ZPW-2000A中发送器和接收器的可靠性评估和可靠性试验设计
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摘要
铁路信号系统是保障铁路运输安全的重要基础设备。随着电子技术的发展,铁路信号产品越来越多地以集成电路为核心,其可靠性特性和对系统的影响发生了根本性的变化,因此使用可靠性工程理论对信号设备进行可靠性研究,是保障铁路运输的安全与效率的重要手段。
ZPW-2000A型轨道电路被广泛应用在自动闭塞系统中,已成为保证列车行车安全的重要铁路信号基础设备,而发送器和接收器是其中的核心电子设备。因此,采用可靠性工程理论来全面分析其可靠性,具有重要的研究价值和意义。
首先,采用相似产品法和元件计数法对发送器和接收器进行可靠性预计。
其次,完成了发送器和接收器的现场返修数据的收集,对发送器和接收器的常见故障模式进行了分类统计并使用“竞争故障模式”的方法分别进行了分析,提出了一些改进的建议。并通过几个步骤,使用了简单一段模型和混合威布尔分布对发送器和接收器的可靠性进行了分析
第三,从多个方面对发送器和接收器现行的高温老化试验方案进行讨论,并提出了改进的措施。根据发送器和接收器的老化试验数据和现场数据,使用“最大平均剩余寿命”的方法分析确定了一个较优的老化时间。
第四,针对发送器和接收器设计了加速寿命试验的试验方案,并以一个算例预先研究了试验结果的处理方法。
最后对全文的研究内容进行了总结,并指出了目前存在的一些问题和下一步的工作方向。
The Railway Signal System is an important equipment to ensure the security of the railway transportation. With the development of electronic technology, integrated circuit products have been the core of railway signal system, its reliability characteristics and the impact on the system have undergone fundamental changes. Therefore using reliability engineering theory to research the reliability of the signal equipment is important means to protect the safety and efficiency of rail transportation.
ZPW-2000A-type track circuit is widely used in automatic block system, and has become an important railway signal equipment to ensure the safety of the railway running, while the transmitter and receiver is the core of electronic equipment of ZPW-2000A. Therefore, using reliability engineering theory to comprehensively analyze the reliability has important research value and meaning.
First, this paper uses the method of "similar products" and "components counting" to predict the reliability of the transmitter and receiver.
Second, the field repair data of transmitter and receiver is collected. Then this paper counts the common failure modes, uses the method of CFM(competing failure modes) to analyze them, and gives some suggestions to improve them. And then it uses simple model and mixed weibull model to analyze the reliability of the transmitter and receiver.
Third, the existing high temperature burn-in pilot project for the transmitter and receiver is discussed from some aspects, and some improvement measures are proposed. According to the test data and field data of transmitter and receiver, the method of "maximum mean residual life" is used to determine an optimum burn-in time.
Fourth, the pilot project of accelerated life test for the transmitter and receiver has been designed, and an example is given to show the method of dealing with the test result.
Finally, this thesis summarizes the research content of the full text, and points out some existing problems and future work directions.
ZPW-2000A型轨道电路被广泛应用在自动闭塞系统中,已成为保证列车行车安全的重要铁路信号基础设备,而发送器和接收器是其中的核心电子设备。因此,采用可靠性工程理论来全面分析其可靠性,具有重要的研究价值和意义。
首先,采用相似产品法和元件计数法对发送器和接收器进行可靠性预计。
其次,完成了发送器和接收器的现场返修数据的收集,对发送器和接收器的常见故障模式进行了分类统计并使用“竞争故障模式”的方法分别进行了分析,提出了一些改进的建议。并通过几个步骤,使用了简单一段模型和混合威布尔分布对发送器和接收器的可靠性进行了分析
第三,从多个方面对发送器和接收器现行的高温老化试验方案进行讨论,并提出了改进的措施。根据发送器和接收器的老化试验数据和现场数据,使用“最大平均剩余寿命”的方法分析确定了一个较优的老化时间。
第四,针对发送器和接收器设计了加速寿命试验的试验方案,并以一个算例预先研究了试验结果的处理方法。
最后对全文的研究内容进行了总结,并指出了目前存在的一些问题和下一步的工作方向。
The Railway Signal System is an important equipment to ensure the security of the railway transportation. With the development of electronic technology, integrated circuit products have been the core of railway signal system, its reliability characteristics and the impact on the system have undergone fundamental changes. Therefore using reliability engineering theory to research the reliability of the signal equipment is important means to protect the safety and efficiency of rail transportation.
ZPW-2000A-type track circuit is widely used in automatic block system, and has become an important railway signal equipment to ensure the safety of the railway running, while the transmitter and receiver is the core of electronic equipment of ZPW-2000A. Therefore, using reliability engineering theory to comprehensively analyze the reliability has important research value and meaning.
First, this paper uses the method of "similar products" and "components counting" to predict the reliability of the transmitter and receiver.
Second, the field repair data of transmitter and receiver is collected. Then this paper counts the common failure modes, uses the method of CFM(competing failure modes) to analyze them, and gives some suggestions to improve them. And then it uses simple model and mixed weibull model to analyze the reliability of the transmitter and receiver.
Third, the existing high temperature burn-in pilot project for the transmitter and receiver is discussed from some aspects, and some improvement measures are proposed. According to the test data and field data of transmitter and receiver, the method of "maximum mean residual life" is used to determine an optimum burn-in time.
Fourth, the pilot project of accelerated life test for the transmitter and receiver has been designed, and an example is given to show the method of dealing with the test result.
Finally, this thesis summarizes the research content of the full text, and points out some existing problems and future work directions.
引文
[1]金星,洪延姬.系统可靠性与可用性分析方法[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2007.2
[2]温熙森,陈循,张春华,陶俊勇.可靠性强化试验理论与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2007.8
[3]ReliaSoft Corporation,Introduction to Life Data Analysis[M],2007
[4]ReliaSoft Corporation Quantitative Accelerate Life Test[M],2007
[5]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论(修订版)[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005.12
[6]何国伟.可靠性试验技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2005.3
[7]刘明治.可靠性试验[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2004.8
[8]金星,洪延姬.可靠性数据计算及应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社2003.4
[9]高社生,张玲霞.可靠性理论与工程应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2002.7
[10]蒋仁言,可靠性模型与应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1999
[11]峁诗松,王玲玲.加速寿命试验[M].北京：科学出版社,1997.3
[12]符萌,郭进,王小敏.铁路信号设备可靠性研究[J].中国铁路,2009.12
[13]Ravi Chandran, K.S,Cashman, G.T,Competing failure modes and complex S-N curves in fatigue of structural materials[J],International Journal of Fatigue, v32, n3, March 2009
[14]马宁.极限之舞——航空航天与军工可靠性发展巡礼[J].产品可靠性报告,2009.7
[15]贺春禄.为铁路可靠性把脉——中国铁路可靠性探秘[J].产品可靠性报告,2009.7
[16]王灵芝,徐宇工,张家栋.铁路设备关键零部件的可靠性分析模型及其应用研究[J].铁道学报,2008.30(4)
[17]李超,尹霞,陈琨.可靠性强化试验技术现状及展望[J].质量与可靠性,2006.2
[18]王素倩.ZPW-2000A型无绝缘移频自动闭塞系统可靠性分析[J].科技信息,2006
[19]Ji Hwan Cha,An Extended Model for Optimal Burn-In Procedures[J], IEEE Transactions on Reliability, VOL.55, NO.2, JUNE 2006
[20]Lee, Y.B,Kim, H.E.Yoo, Y.C.Accelerated life test model for life prediction of piston assemblies in hydraulic pump and motor[J],Key Engineering Materials, v326-328, p649-652,2006
[21]陈永刚,王晓明,林俊亭,肖蒙.ZPW-2000A移频自动闭塞设备可靠性分析[J].兰州交通大学学报,2005.24(1)
[22]曾利伟,吕川.可靠性预计方法及思考[J].电子质量,2005.9
[23]周源泉.可靠性工程的若干方向[J].强度与环境,2005.9
[24]燕飞,唐涛.轨道交通信号系统安全技术的发展和研究现状[J].中国安全科学学报,2005.6
[25]Ji Hwan Cha,On Optimal Burn-In Procedures—A Generalized Model[J],IEEE Transactions on Reliability, VOL.54, NO.2, JUNE 2005
[26]Kyungmee O. Kim and Way Kuo, Some Considerations on System Burn-in[J],IEEE Transactions on Reliability,VOL.54, NO.2, JUNE 2005
[27]严云升.铁道机车车辆电子产品的RAMS[J].机车电传动,2003.6：
[28]陈循,朱文献,陶俊勇.可靠性强化试验应力剖面的研究[J].电子产品可靠性与环境试验,2003.1
[29]楮卫华,陈循,陶俊勇.高加速寿命试验(HALT)与高加速应力筛选(HASS) [J].强度与环境,2002.29(4)
[30]董锡明.近代铁路可靠性与安全性的几个问题[J].中国铁道科学,2000.21(1)
[31]姜同敏.可靠性强化试验[J].产品可靠性,2000.1
[32]王华胜.基于加权最小二乘法的机车车辆零部件可靠性分析[J].铁道学报,2001.23(6)
[33]侯郁.国内外可靠性工程发展概况[J].质量可靠性,1996.6
[34]王毅,张志文,王少华.机车可靠性指标体系及可靠性评估[J].铁道学报,1996.4
[35]Klein, A,Melard,G,Computation of the fisher information matrix for time series models[J],Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, v64, n1-2, Nov 1995
[36]Guangbin Yang,Optimum constant-stress accelerated life-test plans [J],IEEE Transactions on Reliability, v43, n4, p575-581, Dec1994
[37]梁之洲.铁路信号产品的可靠性问题[J].产品可靠性,1993
[38]Weibull, Wallodi, A Statistical Distribution Function of Wide Applicability[J], Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol18,1951.
[39]铁道科技司.ZPW-2000系列无绝缘轨道电路技术条件[S],2003：1-2
[40]赵自信,薛文丽,安海君,付军,徐宗奇.ZPW-2000A培训教材.北京：铁道部运输局,2003.
[41]北京全路通信信号研究设计院,北京铁路信号工厂.ZPW-2000A型无绝缘移频自动闭塞系统设计的RAMS分析报告,2002
[42]GJB/Z 299C-2003:电子设备可靠性预计手册[S].北京：国防科工委,2003.
[43]GJB/Z 34-93:电子产品定量环境应力筛选指南[S].北京：国防科工委,1993
[44]GJB1030-90：电子产品环境应力筛选办法[S].北京：国防科工委,1991
[45]GJB813-90：可靠性模型的建立和可靠性预计[S].北京：国防科工委,1990
[46]EN 50126. Railway Applications:The specification and demonstration of Reliability, Availablity, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) [S], CENELEC,1999.
[47]TB／T 3133-2006：铁道机车车辆电子产品的可靠性、可用性、可维修行和安全性(RAMS) [S].铁道部,2006
[48]TB／T 2468-93：铁路信号产品可靠性要求评定方法[S].铁道部,1993
[49]杨洋.计轴检测盒的可靠性研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文2008
[50]曹亮.微机联锁系统可靠性研究[D]..西南交通大学硕士论文2007
[51]方亚.机械产品可靠性评估方法研究[D].西北工业大学硕士论文2007
[52]吴超.地铁综合监控系统可靠性评估方法研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2006
[53]丰碧云.铁路提速货车摆式转向架系统可靠性研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文.2006
[54]乔大雁.微机继电保护硬件可靠性评估和筛选试验的研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文.2006
[55]徐敏.UM71型无绝缘轨道电路可靠性的研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文.1999
[56](日)额田启三.机械可靠性与故障分析[M].王茂庆(译).北京：国防工业出版社,2006.4
[57](日)久保阳一,吉田弘之.可靠性试验——概论、部件[M].高金钟(译).北京：机械工业出版社,1987
[2]温熙森,陈循,张春华,陶俊勇.可靠性强化试验理论与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2007.8
[3]ReliaSoft Corporation,Introduction to Life Data Analysis[M],2007
[4]ReliaSoft Corporation Quantitative Accelerate Life Test[M],2007
[5]曹晋华,程侃.可靠性数学引论(修订版)[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2005.12
[6]何国伟.可靠性试验技术[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2005.3
[7]刘明治.可靠性试验[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2004.8
[8]金星,洪延姬.可靠性数据计算及应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社2003.4
[9]高社生,张玲霞.可靠性理论与工程应用[M].北京：国防工业出版社,2002.7
[10]蒋仁言,可靠性模型与应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1999
[11]峁诗松,王玲玲.加速寿命试验[M].北京：科学出版社,1997.3
[12]符萌,郭进,王小敏.铁路信号设备可靠性研究[J].中国铁路,2009.12
[13]Ravi Chandran, K.S,Cashman, G.T,Competing failure modes and complex S-N curves in fatigue of structural materials[J],International Journal of Fatigue, v32, n3, March 2009
[14]马宁.极限之舞——航空航天与军工可靠性发展巡礼[J].产品可靠性报告,2009.7
[15]贺春禄.为铁路可靠性把脉——中国铁路可靠性探秘[J].产品可靠性报告,2009.7
[16]王灵芝,徐宇工,张家栋.铁路设备关键零部件的可靠性分析模型及其应用研究[J].铁道学报,2008.30(4)
[17]李超,尹霞,陈琨.可靠性强化试验技术现状及展望[J].质量与可靠性,2006.2
[18]王素倩.ZPW-2000A型无绝缘移频自动闭塞系统可靠性分析[J].科技信息,2006
[19]Ji Hwan Cha,An Extended Model for Optimal Burn-In Procedures[J], IEEE Transactions on Reliability, VOL.55, NO.2, JUNE 2006
[20]Lee, Y.B,Kim, H.E.Yoo, Y.C.Accelerated life test model for life prediction of piston assemblies in hydraulic pump and motor[J],Key Engineering Materials, v326-328, p649-652,2006
[21]陈永刚,王晓明,林俊亭,肖蒙.ZPW-2000A移频自动闭塞设备可靠性分析[J].兰州交通大学学报,2005.24(1)
[22]曾利伟,吕川.可靠性预计方法及思考[J].电子质量,2005.9
[23]周源泉.可靠性工程的若干方向[J].强度与环境,2005.9
[24]燕飞,唐涛.轨道交通信号系统安全技术的发展和研究现状[J].中国安全科学学报,2005.6
[25]Ji Hwan Cha,On Optimal Burn-In Procedures—A Generalized Model[J],IEEE Transactions on Reliability, VOL.54, NO.2, JUNE 2005
[26]Kyungmee O. Kim and Way Kuo, Some Considerations on System Burn-in[J],IEEE Transactions on Reliability,VOL.54, NO.2, JUNE 2005
[27]严云升.铁道机车车辆电子产品的RAMS[J].机车电传动,2003.6：
[28]陈循,朱文献,陶俊勇.可靠性强化试验应力剖面的研究[J].电子产品可靠性与环境试验,2003.1
[29]楮卫华,陈循,陶俊勇.高加速寿命试验(HALT)与高加速应力筛选(HASS) [J].强度与环境,2002.29(4)
[30]董锡明.近代铁路可靠性与安全性的几个问题[J].中国铁道科学,2000.21(1)
[31]姜同敏.可靠性强化试验[J].产品可靠性,2000.1
[32]王华胜.基于加权最小二乘法的机车车辆零部件可靠性分析[J].铁道学报,2001.23(6)
[33]侯郁.国内外可靠性工程发展概况[J].质量可靠性,1996.6
[34]王毅,张志文,王少华.机车可靠性指标体系及可靠性评估[J].铁道学报,1996.4
[35]Klein, A,Melard,G,Computation of the fisher information matrix for time series models[J],Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, v64, n1-2, Nov 1995
[36]Guangbin Yang,Optimum constant-stress accelerated life-test plans [J],IEEE Transactions on Reliability, v43, n4, p575-581, Dec1994
[37]梁之洲.铁路信号产品的可靠性问题[J].产品可靠性,1993
[38]Weibull, Wallodi, A Statistical Distribution Function of Wide Applicability[J], Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol18,1951.
[39]铁道科技司.ZPW-2000系列无绝缘轨道电路技术条件[S],2003：1-2
[40]赵自信,薛文丽,安海君,付军,徐宗奇.ZPW-2000A培训教材.北京：铁道部运输局,2003.
[41]北京全路通信信号研究设计院,北京铁路信号工厂.ZPW-2000A型无绝缘移频自动闭塞系统设计的RAMS分析报告,2002
[42]GJB/Z 299C-2003:电子设备可靠性预计手册[S].北京：国防科工委,2003.
[43]GJB/Z 34-93:电子产品定量环境应力筛选指南[S].北京：国防科工委,1993
[44]GJB1030-90：电子产品环境应力筛选办法[S].北京：国防科工委,1991
[45]GJB813-90：可靠性模型的建立和可靠性预计[S].北京：国防科工委,1990
[46]EN 50126. Railway Applications:The specification and demonstration of Reliability, Availablity, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) [S], CENELEC,1999.
[47]TB／T 3133-2006：铁道机车车辆电子产品的可靠性、可用性、可维修行和安全性(RAMS) [S].铁道部,2006
[48]TB／T 2468-93：铁路信号产品可靠性要求评定方法[S].铁道部,1993
[49]杨洋.计轴检测盒的可靠性研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文2008
[50]曹亮.微机联锁系统可靠性研究[D]..西南交通大学硕士论文2007
[51]方亚.机械产品可靠性评估方法研究[D].西北工业大学硕士论文2007
[52]吴超.地铁综合监控系统可靠性评估方法研究[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2006
[53]丰碧云.铁路提速货车摆式转向架系统可靠性研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文.2006
[54]乔大雁.微机继电保护硬件可靠性评估和筛选试验的研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文.2006
[55]徐敏.UM71型无绝缘轨道电路可靠性的研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文.1999
[56](日)额田启三.机械可靠性与故障分析[M].王茂庆(译).北京：国防工业出版社,2006.4
[57](日)久保阳一,吉田弘之.可靠性试验——概论、部件[M].高金钟(译).北京：机械工业出版社,1987