基于语音调度的IP信令网关的设计与实现
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摘要
进入新世纪以来,军队正加速推进机械化与信息化复合发展,改革的最终目标是实现军事形态由机械化向信息化转型。而“IT民技军用”是加速信息化建设的利器,民用信息技术与军事通信技术日新月异,为国防信息化建设、国民经济高速增长做出了重大贡献,而且将我国信息化和通信技术的整体水平提高到一个新的高度。
当前,军队通信现代化建设水平不断提高,全军程控电话网已经基本普及,军用数据网也在加紧建设,但在广大的基层连队,通信条件依然简陋,仍存在程控电话网和数据网建设的双重任务,特别是部分边海防独立驻防单位,因为地理条件限制和建设经费紧张,只能使用微波传输进行通信,信道资源有限,通常只能满足基本的话音通信需求,数据网建设遭遇瓶颈。采用IP电话技术可以实现电话网与数据网的“两网合一”,从而达到降低建设难度,节约建设经费和线路资源的目的。目前主流的商用IP电话设备,出于产品的兼容性、可扩展性以及赢得市场对产品认同的考虑,集成了大量应用服务,既增加了部署和维护难度,又使得建设成本大大增加。
本文设计了一种现实可行的军用接入型IP电话解决方案。该方案紧扣当前部队通信建设需求,摒弃并非部队作战训练急需的IP电话应用服务,专为话音通信设计,为军队提供具有高实用性和经济性的IP电话通信服务。网关是IP电话解决方案中完成话音通信的关键设备,即数据网络与电话网之间的接口设备,在功能上可分为媒体网关、媒体网关控制器和信令网关(这三个功能既可以分散在不同的设备,也可以集中在一个设备中),其中信令网关主要完成网间信令传输格式和通信规程的转换(即信令转换),在IP电话系统中占有举足轻重的地位。本文以摩托罗拉嵌入式微处理器MPC860为核心,通过移植嵌入式操作系统VxWorks,集成网络和E1接口、数字信号处理、交换矩阵、时钟同步、交换控制等模块,开发相应的硬件驱动、各种协议栈的移植和上层网关的应用软件,设计实现呼叫建立、终止和路由选择等规则,使用循环冗余校验(CRC)进行差错检出,并在MATLAB中仿真实现,从而构建了一种基于语音调度的IP信令网关。该网关一端与IP网络连接,另一端与PSTN中公用交换机相连,可使IP网络与程控电话网相互借助对方进行延伸。
本文紧紧围绕“基于语音调度的信令网关”这一主题,首先介绍了IP电话的一些相关知识,然后对信令网关的软硬件结构进行了总体设计,并着重阐述了信令网关采用的部分关键技术的具体设计方案,最后详述了该方案的具体实现。
Since entering the new century, the military has been accelerating the compound development of mechanization and information technology. The ultimate goal of this reform is to achieve the transformation from mechanization to information technology. "The civilian technology used by the military," is a powerful weapon to speed up the military information construction. It is making significant contribution to national defense information construction and national economy, and has enhanced our nation's information and military communication technology to a new level.
With the development of communication's modernization, the military program-controlled telephone network has almost spread all over the army, and the military data network has been being pressed on with construction. But in many companies, the condition of communication is still simple and crude, and it is dual task to construct the telephone network and the data network. In recent years, with the diversification of internet access technology, as well as increasingly sophisticated IP phone technology and increased competition, IP phone business have been growing rapidly. It is a good idea undoubtedly to use the method of "combination of telephone network and data network". Combination of the two networks can save expenditure and resource of line assuredly, and it can be implemented by enterprise IP telephone. Current commercial enterprise IP telephone equipments' cost and price are too high, because corporations must consider compatibility, scalability and the market.
This paper proposes a practical and feasible solution to the military IP telephone, which aims at voice communication than general scheme of IP telephone. So we can reduce the equipment difficulty and cost, and provide practical and economical service for the army. Signaling gateway plays an important role in the IP telephone system. It is used to connect signals and media between two different networks. Signaling gateway is necessary for enterprise IP telephone network to access to military telephone network. This paper designs a signaling gateway based on voice management, which kernel is Motorola Embedded Microprocessor MPC860. This signaling gateway connects not only the IP network but also the Public Switch in PSTN.
This paper introduces some knowledge about the IP telephone and the architecture of signaling gateway, and mainly focuses on the design and realization of some techniques of signaling gateway.
当前,军队通信现代化建设水平不断提高,全军程控电话网已经基本普及,军用数据网也在加紧建设,但在广大的基层连队,通信条件依然简陋,仍存在程控电话网和数据网建设的双重任务,特别是部分边海防独立驻防单位,因为地理条件限制和建设经费紧张,只能使用微波传输进行通信,信道资源有限,通常只能满足基本的话音通信需求,数据网建设遭遇瓶颈。采用IP电话技术可以实现电话网与数据网的“两网合一”,从而达到降低建设难度,节约建设经费和线路资源的目的。目前主流的商用IP电话设备,出于产品的兼容性、可扩展性以及赢得市场对产品认同的考虑,集成了大量应用服务,既增加了部署和维护难度,又使得建设成本大大增加。
本文设计了一种现实可行的军用接入型IP电话解决方案。该方案紧扣当前部队通信建设需求,摒弃并非部队作战训练急需的IP电话应用服务,专为话音通信设计,为军队提供具有高实用性和经济性的IP电话通信服务。网关是IP电话解决方案中完成话音通信的关键设备,即数据网络与电话网之间的接口设备,在功能上可分为媒体网关、媒体网关控制器和信令网关(这三个功能既可以分散在不同的设备,也可以集中在一个设备中),其中信令网关主要完成网间信令传输格式和通信规程的转换(即信令转换),在IP电话系统中占有举足轻重的地位。本文以摩托罗拉嵌入式微处理器MPC860为核心,通过移植嵌入式操作系统VxWorks,集成网络和E1接口、数字信号处理、交换矩阵、时钟同步、交换控制等模块,开发相应的硬件驱动、各种协议栈的移植和上层网关的应用软件,设计实现呼叫建立、终止和路由选择等规则,使用循环冗余校验(CRC)进行差错检出,并在MATLAB中仿真实现,从而构建了一种基于语音调度的IP信令网关。该网关一端与IP网络连接,另一端与PSTN中公用交换机相连,可使IP网络与程控电话网相互借助对方进行延伸。
本文紧紧围绕“基于语音调度的信令网关”这一主题,首先介绍了IP电话的一些相关知识,然后对信令网关的软硬件结构进行了总体设计,并着重阐述了信令网关采用的部分关键技术的具体设计方案,最后详述了该方案的具体实现。
Since entering the new century, the military has been accelerating the compound development of mechanization and information technology. The ultimate goal of this reform is to achieve the transformation from mechanization to information technology. "The civilian technology used by the military," is a powerful weapon to speed up the military information construction. It is making significant contribution to national defense information construction and national economy, and has enhanced our nation's information and military communication technology to a new level.
With the development of communication's modernization, the military program-controlled telephone network has almost spread all over the army, and the military data network has been being pressed on with construction. But in many companies, the condition of communication is still simple and crude, and it is dual task to construct the telephone network and the data network. In recent years, with the diversification of internet access technology, as well as increasingly sophisticated IP phone technology and increased competition, IP phone business have been growing rapidly. It is a good idea undoubtedly to use the method of "combination of telephone network and data network". Combination of the two networks can save expenditure and resource of line assuredly, and it can be implemented by enterprise IP telephone. Current commercial enterprise IP telephone equipments' cost and price are too high, because corporations must consider compatibility, scalability and the market.
This paper proposes a practical and feasible solution to the military IP telephone, which aims at voice communication than general scheme of IP telephone. So we can reduce the equipment difficulty and cost, and provide practical and economical service for the army. Signaling gateway plays an important role in the IP telephone system. It is used to connect signals and media between two different networks. Signaling gateway is necessary for enterprise IP telephone network to access to military telephone network. This paper designs a signaling gateway based on voice management, which kernel is Motorola Embedded Microprocessor MPC860. This signaling gateway connects not only the IP network but also the Public Switch in PSTN.
This paper introduces some knowledge about the IP telephone and the architecture of signaling gateway, and mainly focuses on the design and realization of some techniques of signaling gateway.
引文
[1]朱竹霞.IP电话技术及展望[J].电子质量,2008,4:72-75.
[2]李春明,姜述峰,赵颖.VoIP技术[J].今日科苑,2008,12:194-194.
[3]VoIP基本发展过程[DB/OL],腾讯科技,http://www.tencent.com/.
[4]刘璐,薛冰.IP电话技术及其发展趋势[J].福建电脑,2007,10:58-59.
[5]崔澎.TI支持低成本IP电话[J].电子产品世界,2007,8:140-140.
[6]李建峰.IP电话的实现及其关键技术[J].山西电子技术,2006,6:21-23.
[7]施慧莉.VoIP网络的系统结构演进[J].电子技术应用,2008,34(1):75-77,80.
[8]Wei Yu,Sriram Chellappan.P2P/Grid-based overlay architecture to support VoIP services in large-scale IP netxorks[J].Future Generation Computer Systems 21,2005,209-219.
[9]荣玮.IP电话系统技术的分析与创新[J].决策与信息.2007,6:52-55.
[10]ITU-T.Packet-based multimedia communications systems draft v4[S],2000-11.
[11]ITU-T.Call signalling protocols and media stream packetization for packet-based multimedia communication systems draft v3[S],1998-02.
[12]ITU-T.Control protocol for multimedia communication recommendation v2[S],1996-04.
[13]Josef Glasmann,Wolfgang Kellerer,.Service Architectures in H.323 and SIP-A Comparison[S].Munich University of Technology(TUM).
[14]ITU-T Recommendation H.225.0 Annex G(Version 1)(1999)[S],Communication between Administrative Domains.
[15]ITU-T Recommendation H.501(2002)[S],Protocol for Mobility Management and Intra/inter-domain Communication in Multime- dia Systems.
[16]ITU-T Recommendation H.225.0 Revised Annex G(Version 2)(2002)[S],Communication between and Within Administrative Do- mains.
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[20]谢希仁.计算机网络(第二版)[M].电子工业出版社,1999-04.
[21]程时端.综合业务数字网[M].人民邮电出版社,1993-10.
[22]叶敏.程控数字交换与交换网[M].北京邮电大学出版社,1993-01.
[23]WindRiver.Tornado User's Guide(windows version)[M],1999.
[24]WindRiver.VxWorks Programmer's Guide[M],1999.
[25]WindRiver.VxWorks Network Programmer's Guide[M],1999.
[26]徐欣,张志群.面向二十一世纪的嵌入式系统设计技术[M].国防科大电子科学与技术学院.
[27]Alice E,Fischer& David W.Eggert.C语言程序设计实用教程[M].电子工业出版社,2001-09.
[28]Douglas E,Comer.用TCP/IP进行网际互联第一卷:原理、协议与结构(第四版)[M].电子工业出版社,2001-05.
[29]Jesse,Liberty.C++自学通[M].机械工业出版社,1997-12.
[30]Mickey,Williams.Visual C++5自学通[M].机械工业出版社,1998-09.
[31]孔祥营,柏桂枝.嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks及其开发环境Tornado[M].中国电力出版社,2002-01.
[32]陈坚,陈伟.Visual C++网络高级编程[M].人民邮电出版社,2001-08.
[33]刘庆红.Visual C++6.0程序开发宝典[M].冶金工业出版社,1999-09.
[34]Ross,Williams.A Painless Guide to CRC Error Detection Algorithms V3.0[J],Rocksoft Pry Ltd,1993-08.
[35]彭远.ISUP消息分析[C],广西S1240维护中心.
[36]段道华.软交换技术的发展[J],华为技术报第136期.
[37]中华人民共和国信息产业部.IP电话/传真业务总体技术要求(Version2)[S],2001.
[2]李春明,姜述峰,赵颖.VoIP技术[J].今日科苑,2008,12:194-194.
[3]VoIP基本发展过程[DB/OL],腾讯科技,http://www.tencent.com/.
[4]刘璐,薛冰.IP电话技术及其发展趋势[J].福建电脑,2007,10:58-59.
[5]崔澎.TI支持低成本IP电话[J].电子产品世界,2007,8:140-140.
[6]李建峰.IP电话的实现及其关键技术[J].山西电子技术,2006,6:21-23.
[7]施慧莉.VoIP网络的系统结构演进[J].电子技术应用,2008,34(1):75-77,80.
[8]Wei Yu,Sriram Chellappan.P2P/Grid-based overlay architecture to support VoIP services in large-scale IP netxorks[J].Future Generation Computer Systems 21,2005,209-219.
[9]荣玮.IP电话系统技术的分析与创新[J].决策与信息.2007,6:52-55.
[10]ITU-T.Packet-based multimedia communications systems draft v4[S],2000-11.
[11]ITU-T.Call signalling protocols and media stream packetization for packet-based multimedia communication systems draft v3[S],1998-02.
[12]ITU-T.Control protocol for multimedia communication recommendation v2[S],1996-04.
[13]Josef Glasmann,Wolfgang Kellerer,.Service Architectures in H.323 and SIP-A Comparison[S].Munich University of Technology(TUM).
[14]ITU-T Recommendation H.225.0 Annex G(Version 1)(1999)[S],Communication between Administrative Domains.
[15]ITU-T Recommendation H.501(2002)[S],Protocol for Mobility Management and Intra/inter-domain Communication in Multime- dia Systems.
[16]ITU-T Recommendation H.225.0 Revised Annex G(Version 2)(2002)[S],Communication between and Within Administrative Do- mains.
[17]杨晋儒,吴立贞.No.7信令系统技术手册(修订本)[M].人民邮电出版社,2001-05.
[18]吴立贞,张延川.公共信道No.7信令网[M].人民邮电出版社,1998-06.
[19]李海花,王立言.No.7信令与IP的互通技术[M].电信传输研究所.
[20]谢希仁.计算机网络(第二版)[M].电子工业出版社,1999-04.
[21]程时端.综合业务数字网[M].人民邮电出版社,1993-10.
[22]叶敏.程控数字交换与交换网[M].北京邮电大学出版社,1993-01.
[23]WindRiver.Tornado User's Guide(windows version)[M],1999.
[24]WindRiver.VxWorks Programmer's Guide[M],1999.
[25]WindRiver.VxWorks Network Programmer's Guide[M],1999.
[26]徐欣,张志群.面向二十一世纪的嵌入式系统设计技术[M].国防科大电子科学与技术学院.
[27]Alice E,Fischer& David W.Eggert.C语言程序设计实用教程[M].电子工业出版社,2001-09.
[28]Douglas E,Comer.用TCP/IP进行网际互联第一卷:原理、协议与结构(第四版)[M].电子工业出版社,2001-05.
[29]Jesse,Liberty.C++自学通[M].机械工业出版社,1997-12.
[30]Mickey,Williams.Visual C++5自学通[M].机械工业出版社,1998-09.
[31]孔祥营,柏桂枝.嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks及其开发环境Tornado[M].中国电力出版社,2002-01.
[32]陈坚,陈伟.Visual C++网络高级编程[M].人民邮电出版社,2001-08.
[33]刘庆红.Visual C++6.0程序开发宝典[M].冶金工业出版社,1999-09.
[34]Ross,Williams.A Painless Guide to CRC Error Detection Algorithms V3.0[J],Rocksoft Pry Ltd,1993-08.
[35]彭远.ISUP消息分析[C],广西S1240维护中心.
[36]段道华.软交换技术的发展[J],华为技术报第136期.
[37]中华人民共和国信息产业部.IP电话/传真业务总体技术要求(Version2)[S],2001.