无线通信技术,2002,11(1):29-32
[20]甘军宏,黄劲松.WCDMA无线网络的规划原则与方法.通信世界,2005,29(15):30-32
[21]Thomas Neubauer,Ernst Bonek.Impact of the Variation in the Background Noise Floor on UMTS System Capacity.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Spring 2001:2435-2439.
[22]P.R.Gould.Radio Planning of Third Generation Networks in Urban Areas.Third International Conference on 3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2002:64-68.
[23]Kimmo Hiltunen,Riccardo De Bernardi.WCDMA Downlink Capacity Estimation.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Spring 2000:992-996.
[24]Dina Adiego,Christophe Cordier.Multi-service Radio Dimensioning for UMTS Circuit-Switched Services.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 2001:2745-2749.
[25]张长钢,孙保红,李猛,等.WCDMA无线网络规划原理与实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005,115-127
[26]Jaana Laiho-Steffens,Achim Wacker,Karl Sipila,Kari Heiska.The impact of the subscriber profile on WCDMA radio network performance.IEEE Proceedings Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 1999:2490-2494.
[27]Achim Wacker,Jaana Laiho-Steffens,Karl Sipil(a|¨),Karl Heiska.The Impact of the Base Station Sectorisation on WCDMA Radio Network Performance.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 1999:2611-2615.
[28]Jarno Niemela,Jukka Lempiainen.Impact of the Base Station Antenna Beamwidth on Capacity in WCDMA Cellular Networks.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Spring 2003:80-84.
[29]B.Christer,V.Johansson,Sara Stefansson.Optimizing Antenna Parameters for Sectorized W-CDMA Networks.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 2000:1524-1531.
[30]Edward Benner,Abu B.Sesay.Effects of Antenna Height,Antenna Gain,and Pattern Downtilting for Cellular Mobile Radio.IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,May 1996,vol.45:217-224.
[31]魏迎春,王利群,高电波.天线下倾调整在网络优化中的应用.2003,4:84-86
[32]胡昕.关于移动通信工程中基站天线下倾的讨论.电信快报,1994,11:16-17
[33]乐中柱,吴志忠.移动通信网优化中的天线下倾技术.邮电设计技术,1997,10:5
[34]Nokia NetAct Planner.Monte Carlo Algorithm Description,Application Note.
[2]章海峰,陈曦,孙红金.WCDMA无线网络规划流程及工具.电信技术,2004,09(24):70-71
[3]成立华,程思远.WCDMA无线网络规划对导频的分析.电信工程技术与标准化,2005,03(D):60-66
[4]袁晓超.WCDMA无线网络规划中邻频窄带干扰的研究.中国无线电,2005,10(10):32-35
[5]梅辉.WCDMA中的软容量和软覆盖规划.电信工程技术与标准化,2004,09(9):27-30
[6]汪晓敏.WCDMA无线网络规划中的链路预算.电信工程技术与标准化,2005,09(11):56-61
[7]潘峰.WCDMA无线网混合业务容量规划方法.世界电信,2005,06(13):29-32
[8]周胜.WCDMA网络规划中切换问题的研究.世界电信,2005,07(20):49-53
[9]程堂柏.WCDMA和GSM共站的可行性分析.移动通信,2005,5:64-66
[10]卢彤九.密集城区WCDMA室外天线选择.邮电设计技术,2005,1(1):35-38
[11](芬)莱赫.UMTS无线网络规划与优化(孙献璞等译).北京:电子工业出版社,2004,18-20
[12]Harri Holman,Antti Toskala.WCDMA for UMTS.John wiley & Sons Ltd,2001
[13]3GPP web site,http://www.3GPP.org
[14]ITU web site,http://www.itu.int
[15]IMT-2000 web site,http://www.itu.int/imt
[16]ETSI web site,http://www.etsi.org
[17]Ramjee Prasad著.第三代移动通信系统(杜栓义译).北京:电子工业出版社,2005,23-24
[18]郝晓玮.浅议3G WCDMA系统中的功率控制.电信快报,2003,6:23-28
[19]陈勇.WCDMA软切换门限对下行容量的影响.无线通信技术,2002,11(1):29-32
[20]甘军宏,黄劲松.WCDMA无线网络的规划原则与方法.通信世界,2005,29(15):30-32
[21]Thomas Neubauer,Ernst Bonek.Impact of the Variation in the Background Noise Floor on UMTS System Capacity.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Spring 2001:2435-2439.
[22]P.R.Gould.Radio Planning of Third Generation Networks in Urban Areas.Third International Conference on 3G Mobile Communication Technologies,2002:64-68.
[23]Kimmo Hiltunen,Riccardo De Bernardi.WCDMA Downlink Capacity Estimation.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Spring 2000:992-996.
[24]Dina Adiego,Christophe Cordier.Multi-service Radio Dimensioning for UMTS Circuit-Switched Services.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 2001:2745-2749.
[25]张长钢,孙保红,李猛,等.WCDMA无线网络规划原理与实践.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005,115-127
[26]Jaana Laiho-Steffens,Achim Wacker,Karl Sipila,Kari Heiska.The impact of the subscriber profile on WCDMA radio network performance.IEEE Proceedings Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 1999:2490-2494.
[27]Achim Wacker,Jaana Laiho-Steffens,Karl Sipil(a|¨),Karl Heiska.The Impact of the Base Station Sectorisation on WCDMA Radio Network Performance.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 1999:2611-2615.
[28]Jarno Niemela,Jukka Lempiainen.Impact of the Base Station Antenna Beamwidth on Capacity in WCDMA Cellular Networks.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Spring 2003:80-84.
[29]B.Christer,V.Johansson,Sara Stefansson.Optimizing Antenna Parameters for Sectorized W-CDMA Networks.IEEE Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference,Fall 2000:1524-1531.
[30]Edward Benner,Abu B.Sesay.Effects of Antenna Height,Antenna Gain,and Pattern Downtilting for Cellular Mobile Radio.IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,May 1996,vol.45:217-224.
[31]魏迎春,王利群,高电波.天线下倾调整在网络优化中的应用.2003,4:84-86
[32]胡昕.关于移动通信工程中基站天线下倾的讨论.电信快报,1994,11:16-17
[33]乐中柱,吴志忠.移动通信网优化中的天线下倾技术.邮电设计技术,1997,10:5
[34]Nokia NetAct Planner.Monte Carlo Algorithm Description,Application Note.
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