哈尔滨市土地资源优化配置评价研究
摘要
土地是城市赖以生存和发展的物质基础,是经济与社会发展的宝贵资源和重要生产要素。我国的土地资源十分稀缺,但在城市中土地资源的配置不当现象相当严重,比如:土地的浪费,土地用途的错误定位,土地为实现城市不同功能而进行分配的不合理等等。同时,伴随着工业的快速发展、城市化水平的不断提高,土地资源供给上有限性与其社会需求的快速增长之间有着巨大的差距,从而加剧了不同土地类型用途之间的矛盾,导致土地资源配置严重不合理。在这样的情况下,对哈尔滨市土地资源配置评价及优化进行研究,一方面可以进一步推动关于城市土地资源优化配置的理论研究,同时也可以为其他城市建立土地资源配置评价体系提供理论参考;另一方面可以促进城市可持续发展,维护社会稳定、实现社会和谐。
本文根据“发现问题-分析问题-解决问题”的思路,组织了全文的具体方向和研究内容。首先,在土地资源配置问题的指引下,通过查阅文献,对国内外在该领域的研究做了详细地介绍。在分析了土地资源配置和土地资源优化配置的相关概念的基础上,根据问题的性质,深入研究了土地资源价值理论、资源稀缺理论、生态经济原理和系统性原理,为接下来的研究打下了坚实的理论基础。其次,在土地资源配置理论的支持下,通过对哈尔滨市土地资源各类用地在数量上和结构上的对比,同类用地在数量上的纵向对比,以及土地资源配置的驱动力研究,对哈尔滨市土地资源配置的现状做了全面详细地分析,并根据分析结果提出了目前哈尔滨市土地资源配置中存在的问题。在对现状分析过后,利用FUZZY综合评价模型、统计学方法等从用地比例、土地利用状况和空间布局的要素层建立了哈尔滨市土地资源配置综合评价体系,通过指标选取和计算得到哈尔滨市目前的土地资源配置状况处于一般偏好的状况。最后,在详细分析了城市土地资源配置的状况的情况下,为了更好的发挥土地的价值,促进城市发展,利用多目标优化模型,即经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的目标,通过WINQSB软件的应用和灰色关联度的分析得出了哈尔滨市土地资源配置的优化方案。根据方案优化的结果,结合优化方案的弹性分析,详细阐述了方案的价值,并根据土地资利用评价指标体系和土地资源优化方案,提出了相关性的政策建议。
Land is the survival and development material basis of city, and it is also the valuable resources and important factor of production for the development of city. Chinese land resources are very scarce, but the misallocation of land resources was very severe in the city, for example: the wasteful phenomenon of land, the fault location for land use, the misallocation of land for different functions of city and so on. At the same time, with the rapid development of industry and enhancing of urbanization, there is a big gap between the limited land supplies with the rapid demand, so the conflicts are increased between the uses of different types of land. In such circumstances, the evaluation and study on the optimal allocation of land resources in Harbin can further promote the theory about the optimal allocation of land resources and provide a theoretical reference for other cities, on the other hand it can contribute to sustainable development, maintain social stability and social harmony.
According to the "discover the problem - analysis of the problem - solve the problem", the study is guided. First of all, under the guidance of the issue of land resources and the help of the references, the study about domestic and international research is made a detailed presentation. On the base of anglicizing the concepts of land resources and land resource optimization, we study the theory of value of land resources, resource scarcity theory, ecological and economic principles and systematic principles, which are very useful in the follow study. Second, with the support of theory of land resources, a full detailed analysis of the status of land resources in Harbin was made, and the problems were found. After analyzing the current situation, Land resources evaluation system was built through using FUZZY and statistics. Through index selection and calculation, the result of land resources allocation in Harbin is good. Finally, as a tool, Multi-objective optimization model, WINQSB and GRA were used to get the optimization program. In order to ensure feasibility, combining elastic analysis, some related policy recommendations are made.
本文根据“发现问题-分析问题-解决问题”的思路,组织了全文的具体方向和研究内容。首先,在土地资源配置问题的指引下,通过查阅文献,对国内外在该领域的研究做了详细地介绍。在分析了土地资源配置和土地资源优化配置的相关概念的基础上,根据问题的性质,深入研究了土地资源价值理论、资源稀缺理论、生态经济原理和系统性原理,为接下来的研究打下了坚实的理论基础。其次,在土地资源配置理论的支持下,通过对哈尔滨市土地资源各类用地在数量上和结构上的对比,同类用地在数量上的纵向对比,以及土地资源配置的驱动力研究,对哈尔滨市土地资源配置的现状做了全面详细地分析,并根据分析结果提出了目前哈尔滨市土地资源配置中存在的问题。在对现状分析过后,利用FUZZY综合评价模型、统计学方法等从用地比例、土地利用状况和空间布局的要素层建立了哈尔滨市土地资源配置综合评价体系,通过指标选取和计算得到哈尔滨市目前的土地资源配置状况处于一般偏好的状况。最后,在详细分析了城市土地资源配置的状况的情况下,为了更好的发挥土地的价值,促进城市发展,利用多目标优化模型,即经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的目标,通过WINQSB软件的应用和灰色关联度的分析得出了哈尔滨市土地资源配置的优化方案。根据方案优化的结果,结合优化方案的弹性分析,详细阐述了方案的价值,并根据土地资利用评价指标体系和土地资源优化方案,提出了相关性的政策建议。
Land is the survival and development material basis of city, and it is also the valuable resources and important factor of production for the development of city. Chinese land resources are very scarce, but the misallocation of land resources was very severe in the city, for example: the wasteful phenomenon of land, the fault location for land use, the misallocation of land for different functions of city and so on. At the same time, with the rapid development of industry and enhancing of urbanization, there is a big gap between the limited land supplies with the rapid demand, so the conflicts are increased between the uses of different types of land. In such circumstances, the evaluation and study on the optimal allocation of land resources in Harbin can further promote the theory about the optimal allocation of land resources and provide a theoretical reference for other cities, on the other hand it can contribute to sustainable development, maintain social stability and social harmony.
According to the "discover the problem - analysis of the problem - solve the problem", the study is guided. First of all, under the guidance of the issue of land resources and the help of the references, the study about domestic and international research is made a detailed presentation. On the base of anglicizing the concepts of land resources and land resource optimization, we study the theory of value of land resources, resource scarcity theory, ecological and economic principles and systematic principles, which are very useful in the follow study. Second, with the support of theory of land resources, a full detailed analysis of the status of land resources in Harbin was made, and the problems were found. After analyzing the current situation, Land resources evaluation system was built through using FUZZY and statistics. Through index selection and calculation, the result of land resources allocation in Harbin is good. Finally, as a tool, Multi-objective optimization model, WINQSB and GRA were used to get the optimization program. In order to ensure feasibility, combining elastic analysis, some related policy recommendations are made.
引文
1李雨航.哈尔滨市区土地资源的可持续利用问题及对策分析.哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报, 2009,(2):110~111
2 S. F. Fang, G. Z. Gerter, Z. L. Sun. The impact of interactions in Spatial simulation of the dynamics of urban sprawl. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2005,73(4):294~306
3 C. E. Heim, Leapfroggin. Urban Sprawl and Growth Management---Phoenix,1950-2000. American Journal of Economics and Sociology.2001,60(1):245~283
4 T. Options,Schatzki. Uncertainty and Sunk Costs: Unempirical Analysis of Land Use Change. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. 2003,(46):86~105
5 R. L. Patterson. Applications of Linear Programming to Problems of Land Use Allocation. 91H Urban Regional Administration and Planning. 1972:41
6 Gilbert, Kenneth C, Holmes, David D, Rosenthal, Richard E. Multi-objective Discrete Optimization Model for Land Allocation. Management Science. 1985,31(12):1509~1985
7 Eldrandaly, Khalid. GEP-based Spatial Decision Support for Multi-site Land Use Allocation. Applied Soft Computing Journal. 2010,10(3):694~702
8 Dewan, Ashraf M, Yamaguchi, Yasushi. Using Remote Sensing and GIS to Detect and Monitor Land Use and Land Cover Change in Dhaka Metropolitan of Bangladesh During 1960-2005. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2009,150:237~249
9 Ren, Fuhu. A Training Model for GIS Application in Land Resource Allocation. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 1997,52(6):261~265
10 Romanos, Michael C. Energy Conservation through Urban Land Use Allocation: a Linear Programming Approach. 1977 IEEE. 1977:12~22
11 D. Bhadra, A. S. P. Brandao. Urbanization Agricultural Development and Land Allocation. World Bank Discussion Papers. 1993, (201):65
12 Mc Harg IL. Design with Nature. Doubleday. 1969
13 David G R. Discussion Paper: A Theoretical Framework for Land Evaluation. Geoderma. 1996,(72): 165~190
14 Yong yuan Yin, John T Pierce, Ernie Love. Designing a Multisector Model for Land Conversion Study. Journal of Environmental Mangement. 1995,(44): 249~266
15 D. C. Kotze, C. M. Breen. Development of a Wetland Management Decision Support System for Natal, South Africa. International Journal of Ecology and Envirnmental Sciences. 1994, 20(1-2):85~195
16 S. D. Minor, T. L. Jacobs. Optional Land Allocation for Solid and Hazardous-waste Landfill siting. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 1994, 120(5):1095~1108
17 Goodchild, B. Land Allocation for Housing:a Review of Practice and Possibilities in England. Housing Studies. 1992, 7(1):45~55
18 J. C. Campbell, J. Radke. An Application of Linear Programming and Geographic Information Systems: Cropland Allocation in Antigua. Environment and Planning. 1992, 24(4):535~549
19 D. K. Sharma, A. Gaur, D. Ghosh. Goal Programming Model for AgriculturalLand Allocation Problems. International Journal of Modelling and Simulation. 2008,28(1):43~48
20 Pal. Bijay Baran, Chakraborti. Debjani, Biswas. Papun. A Genetic Algorithm Based Hybrid Goal Programming Approach to Land Allocation Problem for Optimal Cropping Plan in Agricultural System. 4th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems 2009. 2009:181~186
21 Samranpong. Chalermpol, Ekasingh. Benchaphun, Ekasingh. Methi. Economic Land Evaluation for Agricultural Resource Management in Northern Thailand. Environmental Modelling and Software. 2009,24(12):1381~1390
22 Kishindo, P. Land Reform and Agricultural Development: the Case of Lesotho. Journal of Rural Development. 1994,13(3):319~326
23 Esch. Thomas, Roth. Achim, Dech. Stefan. Analysis of Urban Land Use Pattern Based on High Resolution Radar Imagery. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. 2008:4525
24 F. Pacifici, M. Chini, W. J. Emery. Urban Land-use Multi-scale Textural Analysis. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. 2008,5(1):342~345
25 Lizarazo. Ivan, Barros. Joana. FUZZY Image Segmentation for Urban Land-cover Classification. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 2010,76(2):151~162
26徐萍,吴群,刘勇,胡立兵.城市产业结构优化与土地资源优化配置研究—以南京市为例.新型工业化与南京城市发展研讨会专辑. 2003,9: 340~346
27高明.我国城市化过程中城市土地资源优化配置问题研究.西北农林科技大学硕士论文,2004
28杨继瑞,詹蕾.旧城改造优化城市土地资源配置的重要路径.中国房地产金融. 2004,11: 22~26
29王静.土地资源优化配置、集约利用和持续利用关系辨析.中国科协学术年会论文集. 2005:211~214
30叶艳妹,吴次芳,蒋钏.试论城市地价运作管理与土地资源的优化配置.经济与管理研究. 1997,3:59~61
31李秉仁.试论城市规划在优化城市土地资源配置中的作用.城乡建设. 1995,5:14~16
32尹君,安智胜,王亚西.农用地定级估价研究.河北农业大学学报(农林教育版). 2003,(4):57~58
33张光宇.土地资源的可拓性及优化配置系统结构模型.运筹与管理. 1998,7(1): 28~34
34郝渊晓.拍卖市场构建与城市土地资源优化配置.生产力研究. 2002,1: 10~13
35赵玉玲,朱跃华,唐棣.土地利用的弹性规划思考.国土资源科技管理. 2008,25(2):134~137
36刘瑞,朱道林,朱战强,杨文治.基于Logistic回归模型的德州市城市建设用地扩张驱动力分析.资源科学. 2009,31(11):1921~1925
37熊婷.土地利用结构优化建模与实证研究.南京农业大学硕士论文. 2008
38温熙胜,丁德蓉. RS和GIS支持的城市土地资源优化配置模型.水土保持科技情报. 2003,3: 29~30
39刘彦随.区域土地利用优化配置.北京学苑出版社. 1999
40哈尔滨统计局.哈尔滨统计年鉴2009.中国统计出版社. 2009
41黑龙江省统计局.黑龙江统计年鉴2009.中国统计出版社. 2009
42李嘉图.经济学与赋税原理.商务印书馆. 1976
43马克思恩格斯选集(第二卷).人民出版社. 1972:109
44伊利.土地经济学原理.商务印书馆. 1982:5
45关涛.黑龙江湿地资源利用与保护研究.黑龙江省教委重点课题. 2000,12
46梁学庆.土地资源管理研究.黑龙江人民出版社. 2000,12:4~164
47胡业翠,赵庚新.农业可持续发展和土地资源优化配置. 2003,23 (4):261~269
48郑新奇.城市土地优化配置与集约利用评价.科学出版社. 2004:80
49刘艳芳,明冬萍,杨建宇.基于生态绿当量的土地利用结构优化.武汉大学学报(信息科学版). 2002, 27(5):494~495
2 S. F. Fang, G. Z. Gerter, Z. L. Sun. The impact of interactions in Spatial simulation of the dynamics of urban sprawl. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2005,73(4):294~306
3 C. E. Heim, Leapfroggin. Urban Sprawl and Growth Management---Phoenix,1950-2000. American Journal of Economics and Sociology.2001,60(1):245~283
4 T. Options,Schatzki. Uncertainty and Sunk Costs: Unempirical Analysis of Land Use Change. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. 2003,(46):86~105
5 R. L. Patterson. Applications of Linear Programming to Problems of Land Use Allocation. 91H Urban Regional Administration and Planning. 1972:41
6 Gilbert, Kenneth C, Holmes, David D, Rosenthal, Richard E. Multi-objective Discrete Optimization Model for Land Allocation. Management Science. 1985,31(12):1509~1985
7 Eldrandaly, Khalid. GEP-based Spatial Decision Support for Multi-site Land Use Allocation. Applied Soft Computing Journal. 2010,10(3):694~702
8 Dewan, Ashraf M, Yamaguchi, Yasushi. Using Remote Sensing and GIS to Detect and Monitor Land Use and Land Cover Change in Dhaka Metropolitan of Bangladesh During 1960-2005. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2009,150:237~249
9 Ren, Fuhu. A Training Model for GIS Application in Land Resource Allocation. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. 1997,52(6):261~265
10 Romanos, Michael C. Energy Conservation through Urban Land Use Allocation: a Linear Programming Approach. 1977 IEEE. 1977:12~22
11 D. Bhadra, A. S. P. Brandao. Urbanization Agricultural Development and Land Allocation. World Bank Discussion Papers. 1993, (201):65
12 Mc Harg IL. Design with Nature. Doubleday. 1969
13 David G R. Discussion Paper: A Theoretical Framework for Land Evaluation. Geoderma. 1996,(72): 165~190
14 Yong yuan Yin, John T Pierce, Ernie Love. Designing a Multisector Model for Land Conversion Study. Journal of Environmental Mangement. 1995,(44): 249~266
15 D. C. Kotze, C. M. Breen. Development of a Wetland Management Decision Support System for Natal, South Africa. International Journal of Ecology and Envirnmental Sciences. 1994, 20(1-2):85~195
16 S. D. Minor, T. L. Jacobs. Optional Land Allocation for Solid and Hazardous-waste Landfill siting. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 1994, 120(5):1095~1108
17 Goodchild, B. Land Allocation for Housing:a Review of Practice and Possibilities in England. Housing Studies. 1992, 7(1):45~55
18 J. C. Campbell, J. Radke. An Application of Linear Programming and Geographic Information Systems: Cropland Allocation in Antigua. Environment and Planning. 1992, 24(4):535~549
19 D. K. Sharma, A. Gaur, D. Ghosh. Goal Programming Model for AgriculturalLand Allocation Problems. International Journal of Modelling and Simulation. 2008,28(1):43~48
20 Pal. Bijay Baran, Chakraborti. Debjani, Biswas. Papun. A Genetic Algorithm Based Hybrid Goal Programming Approach to Land Allocation Problem for Optimal Cropping Plan in Agricultural System. 4th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems 2009. 2009:181~186
21 Samranpong. Chalermpol, Ekasingh. Benchaphun, Ekasingh. Methi. Economic Land Evaluation for Agricultural Resource Management in Northern Thailand. Environmental Modelling and Software. 2009,24(12):1381~1390
22 Kishindo, P. Land Reform and Agricultural Development: the Case of Lesotho. Journal of Rural Development. 1994,13(3):319~326
23 Esch. Thomas, Roth. Achim, Dech. Stefan. Analysis of Urban Land Use Pattern Based on High Resolution Radar Imagery. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. 2008:4525
24 F. Pacifici, M. Chini, W. J. Emery. Urban Land-use Multi-scale Textural Analysis. International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. 2008,5(1):342~345
25 Lizarazo. Ivan, Barros. Joana. FUZZY Image Segmentation for Urban Land-cover Classification. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 2010,76(2):151~162
26徐萍,吴群,刘勇,胡立兵.城市产业结构优化与土地资源优化配置研究—以南京市为例.新型工业化与南京城市发展研讨会专辑. 2003,9: 340~346
27高明.我国城市化过程中城市土地资源优化配置问题研究.西北农林科技大学硕士论文,2004
28杨继瑞,詹蕾.旧城改造优化城市土地资源配置的重要路径.中国房地产金融. 2004,11: 22~26
29王静.土地资源优化配置、集约利用和持续利用关系辨析.中国科协学术年会论文集. 2005:211~214
30叶艳妹,吴次芳,蒋钏.试论城市地价运作管理与土地资源的优化配置.经济与管理研究. 1997,3:59~61
31李秉仁.试论城市规划在优化城市土地资源配置中的作用.城乡建设. 1995,5:14~16
32尹君,安智胜,王亚西.农用地定级估价研究.河北农业大学学报(农林教育版). 2003,(4):57~58
33张光宇.土地资源的可拓性及优化配置系统结构模型.运筹与管理. 1998,7(1): 28~34
34郝渊晓.拍卖市场构建与城市土地资源优化配置.生产力研究. 2002,1: 10~13
35赵玉玲,朱跃华,唐棣.土地利用的弹性规划思考.国土资源科技管理. 2008,25(2):134~137
36刘瑞,朱道林,朱战强,杨文治.基于Logistic回归模型的德州市城市建设用地扩张驱动力分析.资源科学. 2009,31(11):1921~1925
37熊婷.土地利用结构优化建模与实证研究.南京农业大学硕士论文. 2008
38温熙胜,丁德蓉. RS和GIS支持的城市土地资源优化配置模型.水土保持科技情报. 2003,3: 29~30
39刘彦随.区域土地利用优化配置.北京学苑出版社. 1999
40哈尔滨统计局.哈尔滨统计年鉴2009.中国统计出版社. 2009
41黑龙江省统计局.黑龙江统计年鉴2009.中国统计出版社. 2009
42李嘉图.经济学与赋税原理.商务印书馆. 1976
43马克思恩格斯选集(第二卷).人民出版社. 1972:109
44伊利.土地经济学原理.商务印书馆. 1982:5
45关涛.黑龙江湿地资源利用与保护研究.黑龙江省教委重点课题. 2000,12
46梁学庆.土地资源管理研究.黑龙江人民出版社. 2000,12:4~164
47胡业翠,赵庚新.农业可持续发展和土地资源优化配置. 2003,23 (4):261~269
48郑新奇.城市土地优化配置与集约利用评价.科学出版社. 2004:80
49刘艳芳,明冬萍,杨建宇.基于生态绿当量的土地利用结构优化.武汉大学学报(信息科学版). 2002, 27(5):494~495
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