房地产开发企业社会责任及评价指标体系研究
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摘要
企业社会责任是上个世纪20年代,英国学者欧利文.谢尔顿到美国进行考察时,对美国在工业化过程中,企业追求经济利润的同时,所产生的环境污染、社会犯罪率上升等环境和社会问题而提出的。他指出,企业在追求经济利益的同时含有对行业内外各类人的道德责任。尽管当时仅限于道德层面,但从此以后有关企业社会责任问题的争论和各种理论不断涌现。企业社会责任的内容也随着社会发展而不断扩展,直至今日,企业社会责任的范围仍然在扩大。已经由当初的纯道德层面发展到法律、经济、伦理等层面上来。
文章主要从四个方面对于社会责任在房地产行业的推行进行了探讨。第一部分主要是探讨了企业社会责任问题的根源、定义、有关企业社会责任问题的争论、利益相关者问题、针对房地产行业的特殊性,重新界定了企业社会责任。
第二部分主要分析了房地产行业的特殊性、同相关行业的关系,对国家和人民的影响,从而进一步分析房地产开发企业履行社会责任的必要性、意义、以及房地产开发企业社会责任的主要内容。
第三部分主要是针对房地产行业社会责任履行情况制定了相应的评价指标体系,以便于对开发企业的履行水准进行评价。并就指标体系中指标的确立原则,指标的设定,并就各指标的权重问题进行了,并简要介绍了主要的确定方法——德尔菲法。
第四部分主要是针对目前我国房地产行业中的非社会责任行为的根源进行分析,发现这种非社会责任行为与我国房地产行业发展历史短、制度不健全、相关配套政策不能够及时跟上、以及对于开发企业社会责任的履行缺乏有效的监督、管理机制。从制度和企业生存环境层面上进行了分析。并就如何推动房地产开发企业积极履行社会责任进行了初步探讨。
在房地产行业推行社会责任理念对于我们当前建设以人为本的和谐社会是有重大意义的。
Corporate Social Responsibility was put forward in the last 1920s,by the British scholar _OLiven. Shelton, during an inspection tour to the United States, according to the phenomenon enterprises’pursuing economic profit without considering the environmental pollution, social problems such as rising crime rate at the same time in the process of industrialization. He pointed out that enterprises in the pursuit of economic interests of the industry also had moral responsibility for all kinds of people both inside and outside themselves. Although at that time it is limited to moral level, but From then on all kinds of debates and theories Corporate on Social Responsibility emerged. The contents of Corporate Social Responsibility continued expanded with social development .Until to today, the scope of Corporate Social Responsibility is still expanding. Has conversed from the original pure ethical dimension to the legal, economic, ethical dimensions……etc .
Corporate Social Responsibility has been brought into China since China joined the WTO ,becoming the "world factory" .In the international trade, as requested by Western countries import products manufacturing enterprises should be certified by Social Responsibility .The issue in China aroused widespread concerns. Almost all scholars studying on Social Responsibility, are generally limited to labor-intensive "factory-type" enterprises. As for other sectors of Social Responsibility issues, especially the real estate industry is almost vacant.
China's real estate industry started very late , basically can be said that it started in 1998 the housing system reforming. Although the industry’s development of history is not very long , in recent years China's real estate industry is the faster one in the economic development, has also gained a great result, thus greatly enhanced the Chinese people's living standard and quality of life, the real estate industry has become Pillar industry of the national economic development.
It is just because of the short history of China's real estate development,without relevant supporting policies, laws and regulations not keeping up with timely, The real estate enterprises resulted some short-term behaviors in the pursuit of development, the pursuit of economic interests, causing many social contradictions, and for a time as a breeding ground for government corruption. Therefore, concepts of Social Responsibility should be introduced into .he real estate industry urgently.
Through analysis’the history and the academic controversy of Corporate Social Responsibility, with the relatively mature stakeholder theory in corporate ethics, The paper defined the scope of Corporate Social Responsibility. Considering the real estate industry’s specialities ,the paper analysed the necessities and meanings the real estate corporations’fulfilling their social responsibilies and the contents of Social Responsibility. Constructed a evaluation index system about social responsibility for real estate companies to check their implementation of social responsibility. Finally on awareness of the existence of errors for analysis Corporate Social Responsibility in our society and on how to promote real estate development enterprises to better fulfill their social responsibilities, puting forward constructive suggestions and strategies.
文章主要从四个方面对于社会责任在房地产行业的推行进行了探讨。第一部分主要是探讨了企业社会责任问题的根源、定义、有关企业社会责任问题的争论、利益相关者问题、针对房地产行业的特殊性,重新界定了企业社会责任。
第二部分主要分析了房地产行业的特殊性、同相关行业的关系,对国家和人民的影响,从而进一步分析房地产开发企业履行社会责任的必要性、意义、以及房地产开发企业社会责任的主要内容。
第三部分主要是针对房地产行业社会责任履行情况制定了相应的评价指标体系,以便于对开发企业的履行水准进行评价。并就指标体系中指标的确立原则,指标的设定,并就各指标的权重问题进行了,并简要介绍了主要的确定方法——德尔菲法。
第四部分主要是针对目前我国房地产行业中的非社会责任行为的根源进行分析,发现这种非社会责任行为与我国房地产行业发展历史短、制度不健全、相关配套政策不能够及时跟上、以及对于开发企业社会责任的履行缺乏有效的监督、管理机制。从制度和企业生存环境层面上进行了分析。并就如何推动房地产开发企业积极履行社会责任进行了初步探讨。
在房地产行业推行社会责任理念对于我们当前建设以人为本的和谐社会是有重大意义的。
Corporate Social Responsibility was put forward in the last 1920s,by the British scholar _OLiven. Shelton, during an inspection tour to the United States, according to the phenomenon enterprises’pursuing economic profit without considering the environmental pollution, social problems such as rising crime rate at the same time in the process of industrialization. He pointed out that enterprises in the pursuit of economic interests of the industry also had moral responsibility for all kinds of people both inside and outside themselves. Although at that time it is limited to moral level, but From then on all kinds of debates and theories Corporate on Social Responsibility emerged. The contents of Corporate Social Responsibility continued expanded with social development .Until to today, the scope of Corporate Social Responsibility is still expanding. Has conversed from the original pure ethical dimension to the legal, economic, ethical dimensions……etc .
Corporate Social Responsibility has been brought into China since China joined the WTO ,becoming the "world factory" .In the international trade, as requested by Western countries import products manufacturing enterprises should be certified by Social Responsibility .The issue in China aroused widespread concerns. Almost all scholars studying on Social Responsibility, are generally limited to labor-intensive "factory-type" enterprises. As for other sectors of Social Responsibility issues, especially the real estate industry is almost vacant.
China's real estate industry started very late , basically can be said that it started in 1998 the housing system reforming. Although the industry’s development of history is not very long , in recent years China's real estate industry is the faster one in the economic development, has also gained a great result, thus greatly enhanced the Chinese people's living standard and quality of life, the real estate industry has become Pillar industry of the national economic development.
It is just because of the short history of China's real estate development,without relevant supporting policies, laws and regulations not keeping up with timely, The real estate enterprises resulted some short-term behaviors in the pursuit of development, the pursuit of economic interests, causing many social contradictions, and for a time as a breeding ground for government corruption. Therefore, concepts of Social Responsibility should be introduced into .he real estate industry urgently.
Through analysis’the history and the academic controversy of Corporate Social Responsibility, with the relatively mature stakeholder theory in corporate ethics, The paper defined the scope of Corporate Social Responsibility. Considering the real estate industry’s specialities ,the paper analysed the necessities and meanings the real estate corporations’fulfilling their social responsibilies and the contents of Social Responsibility. Constructed a evaluation index system about social responsibility for real estate companies to check their implementation of social responsibility. Finally on awareness of the existence of errors for analysis Corporate Social Responsibility in our society and on how to promote real estate development enterprises to better fulfill their social responsibilities, puting forward constructive suggestions and strategies.
引文
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[5]殷格非,于滞洪,崔生祥.企业社会责任行动指南[M]. .北京:企业管理出版社2006,3
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[7]刘俊海.公司的社会责任[M].北京:法律出版社,1999
[8]张维迎.正确解读利润与企业社会责任[N].第42版.经济观察报. 2007.08.20
[9]詹姆斯.E.波斯特【美】安妮.T.劳伦斯、詹姆斯.韦伯,企业与社会:公司战略、公共政策与伦理[M].第1版.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005年
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[17]崔怡.企业社会责任的八大认识误区[J].WTO经济导刊,2005(9)
[18]莱斯利.w.鲁劳埃德.L.拜厄斯等.刘松柏.管理学:技能与应用[M].第11版.北京:北京大学出版社,2005,1
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[20]林增杰,武永祥,吕萍.房地产经济学[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[21]龙奋杰,沈悦,刘洪玉,郑思齐,董黎明.住宅市场与城市经济互动机理研究综述与展望[J].城市问题,2006(1)
[22]李丽萍,郭宝华.城市化形成及演进机制的比较[J].改革,2006(3)
[23]张原,刘琳.住宅市场现状分析与预测[J].经济与管理研究,2006(6)
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