基于Web服务的城市基础地理数据发布与分发系统研究
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摘要
近10年来,随着计算机技术特别是网络、通讯技术的发展,GIS技术得到了飞速发展,并朝着网络化、大众化的方向发展。同时,由于社会对地理信息的巨大需求,地理数据的应用日益广泛。利用Internet在Web上发布和出版地理信息、为用户提供地理数据浏览、查询、制作专题地图和分析的功能,从而实现地理信息的操作和共享,已经成为GIS相关产业发展的必然趋势。
论文结合“萍乡市基础地理信息系统”项目,对城市基础地理数据在WEB上的发布和分发进行研究,提出了利用ESRI的Web开发工具ArcGIS Server来构建WebGIS的系统方案。结合IIS(Internet Information Service)和.Net技术,在Microsoft VisualStudio.Net开发平台上实现动态WebGIS应用系统。
本文分析了WebGIS的主要特点,探讨了WebGIS的实现以及相关的基础技术,比较分析了几种流行的WebGIS开发平台;选用ESRI公司的ArcGIS Server9.2作为开发平台,就它的发展、体系结构以及该平台开发中Tasks技术进行了深入介绍:对系统开发所涉及到的关键技术进行了探讨;最后,根据基础地理数据发布和分发系统的特点和实际需求,提出了系统的设计方案,并就设计方案,结合ArcGIS Server的技术特点实现了一个基于Web服务的基础地理数据发布和分发系统。
创新之处和技术难点主要在于:
1)结合ESRI软件发展的方向——服务器的GIS技术,对比当前比较流行的几种WebGIS开发平台,采用了ESRI最新的WebGIS开发平台ArcGIS Server9.2作为系统的开发工具构建WebGIS应用,相对其它的WebGIS开发产品更具优势。
2)基于Internet的空间数据分发技术。以往用户进行空间数据分发,大都是在本机上使用桌面端产品进行操作,该系统使用户可以在不同的机器上通过互联网做到数据的分发,使用户能够便捷的获取所需数据,而无需安装任何相关的桌面端产品。
3)无需编程构建WebGIS应用。结合最新的ArcGIS Server9.2产品理念,在不用编程的情况下,使用构建Tasks的方法完成了属性查询、要素集和要素类空间数据的分发以及缓冲分析等功能。
4)将地理处理技术以及ModelBuilder技术很好结合到系统开发中,极大丰富了其功能的应用。Geoprocessing和ModelBuilder作为ESRI公司桌面端产品中的重要技术,在ArcGIS Server9.2推出后得到了很好的扩展,两者的结合使WebGIS开发更便捷,通过模型建立完成功能的实现。
5)空间元数据管理。结合XML数据存储管理模式,通过构建XSL样式规范,使用ASP.NET控件将空间数据导入,使用户能很方面的获取到空间数据的属性、描述和空间等相关信息。
With the developmen of computer technology, especially the network and communication technology in the past 10 years, GIS technology has made rapid development, and developed in the direction of network and public. At the same time, because of the great demand for geographic information in the community, geographic data is widely used.Pulishing the geographic information, browsing and querying the geographic data for users, production of the thematic maps and analysis fuction throught internet on the web, those in order to achieve the operational and geographic information sharing, the related industries of GIS has become the inevitable trend of development.
This paper conjunction with the project , "Pingxiang City's basic geographic information system" , researched the publicing and distributing the foundation geodata of urban on the web,proposed the solutions that made use of the ESRI development tools on the web------ArcGISServer to build WebGIS system. Combine the IIS (the Internet Information Service) and.technique of Net, in the Microsoft Visual Studio.the Net development terrace up carry out the dynamic state WebGIS application system.
This paper analysed the main character of WebGIS, discussed the realization way of WebGIS and associated infrastructure technology, compared and analysised several popular WebGIS development platform; Selected the ESRI's ArcGIS Server9.2 as the development platform, and detailed introduced its development, architecture and Tasks during the developing process to the platform, discussed the key technology that system had involved during the development. Finally, in accordance with the character and the actual demand of the basic geographic data public and distribution system, to design the system, and according to the case, combined the technical characteristics of ArcGIS Server, achieved a Web-based geographic data public and distribution system.
The innovation and technical difficulties of this paper covers the following aspects:
1. ESRI software development with the direction - server GIS technology; Comparation with several more popular WebGIS development platform, used the latest ESRI ArcGIS Server9.2 WebGIS development platform as the system development tool, and then constructed WebGIS application; which is more advantages to the WebGIS development product.
2. Internet-based spatial data distribution technology. In the past, most of users cope with the spatial data distribution through the desktop products, the system allows users to complete the data distribution on different machines via the Internet, enables users to access the necessary data convenient without any desktop products installation.
3. Construction of WebGIS application without programming. With the latest ArcGIS Server9.2 product concepts, in no programming circumstances, completed the fuction through the construction of Tasks, for example, the inquiration for the property, the distribution of feature set and feature classes spatial data, and analysis functions.
4. Let Geographic processing technology combine with the Geographic ModelBuilder technology well, and then used in the good system development, has greatly enriched their functional applications. Geoprocessing and ModelBuilder as the most important technology of ESRI desktop products have been expanded after the ArcGIS Server 9.2 prodution birth. WebGIS combinations of the two make the development more convenient; function can be achieved through the establishment of model.
5. Spatial metadata management. Users can access attributes、description and space, and other related information of spatial data. This process need to combine the XML data stroage management model, build the XSL style norms, import the spatial data through the ASP.NET controls.
论文结合“萍乡市基础地理信息系统”项目,对城市基础地理数据在WEB上的发布和分发进行研究,提出了利用ESRI的Web开发工具ArcGIS Server来构建WebGIS的系统方案。结合IIS(Internet Information Service)和.Net技术,在Microsoft VisualStudio.Net开发平台上实现动态WebGIS应用系统。
本文分析了WebGIS的主要特点,探讨了WebGIS的实现以及相关的基础技术,比较分析了几种流行的WebGIS开发平台;选用ESRI公司的ArcGIS Server9.2作为开发平台,就它的发展、体系结构以及该平台开发中Tasks技术进行了深入介绍:对系统开发所涉及到的关键技术进行了探讨;最后,根据基础地理数据发布和分发系统的特点和实际需求,提出了系统的设计方案,并就设计方案,结合ArcGIS Server的技术特点实现了一个基于Web服务的基础地理数据发布和分发系统。
创新之处和技术难点主要在于:
1)结合ESRI软件发展的方向——服务器的GIS技术,对比当前比较流行的几种WebGIS开发平台,采用了ESRI最新的WebGIS开发平台ArcGIS Server9.2作为系统的开发工具构建WebGIS应用,相对其它的WebGIS开发产品更具优势。
2)基于Internet的空间数据分发技术。以往用户进行空间数据分发,大都是在本机上使用桌面端产品进行操作,该系统使用户可以在不同的机器上通过互联网做到数据的分发,使用户能够便捷的获取所需数据,而无需安装任何相关的桌面端产品。
3)无需编程构建WebGIS应用。结合最新的ArcGIS Server9.2产品理念,在不用编程的情况下,使用构建Tasks的方法完成了属性查询、要素集和要素类空间数据的分发以及缓冲分析等功能。
4)将地理处理技术以及ModelBuilder技术很好结合到系统开发中,极大丰富了其功能的应用。Geoprocessing和ModelBuilder作为ESRI公司桌面端产品中的重要技术,在ArcGIS Server9.2推出后得到了很好的扩展,两者的结合使WebGIS开发更便捷,通过模型建立完成功能的实现。
5)空间元数据管理。结合XML数据存储管理模式,通过构建XSL样式规范,使用ASP.NET控件将空间数据导入,使用户能很方面的获取到空间数据的属性、描述和空间等相关信息。
With the developmen of computer technology, especially the network and communication technology in the past 10 years, GIS technology has made rapid development, and developed in the direction of network and public. At the same time, because of the great demand for geographic information in the community, geographic data is widely used.Pulishing the geographic information, browsing and querying the geographic data for users, production of the thematic maps and analysis fuction throught internet on the web, those in order to achieve the operational and geographic information sharing, the related industries of GIS has become the inevitable trend of development.
This paper conjunction with the project , "Pingxiang City's basic geographic information system" , researched the publicing and distributing the foundation geodata of urban on the web,proposed the solutions that made use of the ESRI development tools on the web------ArcGISServer to build WebGIS system. Combine the IIS (the Internet Information Service) and.technique of Net, in the Microsoft Visual Studio.the Net development terrace up carry out the dynamic state WebGIS application system.
This paper analysed the main character of WebGIS, discussed the realization way of WebGIS and associated infrastructure technology, compared and analysised several popular WebGIS development platform; Selected the ESRI's ArcGIS Server9.2 as the development platform, and detailed introduced its development, architecture and Tasks during the developing process to the platform, discussed the key technology that system had involved during the development. Finally, in accordance with the character and the actual demand of the basic geographic data public and distribution system, to design the system, and according to the case, combined the technical characteristics of ArcGIS Server, achieved a Web-based geographic data public and distribution system.
The innovation and technical difficulties of this paper covers the following aspects:
1. ESRI software development with the direction - server GIS technology; Comparation with several more popular WebGIS development platform, used the latest ESRI ArcGIS Server9.2 WebGIS development platform as the system development tool, and then constructed WebGIS application; which is more advantages to the WebGIS development product.
2. Internet-based spatial data distribution technology. In the past, most of users cope with the spatial data distribution through the desktop products, the system allows users to complete the data distribution on different machines via the Internet, enables users to access the necessary data convenient without any desktop products installation.
3. Construction of WebGIS application without programming. With the latest ArcGIS Server9.2 product concepts, in no programming circumstances, completed the fuction through the construction of Tasks, for example, the inquiration for the property, the distribution of feature set and feature classes spatial data, and analysis functions.
4. Let Geographic processing technology combine with the Geographic ModelBuilder technology well, and then used in the good system development, has greatly enriched their functional applications. Geoprocessing and ModelBuilder as the most important technology of ESRI desktop products have been expanded after the ArcGIS Server 9.2 prodution birth. WebGIS combinations of the two make the development more convenient; function can be achieved through the establishment of model.
5. Spatial metadata management. Users can access attributes、description and space, and other related information of spatial data. This process need to combine the XML data stroage management model, build the XSL style norms, import the spatial data through the ASP.NET controls.
引文
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