蚌埠花岗岩中矿物演化及对华北陆块南缘侏罗纪花岗岩形成机制的研究
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摘要
本文主要针对华北克拉通东南缘蚌埠荆山侏罗纪花岗岩进行研究,根据野外观察发现荆山岩体中存在主体花岗岩、黑云母和石榴石富集的暗色体以及细晶岩等三种类型的岩石。本文对此三类岩石的全岩以及锆石,石榴石,褐帘石,白云母等单矿物进行地球化学研究。
1)锆石的CASIMS U-Pb定年结果表明：三种类型的岩石的锆石都具有侏罗纪(160Ma)的岩浆锆石边部和三叠纪(210-236Ma)、新元古(700-800Ma)的继承锆石核部,且其侏罗纪岩浆锆石边部均具有相似的稀土元素配分模式。这些地球化学特征表明此三种岩石具有成因上的联系,可能来自同一源区。此外,本文根据全岩的主量元素和微量元素特征将荆山主体花岗岩定义为淡色花岗岩。三叠纪和新元古的继承锆石核部以及全岩Sr-O同位素组成暗示荆山花岗岩的源区可能为来自大别-苏鲁的片麻岩。而全岩的Li同位素特征进一步表明其源区可能为苏鲁或者南大别的片麻岩。
2)通过对三种岩石中石榴石的主量元素,稀土元素以及氧同位素的研究表明荆山花岗岩中存在转熔成因和岩浆成因的石榴石,结合暗色体全岩中锆石的定年数据、石榴石中锆石包裹体的侏罗纪年龄以及与主体花岗岩相似的矿物组成,我们认为这些暗色体是在花岗岩形成过程中矿物脱水熔融后熔体提取形成的残留体,而残留体中的石榴石可能是转熔成因的石榴石。残留体中的石榴石相对于主体花岗岩中的石榴石具有较高的重稀土和中稀土元素含量,细晶岩中的石榴石相对于前两者具有明显的Eu负异常和较高的中稀土元素含量。而暗色体中的石榴石具有较低的的δ18O(大部分<3.8‰),主体花岗岩中大部分的的8180在3.8‰到4.7‰之间,而细晶岩中的石榴石一般都大于4.7‰。花岗岩和细晶岩中的石榴石都具有老的石榴石核部和新生长的石榴石边部暗示在花岗岩中转熔成因的石榴石可能通过溶解-再沉淀过程与花岗岩熔体达到再平衡。
3)通过对残留体和主花岗岩中白云母的激光拉曼,电子探针以及褐帘石的电子探针研究表明荆山岩体中也存在不同成因的白云母和褐帘石,也分别为转熔和岩浆成因。残留体中转熔成因的白云母为多硅白云母,根据多硅白云母的硅原子数推测荆山花岗岩发生部分熔融时的压力为1.0-1.3GPa,结合暗色体中180-220Ma的继承锆石年龄,表明华南板块俯冲到华北克拉通东南缘折返的深度至少为30-40Km,相当于华北克拉通中下地壳水平。
4)转熔的矿物是在变质反应中形成的,不属于花岗岩直接结晶的。我们通过计算发现在花岗岩中转熔的矿物一般不超过10%,而剩余的属于花岗岩的熔体含量大于90%,虽然荆山花岗岩具有亚岩浆的线理结构,由于熔体含量高,因此属于岩浆流,此线理结构可能反映的是岩浆流流动的方向。
5)本文对蚌埠侏罗纪花岗岩与围岩接触边界进行详细的年代学研究。定年结果以及岩石学证据表明边界围岩中存在类似荆山主体花岗岩的残留体。我们还发现花岗岩脉中同时存在含古元古代和三叠纪继承锆石,且脉体主要沿围岩的裂隙生长,所以可能是侏罗纪花岗岩的岩浆在上升过程中捕获华北物质的结果,即花岗岩侵位的过程中没有导致华北围岩物质发生大规模的部分熔融。本研究在华北克拉通东南缘蚌埠荆山地区角闪岩中发现27-28亿年岩浆锆石核部和18亿年变质锆石边部的暗示其在27-28亿年形成后经历了18亿年的高压麻粒岩相变质事件。
In this study, we analysed the Late Jurassic Jingshan granite located at the south-eastern margin of the North China Craton which can be subdivided into three types:(ⅰ) the host granite,(ⅱ) mafic biotite and garnet rich enclave, and (ⅲ) aplite. The Sr-Nd-O-Li isotope for whole rock, the major-, trace-element, oxygen isotope for garnet, the major-, trace-element for allanite, the major element for white mica, feldspar and the zircon U-Pb dating in different rocks were analysed in our study.
1)In-situ U-Pb dating and trace element analyses on zircons from different garnet-bearing samples show inherited cores and fine-scale oscillatory zoned magmatic rims. The dark-luminescent magmatic rims all have Jurassic concordia ages (～160Ma) and similar trace element patterns. Most of the inherited cores also display similar Triassic ages of210to236Ma and occasionally neoproterozoic ages. The age data suggest that the different types of garnet, allanite, white mica may be genetically related and modified by cogenetic magmatic events. Based on the major element, trace elelemnt especially the majore element for the whole rock, the Jingshan granite is leucogranite. The Triassic and Neoproterozoic inherited zircon and the Sr-Nd-O isotope for whole rock suggested that the source of the Jingshan granite is the Dabie-Sulu gneiss, which is the subducted continental crust of the North China Craton. The Li isotope of the whole rock proved that the source of the Jingshan granite maybe from Su-Lu or the south Dabie gneiss in advance.
2) Base on the major element, trace element, oxygen isotope and zoning textures of the three kinds of garnet, we suggest peritectic garnets and magmatic garnets were found in the granite. Combined the Jurassic concordia ages in a zircon inclusion in the garnet from the mafic enclaves and the similar minerals association with the host granite, we suggest that the mafic enclaves are restites which were fromed after the melt abstraction during the process of the minerals dehydration melting. This also imply that the Grt Ⅰ is peritectic garnet. Relative to Grt Ⅰ, Grt Ⅱ has higher MREE and HREE content, and Grt Ⅲ is enriched in Mn, but depleted in Ca. Grt Ⅲ has prominent and distinctly negative Eu anomaly as well as higher MREE composition compared to the others. Systematic variations in oxygen isotope compositions are observed among the three garnet types, with δ18O values of<3.8‰in most of Grt Ⅰ,3.8to4.7‰for most Grt Ⅱ (for inclusion-free garnets), and typically>4.7‰for Grt Ⅲ. Some of the Grt Ⅱ and Grt Ⅲ display two distinct zonings with cores having similar major and trace element compositions to Grt Ⅰ. The magmatic garnet is probably the results of magmatic dissolution-precipitation processes and re-equilibration of garnets with changing magmatic conditions during melting, differentiation, crystallization, and cooling within the granite.
3) Based on the ramman shift and major element data for the white mica and the major, trace element analysis for the allanite in Jingshan granite, different gneiss of allanites and white micas were also found in granite and restite-maybe peritectic and magmatic minerals. The peritectic white micas in the restite are metamorphic phengite. The formation pressure for the granite is1.0-1.3Gpa based on the Si atomic number, which implied that the exhumation depth for the subducted South China Craton to the North China Craton is30-40Km at least, and represent the middle and lower crust level of the North China Craton.
4) The peritectic minerals are not crstallizied from the mgma directly. The percent of the peritectic minerals in the granite are less than10%, thus the melt content is higher than90%. The magma of the Jingshan granite is magmatic flow, although it has the lineation of the sub magmatic flow.
5) We also analysed the zircons in different rocks from the contact boundary of the Jingshan intrusion. Based on the petrology and the zircon U-Pb data, the restite of the Jingshan granite is found in the contact boundary. The Jurassic magmatic zircon rims and Paleoproterozoic inherited zircon cores are found in the granitic dykes from the contact boundary of the Jingshan intrusion. However, the granite manily exists along the gap of the Paleoproterozoic amphibolite. Thus, the Paleoproterozoic inherited zircon may be captured by the granite as it ascent, and the Paleoproterozoic amphibolite was not melted. The2.7-2.8Ga magmatic zircon cores were found in the amphibolite from Bengbu uplift, and the1.8Ga metamorphic zircon rims in the amphibolite implied that it underwent HP granulite facies metamorphism at c.1.8Ga.
1)锆石的CASIMS U-Pb定年结果表明：三种类型的岩石的锆石都具有侏罗纪(160Ma)的岩浆锆石边部和三叠纪(210-236Ma)、新元古(700-800Ma)的继承锆石核部,且其侏罗纪岩浆锆石边部均具有相似的稀土元素配分模式。这些地球化学特征表明此三种岩石具有成因上的联系,可能来自同一源区。此外,本文根据全岩的主量元素和微量元素特征将荆山主体花岗岩定义为淡色花岗岩。三叠纪和新元古的继承锆石核部以及全岩Sr-O同位素组成暗示荆山花岗岩的源区可能为来自大别-苏鲁的片麻岩。而全岩的Li同位素特征进一步表明其源区可能为苏鲁或者南大别的片麻岩。
2)通过对三种岩石中石榴石的主量元素,稀土元素以及氧同位素的研究表明荆山花岗岩中存在转熔成因和岩浆成因的石榴石,结合暗色体全岩中锆石的定年数据、石榴石中锆石包裹体的侏罗纪年龄以及与主体花岗岩相似的矿物组成,我们认为这些暗色体是在花岗岩形成过程中矿物脱水熔融后熔体提取形成的残留体,而残留体中的石榴石可能是转熔成因的石榴石。残留体中的石榴石相对于主体花岗岩中的石榴石具有较高的重稀土和中稀土元素含量,细晶岩中的石榴石相对于前两者具有明显的Eu负异常和较高的中稀土元素含量。而暗色体中的石榴石具有较低的的δ18O(大部分<3.8‰),主体花岗岩中大部分的的8180在3.8‰到4.7‰之间,而细晶岩中的石榴石一般都大于4.7‰。花岗岩和细晶岩中的石榴石都具有老的石榴石核部和新生长的石榴石边部暗示在花岗岩中转熔成因的石榴石可能通过溶解-再沉淀过程与花岗岩熔体达到再平衡。
3)通过对残留体和主花岗岩中白云母的激光拉曼,电子探针以及褐帘石的电子探针研究表明荆山岩体中也存在不同成因的白云母和褐帘石,也分别为转熔和岩浆成因。残留体中转熔成因的白云母为多硅白云母,根据多硅白云母的硅原子数推测荆山花岗岩发生部分熔融时的压力为1.0-1.3GPa,结合暗色体中180-220Ma的继承锆石年龄,表明华南板块俯冲到华北克拉通东南缘折返的深度至少为30-40Km,相当于华北克拉通中下地壳水平。
4)转熔的矿物是在变质反应中形成的,不属于花岗岩直接结晶的。我们通过计算发现在花岗岩中转熔的矿物一般不超过10%,而剩余的属于花岗岩的熔体含量大于90%,虽然荆山花岗岩具有亚岩浆的线理结构,由于熔体含量高,因此属于岩浆流,此线理结构可能反映的是岩浆流流动的方向。
5)本文对蚌埠侏罗纪花岗岩与围岩接触边界进行详细的年代学研究。定年结果以及岩石学证据表明边界围岩中存在类似荆山主体花岗岩的残留体。我们还发现花岗岩脉中同时存在含古元古代和三叠纪继承锆石,且脉体主要沿围岩的裂隙生长,所以可能是侏罗纪花岗岩的岩浆在上升过程中捕获华北物质的结果,即花岗岩侵位的过程中没有导致华北围岩物质发生大规模的部分熔融。本研究在华北克拉通东南缘蚌埠荆山地区角闪岩中发现27-28亿年岩浆锆石核部和18亿年变质锆石边部的暗示其在27-28亿年形成后经历了18亿年的高压麻粒岩相变质事件。
In this study, we analysed the Late Jurassic Jingshan granite located at the south-eastern margin of the North China Craton which can be subdivided into three types:(ⅰ) the host granite,(ⅱ) mafic biotite and garnet rich enclave, and (ⅲ) aplite. The Sr-Nd-O-Li isotope for whole rock, the major-, trace-element, oxygen isotope for garnet, the major-, trace-element for allanite, the major element for white mica, feldspar and the zircon U-Pb dating in different rocks were analysed in our study.
1)In-situ U-Pb dating and trace element analyses on zircons from different garnet-bearing samples show inherited cores and fine-scale oscillatory zoned magmatic rims. The dark-luminescent magmatic rims all have Jurassic concordia ages (～160Ma) and similar trace element patterns. Most of the inherited cores also display similar Triassic ages of210to236Ma and occasionally neoproterozoic ages. The age data suggest that the different types of garnet, allanite, white mica may be genetically related and modified by cogenetic magmatic events. Based on the major element, trace elelemnt especially the majore element for the whole rock, the Jingshan granite is leucogranite. The Triassic and Neoproterozoic inherited zircon and the Sr-Nd-O isotope for whole rock suggested that the source of the Jingshan granite is the Dabie-Sulu gneiss, which is the subducted continental crust of the North China Craton. The Li isotope of the whole rock proved that the source of the Jingshan granite maybe from Su-Lu or the south Dabie gneiss in advance.
2) Base on the major element, trace element, oxygen isotope and zoning textures of the three kinds of garnet, we suggest peritectic garnets and magmatic garnets were found in the granite. Combined the Jurassic concordia ages in a zircon inclusion in the garnet from the mafic enclaves and the similar minerals association with the host granite, we suggest that the mafic enclaves are restites which were fromed after the melt abstraction during the process of the minerals dehydration melting. This also imply that the Grt Ⅰ is peritectic garnet. Relative to Grt Ⅰ, Grt Ⅱ has higher MREE and HREE content, and Grt Ⅲ is enriched in Mn, but depleted in Ca. Grt Ⅲ has prominent and distinctly negative Eu anomaly as well as higher MREE composition compared to the others. Systematic variations in oxygen isotope compositions are observed among the three garnet types, with δ18O values of<3.8‰in most of Grt Ⅰ,3.8to4.7‰for most Grt Ⅱ (for inclusion-free garnets), and typically>4.7‰for Grt Ⅲ. Some of the Grt Ⅱ and Grt Ⅲ display two distinct zonings with cores having similar major and trace element compositions to Grt Ⅰ. The magmatic garnet is probably the results of magmatic dissolution-precipitation processes and re-equilibration of garnets with changing magmatic conditions during melting, differentiation, crystallization, and cooling within the granite.
3) Based on the ramman shift and major element data for the white mica and the major, trace element analysis for the allanite in Jingshan granite, different gneiss of allanites and white micas were also found in granite and restite-maybe peritectic and magmatic minerals. The peritectic white micas in the restite are metamorphic phengite. The formation pressure for the granite is1.0-1.3Gpa based on the Si atomic number, which implied that the exhumation depth for the subducted South China Craton to the North China Craton is30-40Km at least, and represent the middle and lower crust level of the North China Craton.
4) The peritectic minerals are not crstallizied from the mgma directly. The percent of the peritectic minerals in the granite are less than10%, thus the melt content is higher than90%. The magma of the Jingshan granite is magmatic flow, although it has the lineation of the sub magmatic flow.
5) We also analysed the zircons in different rocks from the contact boundary of the Jingshan intrusion. Based on the petrology and the zircon U-Pb data, the restite of the Jingshan granite is found in the contact boundary. The Jurassic magmatic zircon rims and Paleoproterozoic inherited zircon cores are found in the granitic dykes from the contact boundary of the Jingshan intrusion. However, the granite manily exists along the gap of the Paleoproterozoic amphibolite. Thus, the Paleoproterozoic inherited zircon may be captured by the granite as it ascent, and the Paleoproterozoic amphibolite was not melted. The2.7-2.8Ga magmatic zircon cores were found in the amphibolite from Bengbu uplift, and the1.8Ga metamorphic zircon rims in the amphibolite implied that it underwent HP granulite facies metamorphism at c.1.8Ga.
引文
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