北京和南京地区正常高值血压流行现况初步探讨
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摘要
第一部分北京和南京地区正常高值血压流行现况分析
目的:本研究目的在于通过对北京和南京两地正常高值血压现况研究,进一步了解两地正常高值血压的流行特征,为高血压病的早期预防提供可靠依据。
方法:应用横断面调查的方法对北京和南京地区居民血压分布特征及其正常高值血压的流行病学特征进行调查。本研究于2005-2007年采用整群抽样的方法,对北京和南京两地城市社区和农村自然村的35-70岁的人群作为研究对象进行横断面调查,共调查10710人(其中男性4370人,女性6340人)。本调查血压的诊断标准依据《中国高血压防治指南》2005年修订版。
结果:在入选的10710人中,35-70岁居民正常高值血压检出率为36.40%,高血压患病率为41.71%。标化后正常高值检出率,男女分别为39.31%和35.85%,北京和南京分别为36.81%和37.70%,城市和农村分别为35.65%和37.38%。随着年龄的增长,正常高值血压检出率呈下降趋势而高血压患病率呈上升趋势(趋势卡方检验P=0.0000)。北京地区和南京地区血压有着不同的分布,南京地区正常高值标化率比北京地区高;同时,农村较城市地区高,男性高于女性。
结论:北京和南京地区居民的正常高值具有较高的分布,且随年龄增加有上升趋势。
第二部分北京和南京两地区正常高值血压危险因素分析
目的:通过对北京和南京两地正常高值血压影响因素的分析,进一步了解其危险因素,为高血压病的早期非药物治疗提供可靠依据。
方法:在北京和南京地区采取整群抽样的方法对10710人进行流行病学调查。对正常高值血压的流行病学特征及相关危险因素进行统计分析。本调查血压的诊断标准依据《中国高血压防治指南》2005年修订版。采用多因素logistic回归的方法分析可能存在的危险因素。
结果:多因素logistic回归结果表明,年龄增长(OR=1.414:95%CI[1.327,1.5061)、男性(OR=1.304:95%CI[1.146,1.484])BMI(OR=1.749:95%CI[1.542,1.984])、腰臀比(OR=1.312:95%CI[1.156,1.489])为正常高值血压的危险因素。正常高值血压与男性、年龄增长、肥胖等多种危险因素相关。而居住在北京地区比在南京地区、居住在城市地区比在农村地区的居民正常高值血压检出率低。由于糖尿病和现在吸烟OR值的95%CI中包括1,没有进入方程。
结论:北京和南京地区居民正常高值血压检出率与多种危险因素相关,正常高值血压者应改善生活方式以预防发展成为高血压病。
Part 1:The epidemic status analysis of prehypertension in Beijing & Nanjing area
Objective:To compare the prevalence of prehypertension and its main components in the population of Beijing and Nanjing area and investigate the epidemic characteristics of prevalence in these two areas using the health questionnaire.The study is aimed to provide reliable evidence for preventing hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10710 individuals(male 4370, female 6340) from urban community and rural village using cluster sampling method during 2005-2007 in Beijing & Nanjing area.The diagnosis criteria of blood pressure was defined according to Chinese Guidelines For Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (revised edition 2005).
A resident group of 10710 people aged from 35 to 70 years old was all collected with a cluster sampling scheme in the chosen area in Beijing and Nanjing.The data of blood pressure measurement and correlated risk factors investigation were analysed.
Results:10710 participants were included in this analysis.The crude prevalence of prehypertension was 36.40%in the population aged from 35 to70 year old,and the crude prevalence of hypertension was 41.71%.The standardized prevalence of prehypertension was 38.11%for men and 35.4%for women,35.64%for Beijing and 36.60%for Nanjing, 35.48%for urban residents and 36.40%for rural area.With the age increasing,the prevalence of prehypertension was reduced while the prevalence of hypertension was increased.
Conclusion:The prevalence of prehypertension of people in Beijing and Nanjing city is substantially high and associated with many risk factors.Comprehensive lifestyle should be modified to decrease the incidence of hypertension.
Part 2:The analysis of risk factors of prehypertension in Beijing & Nanjing area
Objective:To analyze the risk factors of prehypertension and its main components in the population aged of 35-70 in Beijing and Nanjing area in order to seek the reliable evidence for non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension.
Methods:10710 were selected for epidemic investigation using cluster sampling method in Beijing & Nanjing area.The epidemic characteristics and the relevant risk factors or prehypertension was analyzed statistically.The diagnosis criteria of blood pressure was defined according to The Guidelines For Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension(revised edition 2005).The potential risk factors were analysed using multiple logistic regression method.
Results:The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age(OR=1.414: 95%CI[1.327,1.506])male gender(OR=1.304:95%CI[1.146,1.484]),BMI(OR=1.749: 95%CI[1.542,1.984]) and WHR(OR=1.312:95%CI[1.156,1.489]) were risk factors of prehypertension.Prehypertension is related to a lot of risk factors such as aging,male gender,overweight and obesity.Whereas the prevalence of prehypertension is higher in Nanjing than that in Beijing,and higher in rural than that in urban area.The study also discovered that the diabetes and current smoking were not related to prehypertension.
Conclusion:The prevalence of prehypertension in Beijing & Nanjing area is related to multiple risk factors.People with prehypertension should modify their life style to prevent the development of hypertension.
目的:本研究目的在于通过对北京和南京两地正常高值血压现况研究,进一步了解两地正常高值血压的流行特征,为高血压病的早期预防提供可靠依据。
方法:应用横断面调查的方法对北京和南京地区居民血压分布特征及其正常高值血压的流行病学特征进行调查。本研究于2005-2007年采用整群抽样的方法,对北京和南京两地城市社区和农村自然村的35-70岁的人群作为研究对象进行横断面调查,共调查10710人(其中男性4370人,女性6340人)。本调查血压的诊断标准依据《中国高血压防治指南》2005年修订版。
结果:在入选的10710人中,35-70岁居民正常高值血压检出率为36.40%,高血压患病率为41.71%。标化后正常高值检出率,男女分别为39.31%和35.85%,北京和南京分别为36.81%和37.70%,城市和农村分别为35.65%和37.38%。随着年龄的增长,正常高值血压检出率呈下降趋势而高血压患病率呈上升趋势(趋势卡方检验P=0.0000)。北京地区和南京地区血压有着不同的分布,南京地区正常高值标化率比北京地区高;同时,农村较城市地区高,男性高于女性。
结论:北京和南京地区居民的正常高值具有较高的分布,且随年龄增加有上升趋势。
第二部分北京和南京两地区正常高值血压危险因素分析
目的:通过对北京和南京两地正常高值血压影响因素的分析,进一步了解其危险因素,为高血压病的早期非药物治疗提供可靠依据。
方法:在北京和南京地区采取整群抽样的方法对10710人进行流行病学调查。对正常高值血压的流行病学特征及相关危险因素进行统计分析。本调查血压的诊断标准依据《中国高血压防治指南》2005年修订版。采用多因素logistic回归的方法分析可能存在的危险因素。
结果:多因素logistic回归结果表明,年龄增长(OR=1.414:95%CI[1.327,1.5061)、男性(OR=1.304:95%CI[1.146,1.484])BMI(OR=1.749:95%CI[1.542,1.984])、腰臀比(OR=1.312:95%CI[1.156,1.489])为正常高值血压的危险因素。正常高值血压与男性、年龄增长、肥胖等多种危险因素相关。而居住在北京地区比在南京地区、居住在城市地区比在农村地区的居民正常高值血压检出率低。由于糖尿病和现在吸烟OR值的95%CI中包括1,没有进入方程。
结论:北京和南京地区居民正常高值血压检出率与多种危险因素相关,正常高值血压者应改善生活方式以预防发展成为高血压病。
Part 1:The epidemic status analysis of prehypertension in Beijing & Nanjing area
Objective:To compare the prevalence of prehypertension and its main components in the population of Beijing and Nanjing area and investigate the epidemic characteristics of prevalence in these two areas using the health questionnaire.The study is aimed to provide reliable evidence for preventing hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10710 individuals(male 4370, female 6340) from urban community and rural village using cluster sampling method during 2005-2007 in Beijing & Nanjing area.The diagnosis criteria of blood pressure was defined according to Chinese Guidelines For Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (revised edition 2005).
A resident group of 10710 people aged from 35 to 70 years old was all collected with a cluster sampling scheme in the chosen area in Beijing and Nanjing.The data of blood pressure measurement and correlated risk factors investigation were analysed.
Results:10710 participants were included in this analysis.The crude prevalence of prehypertension was 36.40%in the population aged from 35 to70 year old,and the crude prevalence of hypertension was 41.71%.The standardized prevalence of prehypertension was 38.11%for men and 35.4%for women,35.64%for Beijing and 36.60%for Nanjing, 35.48%for urban residents and 36.40%for rural area.With the age increasing,the prevalence of prehypertension was reduced while the prevalence of hypertension was increased.
Conclusion:The prevalence of prehypertension of people in Beijing and Nanjing city is substantially high and associated with many risk factors.Comprehensive lifestyle should be modified to decrease the incidence of hypertension.
Part 2:The analysis of risk factors of prehypertension in Beijing & Nanjing area
Objective:To analyze the risk factors of prehypertension and its main components in the population aged of 35-70 in Beijing and Nanjing area in order to seek the reliable evidence for non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension.
Methods:10710 were selected for epidemic investigation using cluster sampling method in Beijing & Nanjing area.The epidemic characteristics and the relevant risk factors or prehypertension was analyzed statistically.The diagnosis criteria of blood pressure was defined according to The Guidelines For Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension(revised edition 2005).The potential risk factors were analysed using multiple logistic regression method.
Results:The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age(OR=1.414: 95%CI[1.327,1.506])male gender(OR=1.304:95%CI[1.146,1.484]),BMI(OR=1.749: 95%CI[1.542,1.984]) and WHR(OR=1.312:95%CI[1.156,1.489]) were risk factors of prehypertension.Prehypertension is related to a lot of risk factors such as aging,male gender,overweight and obesity.Whereas the prevalence of prehypertension is higher in Nanjing than that in Beijing,and higher in rural than that in urban area.The study also discovered that the diabetes and current smoking were not related to prehypertension.
Conclusion:The prevalence of prehypertension in Beijing & Nanjing area is related to multiple risk factors.People with prehypertension should modify their life style to prevent the development of hypertension.
引文
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[3]Reaven GM:Role of insulin resistance in human disease[J]Diabetes 1988,37:1595-1607.
[4]余国膺.加拿大指南突出正常高值血压的危险[J]中国慢性病预防与控制,2007,15(4):346.
[5]Pulse Pressure,Prehypertension,and Mortality:The San Antonio Heart Study.Lorenzo C,Aung K,Stern MP,Haffner SM.Am J Hypertens.2009,22(11):1219-26.
[6]郭艺芳,金雅丽.2009版加拿大高血压指南解读[J]临床荟萃,2009年,8:1326-1329.
[7]Quieshi AI,Suri MF,Kirmani JF,et al.Prevalence and trends of prehypertension and hypertension in United States:National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 1976 to 2000[J]Med Sci Monit,2005,11:CR403-409.
[8]卫生部心血管病防治研究中心.中国心血管病报告(2005).中国大百科全书出版社.
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