多场景下移动通信系统业务承载性能研究
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摘要
随着移动用户需求的提升和无线通信技术的进步,移动通信网络越来越呈现出多场景多业务的特点。具体而言,为了满足用户随时随地顺畅使用不同业务的需求,在网络硬件设施上,运营商在宏蜂窝的基础上针对高速铁路、卫星通信和密集城区等场景新建了网络以增强覆盖性能；在网络软件应用上,服务商在传统语音和数据下载业务之外开发了在线多媒体、即时通讯、智能家居、社交网络、在线游戏等多类业务以满足用户的多元化需求。网络软硬件功能的不断拓展,也使得研究多场景下移动通信系统承载不同业务时的性能变得尤为迫切。
本文依照自底层到顶层的逻辑,将研究脉络归为频谱管理方案、物理层方案、媒体接入控制(MAC)层方案和应用层方案四个递进层级,并依照此技术层级对移动通信系统在多种场景下承载不同业务时的性能进行了如下研究：
1)研究了宏蜂窝场景中在线多媒体业务和语音业务的承载性能。文中提出了一种考虑设备和环境因素的用户体验研究架构,并根据此架构提出了两种涉及应用层和MAC层的无线资源优化配置算法。针对承载能力有限的3G宏蜂窝场景,研究给出了依算法优化配置无线资源后在线多媒体业务和语音业务的用户体验性能结果；
2)研究了高速铁路场景中数据下载业务的承载性能。本文研究了在已经部署TD-LTE宏蜂窝情况下,进一步部署高速铁路专用通信网后高铁车厢内用户的数据下载业务性能。具体而言,文中首先从频谱管理角度研究了高铁通信专网和宏蜂窝网络在同频／邻频部署时各自网络下行的吞吐量性能；第二,针对研究发现的高铁基站-列车车顶转发器链路因受到宏蜂窝网络干扰而吞吐量损失严重的问题,本文提出了MAC层的频谱动态避让算法和物理层的天线改进方案、干扰消除方案并给出了这些方案的抗干扰效果。
3)研究了室内场景下智能家居业务的承载性能。本文研究了在室内已经部署Wi-Fi设备的情况下,利用TD-LTE制式的家庭基站网络和利用ZigBee制式的物联网络承载智能家居业务时的性能。由于LTE、Wi-Fi、 ZigBee频段已经基本划定,因此本文提出了智能家居场景模型并基于此模型研究了当前频谱划分下LTE制式和ZigBee制式节点承载智能家居业务的性能。此外,研究给出了ZigBee制式节点承载智能家居业务时选择MAC层探测技术的建议。
4)研究了宏蜂窝场景下即时数据通信业务承载性能。文中研究了宏蜂窝用户大量使用QQ和微博这两种典型即时数据通信业务造成的控制信道和业务信道资源利用不均衡问题,提出了针对控制信道的建模方案并给出了性能结果。此外,研究针对QQ业务暴露出来的前向控制信道先于业务信道饱和的问题提出了通过调整MAC层休眠时间参数来优化承载用户数量的建议。
5)研究了涉及卫星场景和密集城区场景的话音业务容量性能。本文研究了在目前频谱规划下部署卫星通信系统扩大移动通信支持范围时,卫星通信系统对已有宏蜂窝系统能够承载的话音业务容量的影响；以及在目前频谱规划下,.利用微基站和微微基站增强蜂窝系统支持容量时,微基站和微微基站物理层射频指标对宏蜂窝系统能够承载的话音业务容量的影响。
综上所述,论文从系统体系架构入手,考察了频谱划分、物理层、MAC层和应用层的有关问题,分析、探讨了相应的理论模型和研究方法,提出了优化或改进的措施并进行了论证,对多场景下移动通信系统承载不同业务时的性能给出了丰富的研究实例和研究结果。
With the development of mobile users'needs and wireless communication technologies, mobile communication systems present the characteristics of different scenarios and different services. Specifically, in order to content needs of using different services anytime and anywhere, in the aspect of network hardware facilities, operators have built specified network to improve coverage ranges which coexists with the initial macro cells in different scenarios, such as high-speed railway, satellite communications and dense urban scenarios. In the aspect of network software applications, besides traditional voice and data download services, facilitators develop different services such as online multimedia, instant communication, smart home, social games and online games to content users'needs. The increasing developments of network hardware and software functions lead the research on service capability of mobile communication system in multi-scenario become more and more important.
From bottom to top level, this paper summarizes researches as four successive approaches, those are, spectrum management methods, physical layer methods, MAC layer methods and application layer methods. Then based on those methods the performance of mobile communication system bearing different services in multi-scenario are researched as follows:
1) The bearing performance of on-line multimedia and voice services in macro cells scenario. In this paper, a QoE (Quality of user Experience) research framework considering equipment and environment factors has been presented. Then, based on this framework, two wireless resource optimization allocation algorithms involving application and MAC layers have been proposed. At last, in view of the limited bearing capacity of3G macro cellular scene, after the two algorithms been applied, the QoE performance of multimedia and voice services have been evaluated.
2) The bearing performance of data downloads service in high-speed railway scenario. In this paper, under the circumstances of deployed TD-LTE macro network, the data download performance of passengers has been researched after high-speed railway specified network been deployed. Specifically, first of all, from spectrum management perspective, the downlink throughput of high-speed railway specified network has been evaluated when co-located macro cellular network coexists in co-channel or adjacent channel. Secondly, in view of the serious throughput loss caused by co-located macro cellular network in the downlink of high-speed railway specified network, three anti-interference approaches, those are, the spectrum dynamic avoidance algorithms in MAC layer, the antenna and interference elimination approaches in physical layer have been proposed. At last, the performances of those approaches have been evaluated.
3) The bearing performance of smart home service in in-door scenario. When Wi-Fi equipments have been deployed in in-door, the TD-LTE and ZigBee nodes performances of supporting smart home services have been evaluated in this paper. Since the spectrums of LTE, Wi-Fi, ZigBee have been confirmed, the paper proposes smart home scenario model, and the bearing performances to support smart home service in current spectrum partitions have been evaluated. In addition, the paper proposes that MAC layer detection technology will be a good choice when ZigBee nodes are used to support smart home service.
4) The bearing performance of instant data service in macro cellular scenario. In this paper, when macro cellular users use QQ and Weibo this two kinds of typical real-time data services, the resource unbalance problems in control channel and service channel have been researched. The paper also proposes modeling scheme of the control channel and evaluates model performance. In addition, researches on the saturation problem of forward control channel earlier than service channel in QQ service have been presented. The advice of adjusting MAC layer sleeping time parameters also has been proposed.
5) The voice service performance in satellite and dense urban scenarios. Under the current spectrum allocation, firstly, when satellite communication network is used to expand supporting coverage of mobile communication system, this paper has researched the effect to pre-existing macro cellular network caused by satellite communication network. Secondly, when Micro and Pico base station are used to enhance macro cell capacity, this paper has researched the effect to the voice capacity in macro cell system caused by RF indexes in physical layer of Micro and Pico base stations.
In conclusion, in view of system architecture, this paper analyzes the related issues about spectrum allocation, physical, MAC and application layer, discusses corresponding theoretical models and research methods, the optimization or improvement measures are also put forward and carried out. All those give rich research examples and results for service capabilities of mobile communication systems in multi-scenario.
本文依照自底层到顶层的逻辑,将研究脉络归为频谱管理方案、物理层方案、媒体接入控制(MAC)层方案和应用层方案四个递进层级,并依照此技术层级对移动通信系统在多种场景下承载不同业务时的性能进行了如下研究：
1)研究了宏蜂窝场景中在线多媒体业务和语音业务的承载性能。文中提出了一种考虑设备和环境因素的用户体验研究架构,并根据此架构提出了两种涉及应用层和MAC层的无线资源优化配置算法。针对承载能力有限的3G宏蜂窝场景,研究给出了依算法优化配置无线资源后在线多媒体业务和语音业务的用户体验性能结果；
2)研究了高速铁路场景中数据下载业务的承载性能。本文研究了在已经部署TD-LTE宏蜂窝情况下,进一步部署高速铁路专用通信网后高铁车厢内用户的数据下载业务性能。具体而言,文中首先从频谱管理角度研究了高铁通信专网和宏蜂窝网络在同频／邻频部署时各自网络下行的吞吐量性能；第二,针对研究发现的高铁基站-列车车顶转发器链路因受到宏蜂窝网络干扰而吞吐量损失严重的问题,本文提出了MAC层的频谱动态避让算法和物理层的天线改进方案、干扰消除方案并给出了这些方案的抗干扰效果。
3)研究了室内场景下智能家居业务的承载性能。本文研究了在室内已经部署Wi-Fi设备的情况下,利用TD-LTE制式的家庭基站网络和利用ZigBee制式的物联网络承载智能家居业务时的性能。由于LTE、Wi-Fi、 ZigBee频段已经基本划定,因此本文提出了智能家居场景模型并基于此模型研究了当前频谱划分下LTE制式和ZigBee制式节点承载智能家居业务的性能。此外,研究给出了ZigBee制式节点承载智能家居业务时选择MAC层探测技术的建议。
4)研究了宏蜂窝场景下即时数据通信业务承载性能。文中研究了宏蜂窝用户大量使用QQ和微博这两种典型即时数据通信业务造成的控制信道和业务信道资源利用不均衡问题,提出了针对控制信道的建模方案并给出了性能结果。此外,研究针对QQ业务暴露出来的前向控制信道先于业务信道饱和的问题提出了通过调整MAC层休眠时间参数来优化承载用户数量的建议。
5)研究了涉及卫星场景和密集城区场景的话音业务容量性能。本文研究了在目前频谱规划下部署卫星通信系统扩大移动通信支持范围时,卫星通信系统对已有宏蜂窝系统能够承载的话音业务容量的影响；以及在目前频谱规划下,.利用微基站和微微基站增强蜂窝系统支持容量时,微基站和微微基站物理层射频指标对宏蜂窝系统能够承载的话音业务容量的影响。
综上所述,论文从系统体系架构入手,考察了频谱划分、物理层、MAC层和应用层的有关问题,分析、探讨了相应的理论模型和研究方法,提出了优化或改进的措施并进行了论证,对多场景下移动通信系统承载不同业务时的性能给出了丰富的研究实例和研究结果。
With the development of mobile users'needs and wireless communication technologies, mobile communication systems present the characteristics of different scenarios and different services. Specifically, in order to content needs of using different services anytime and anywhere, in the aspect of network hardware facilities, operators have built specified network to improve coverage ranges which coexists with the initial macro cells in different scenarios, such as high-speed railway, satellite communications and dense urban scenarios. In the aspect of network software applications, besides traditional voice and data download services, facilitators develop different services such as online multimedia, instant communication, smart home, social games and online games to content users'needs. The increasing developments of network hardware and software functions lead the research on service capability of mobile communication system in multi-scenario become more and more important.
From bottom to top level, this paper summarizes researches as four successive approaches, those are, spectrum management methods, physical layer methods, MAC layer methods and application layer methods. Then based on those methods the performance of mobile communication system bearing different services in multi-scenario are researched as follows:
1) The bearing performance of on-line multimedia and voice services in macro cells scenario. In this paper, a QoE (Quality of user Experience) research framework considering equipment and environment factors has been presented. Then, based on this framework, two wireless resource optimization allocation algorithms involving application and MAC layers have been proposed. At last, in view of the limited bearing capacity of3G macro cellular scene, after the two algorithms been applied, the QoE performance of multimedia and voice services have been evaluated.
2) The bearing performance of data downloads service in high-speed railway scenario. In this paper, under the circumstances of deployed TD-LTE macro network, the data download performance of passengers has been researched after high-speed railway specified network been deployed. Specifically, first of all, from spectrum management perspective, the downlink throughput of high-speed railway specified network has been evaluated when co-located macro cellular network coexists in co-channel or adjacent channel. Secondly, in view of the serious throughput loss caused by co-located macro cellular network in the downlink of high-speed railway specified network, three anti-interference approaches, those are, the spectrum dynamic avoidance algorithms in MAC layer, the antenna and interference elimination approaches in physical layer have been proposed. At last, the performances of those approaches have been evaluated.
3) The bearing performance of smart home service in in-door scenario. When Wi-Fi equipments have been deployed in in-door, the TD-LTE and ZigBee nodes performances of supporting smart home services have been evaluated in this paper. Since the spectrums of LTE, Wi-Fi, ZigBee have been confirmed, the paper proposes smart home scenario model, and the bearing performances to support smart home service in current spectrum partitions have been evaluated. In addition, the paper proposes that MAC layer detection technology will be a good choice when ZigBee nodes are used to support smart home service.
4) The bearing performance of instant data service in macro cellular scenario. In this paper, when macro cellular users use QQ and Weibo this two kinds of typical real-time data services, the resource unbalance problems in control channel and service channel have been researched. The paper also proposes modeling scheme of the control channel and evaluates model performance. In addition, researches on the saturation problem of forward control channel earlier than service channel in QQ service have been presented. The advice of adjusting MAC layer sleeping time parameters also has been proposed.
5) The voice service performance in satellite and dense urban scenarios. Under the current spectrum allocation, firstly, when satellite communication network is used to expand supporting coverage of mobile communication system, this paper has researched the effect to pre-existing macro cellular network caused by satellite communication network. Secondly, when Micro and Pico base station are used to enhance macro cell capacity, this paper has researched the effect to the voice capacity in macro cell system caused by RF indexes in physical layer of Micro and Pico base stations.
In conclusion, in view of system architecture, this paper analyzes the related issues about spectrum allocation, physical, MAC and application layer, discusses corresponding theoretical models and research methods, the optimization or improvement measures are also put forward and carried out. All those give rich research examples and results for service capabilities of mobile communication systems in multi-scenario.
引文
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