基于ARM9和WinCE的软件构件化研究与开发
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摘要
构件技术已经广泛应用于软件开发过程中,并且极大的提高了软件开发效率,但是在嵌入式领域,构件技术应用的还比较少。将构件技术应用于嵌入式系统中,对于嵌入式软件的开发具有重要的现实意义,采用构件技术可以提高模块的重用性,提高嵌入式软件开发的效率,降低开发难度和成本。
论文首先阐述了构件化软件设计技术,对可复用构件技术和构件化软件开发方法等方面的内容进行了深入研究。然后,分析了现有通用构件技术和嵌入式构件技术,并在此基础上,结合WinCE系统,研究了构件技术在WinCE系统中的应用。针对ARM9系统资源有限、可靠性与实时性要求高的特点,在总结了现有构件模型特点的基础上提出了一种适用于WinCE系统的嵌入式构件模型ECMW(Embedded Component Model for WinCE)。ECMW具有良好的定义标准,便于构件的开发与替换,使用户可以方便的采用符合ECMW标准的第三方构件,快速开发符合需求的嵌入式应用。
论文接着阐述了使用ECMW在ARM9与WinCE平台上进行构件化开发的方法及过程,对构件化开发整体框架做了分析,并对构件进行划分。分析了ECMW派生出的构件模板,研究其结构与组成元素,将构件模板贯穿于构件化开发的过程之中,指导并规范构件的开发与复用。根据系统整体框架与构件模板,设计实现操作系统构件,包括Bootloader构件与BSP构件,并定义WinCE系统移植与剪裁方法。对WinCE驱动模型进行改造以适应构件化开发,完成驱动构件的设计。本论文还对构件库做了深入研究,分析构件库的开发流程,实现了ECMW构件库的设计,为实验室建立了一个构件库,方便在此基础上进行基于ARM9与WinCE平台的嵌入式系统开发。
最后,本文给出了ECMW的一个应用案例。
构件模型是构件化开发的理论基础,可复用构件是构件化开发的物质保证,而构件库是软件复用的基础,也是基于构件的软件开发方法(CBSD)的基础,是进行基于构件的软件开发的有力保证。因此构件模型的设计、构件的实现与构件库的建立是以上工作中的几个关键点与难点,也是本文的研究重点。
本文所采用的基于构件的嵌入式软件开发提高了WinCE系统软件生成率、提高开发质量、缩短开发周期,对使用ARM9与WinCE进行嵌入式系统应用开发有很大理论意义和现实意义,对于其它平台的嵌入式软件开发也具有一定的参考价值。
Software component technology is widely used in the software development,and it makes the software development more efficient than ever.But the technology is seldom used in embedded software.Using component in embedded system has important practical significance to embedded software development.It can improve the module reusability,the efficiency of software development,and decrease the difficulty and costs of development.
At first, this paper introduces the technology of component-based software design and in-depth research the reusable component technology and component-based software development methods. And then, the paper analyzes the existing common component technology and embedded component technology, studies the software component technology in WinCE system. According to the high reliable and real-time features of WinCE system, this article gives an Embedded Component Model for WinCE (ECMW) after summing up the characteristics of the existing component model. ECMW has a good definition criterion, facilitates the development and replacement of components, and it’s useful in developing high quality embedded application with the third-party components of ECMW criterion.
Furthermore, the thesis expounds component-based development method and process on ARM9 and WinCE platform using the ECMW and studies the structure and composition of component template derived from ECMW to guide and regulate the development or component reuse. According to the framework of the system and template component, this text designs and implements the OS component and define the method of transplantation for WinCE.And then the treatise rebuilds WinCE driver model to meet the component-based development, completes the design of drive components. After finished component, the thesis research component library, analysis its development process and designs component library of ECMW for our lab.
Finally, this paper presents a case study of ECMW to test the feasibility of ECMW.
Component model is the theoretical foundation. Reusable component is the material guarantee, while the component library is the basis of software reuse and CBSD for the component-based development. Thereby the design of component model, implement of component and component library not only are the key points and difficulties, but also the focus of this article.
Component-based embedded software development increases the generation rate of WinCE system, improves the quality of software and shortens the development cycle. It has great practical and theoretical significance for application development on the ARM9 and WinCE, and also has certain reference for other platform of embedded software development.
论文首先阐述了构件化软件设计技术,对可复用构件技术和构件化软件开发方法等方面的内容进行了深入研究。然后,分析了现有通用构件技术和嵌入式构件技术,并在此基础上,结合WinCE系统,研究了构件技术在WinCE系统中的应用。针对ARM9系统资源有限、可靠性与实时性要求高的特点,在总结了现有构件模型特点的基础上提出了一种适用于WinCE系统的嵌入式构件模型ECMW(Embedded Component Model for WinCE)。ECMW具有良好的定义标准,便于构件的开发与替换,使用户可以方便的采用符合ECMW标准的第三方构件,快速开发符合需求的嵌入式应用。
论文接着阐述了使用ECMW在ARM9与WinCE平台上进行构件化开发的方法及过程,对构件化开发整体框架做了分析,并对构件进行划分。分析了ECMW派生出的构件模板,研究其结构与组成元素,将构件模板贯穿于构件化开发的过程之中,指导并规范构件的开发与复用。根据系统整体框架与构件模板,设计实现操作系统构件,包括Bootloader构件与BSP构件,并定义WinCE系统移植与剪裁方法。对WinCE驱动模型进行改造以适应构件化开发,完成驱动构件的设计。本论文还对构件库做了深入研究,分析构件库的开发流程,实现了ECMW构件库的设计,为实验室建立了一个构件库,方便在此基础上进行基于ARM9与WinCE平台的嵌入式系统开发。
最后,本文给出了ECMW的一个应用案例。
构件模型是构件化开发的理论基础,可复用构件是构件化开发的物质保证,而构件库是软件复用的基础,也是基于构件的软件开发方法(CBSD)的基础,是进行基于构件的软件开发的有力保证。因此构件模型的设计、构件的实现与构件库的建立是以上工作中的几个关键点与难点,也是本文的研究重点。
本文所采用的基于构件的嵌入式软件开发提高了WinCE系统软件生成率、提高开发质量、缩短开发周期,对使用ARM9与WinCE进行嵌入式系统应用开发有很大理论意义和现实意义,对于其它平台的嵌入式软件开发也具有一定的参考价值。
Software component technology is widely used in the software development,and it makes the software development more efficient than ever.But the technology is seldom used in embedded software.Using component in embedded system has important practical significance to embedded software development.It can improve the module reusability,the efficiency of software development,and decrease the difficulty and costs of development.
At first, this paper introduces the technology of component-based software design and in-depth research the reusable component technology and component-based software development methods. And then, the paper analyzes the existing common component technology and embedded component technology, studies the software component technology in WinCE system. According to the high reliable and real-time features of WinCE system, this article gives an Embedded Component Model for WinCE (ECMW) after summing up the characteristics of the existing component model. ECMW has a good definition criterion, facilitates the development and replacement of components, and it’s useful in developing high quality embedded application with the third-party components of ECMW criterion.
Furthermore, the thesis expounds component-based development method and process on ARM9 and WinCE platform using the ECMW and studies the structure and composition of component template derived from ECMW to guide and regulate the development or component reuse. According to the framework of the system and template component, this text designs and implements the OS component and define the method of transplantation for WinCE.And then the treatise rebuilds WinCE driver model to meet the component-based development, completes the design of drive components. After finished component, the thesis research component library, analysis its development process and designs component library of ECMW for our lab.
Finally, this paper presents a case study of ECMW to test the feasibility of ECMW.
Component model is the theoretical foundation. Reusable component is the material guarantee, while the component library is the basis of software reuse and CBSD for the component-based development. Thereby the design of component model, implement of component and component library not only are the key points and difficulties, but also the focus of this article.
Component-based embedded software development increases the generation rate of WinCE system, improves the quality of software and shortens the development cycle. It has great practical and theoretical significance for application development on the ARM9 and WinCE, and also has certain reference for other platform of embedded software development.
引文
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[2].胡国奋,欧阳树生.基于构件化的软件产品开发研究[J].控制工程,2008,15(1):75-77,81
[3].杨芙清,梅宏,李克勤.软件复用与软件构件技术[J].电子学报,1999,27(2):68-75
[4].王保进.在构件化嵌入式操作系统中应用抢占阈值调度[J].计算机工程与应用,2005,19:22-25, 43
[5].吴振兴.构件化——中国软件的必由之路[J].中国新技术新产品精选,2004,(2):24-25
[6]. Morel J M, Faget J. The REBOOT environment[C]. In: Proc 2nd International Workshop onSoftware Reuse(REUSE,93),Lucca,Italy,1993.80-88
[7]. NATO Communications and Information Systems Agency. NATO standard for developing reusable software components[S]. NAOT Contact Number CO-5957-ADA,1991
[8]. SATRS Technical Committee. Asset library open architecture framework version1.2[S].Technical Report SATRS-TC-04041/001/02,1992
[9].青鸟可复用软件开发指南:[青鸟工程项目组技术报告].北京大学计算机科学系,1997
[10].上海软件构件化服务中心.上海构件库[EB/OL]. http://www.sstc.org.cn/Default.aspx, 2008-12-19
[11]. P. Alexander, C. Kong. Heterogeneous modeling support for embedded systems design. Berlin:Springer Berlin / Heidelberg,2001,1–13
[12]. Muller.P.O,Stich.C,Zeidler.C. Components @ Work: Component Technology for Embedded Systems [C]. Euromicro Conference, 2001. Proceedings. 27th,2001:64-71
[13]. L. Fernando Friedrich, John Stankovic, etc. A survey of configurable, component-based operating systems for embedded applications[J]. IEEE Micro, 2001,21(3):54-68
[14].王志刚,王民北,骆雷飞.一个嵌入式软件构件的NFA量化度量模型[J].计算机工程,2001,32(13):66-69
[15]. U.Rastofer, F. Bellosa.Component-Based Software Engineering for Distributed Embedded Real-Time Systems[J]. Software, IEE Proceedings,2001,148(3):99-103
[16]. I-Ling Yen, Jayabharath Goluguri, Farokh Bastani, etc. A Component-based Approach for Embedded Software Development[C]. In Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing(ISORC.02),2002:1-8
[17]. Ulrich Hannemann, Jozef Hooman. Formal Design of Real-Time Components on a Shared Data Space Architectur[C].In Computer Software and Applications Conference,IEEE,2001:143-150
[18]. ZHU Li-xin, WANG Fei-yue. Component-based Constructing Approach for Application Specific Embedded Operating Systems[J]. Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2003(2):1338-1343
[19]. Sheikh I Ahamed and Sanjay Vallecha. Component-based Embedded Database for Mobile Embedded Systems[C]. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing(ITCC’04), 2004:534-538
[20].古幼鹏.嵌入式实时软件的构件化开发技术研究[D]:[博士论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2005
[21].邢芳,赵岳松,叶磊.构件技术的应用和研究[J].计算机与现代化,2005, 119 (7):113-11
[22].李朝辉,邓贵仕,途宇铎.一种构件化动态软件系统组态模型[J].计算机应用研究,2005,(6):20-22,55
[23].冯庆,桑楠,熊光泽.嵌入式应用中运行支撑框架的构件化技术研究[J].计算机科学,2005,32(3):152-155
[24].吴明晖,应昌,何志均.基于构件的框架式开发方法及其重用库系统[J].计算机工程与应用,2000,(9): 93-94,102
[25].上海市科学技术委员会.上海软件构件化发展研究报告[M],上海:复旦大学出版社,2005:1-4
[26].李克勤,陈兆良,梅宏等.领域工程概述[J].计算机科学,1999,26(5):21-25
[27].杨芙清,王千祥,梅宏等.基于重用的软件生产技术[J].中国科学(E辑),2001, 31(4):363-371
[28].吴扬.信息家电嵌入式软件构件化开发集成平台研究与实现[D]:[硕士论文].成都:电子科技大学,2007
[29].房红征,赵贵根,柳克俊.嵌入式组件模型研究[J].微计算机应用,2005,26(9):521-524
[30].架鑫颖,孙晓民.车用嵌入式开放系统的软构件研究[J].计算机应用研究,2006,57(4):57-59
[31]. David B. Stewart, Richard A. Volpe, Pradeep K. Khosla. Design of dynamically reconfigurable real-time software using port-based objects[J]. IEEE Trans. Software Eng.,1997,23(12):759-776
[32]. The ABB Group. Deliverable D6.2: PECOS Project presentation[EB/OL]. http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~scg/Archive/pecos/deliverables.html,2002.10
[33]. R. Ommering, F. Linden, J. Kramer. The Koala component model for consumer electronics software[J]. IEEE Computer, 2000,33 (3):78～85
[34]. D. Isovic, C. Norstrom. Components in real-time system. In Proc. RTCSA 2002,8th International Conference on Real Time Computing Systems and Applications,2002
[35]. (德)Colin Atkinson等著,顾剑等译.基于构件的产品线工程UML方法[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:27-31
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