降噪排水多孔水泥混凝土材料性能及路面结构设计研究
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摘要
随着我国交通事业的迅猛发展,公路网络化建设日趋完善,国民经济及地区经济迅速增长。与此同时,交通噪音与行车安全等问题也日趋严重。多孔水泥混凝土材料凭借其独特的骨架空隙结构,具有良好的降噪和排水性能。因此,对多孔水泥混凝土路面材料及其结构的研究具有一定的理论和实际意义。
本文从传统混凝土路面存在的弊端入手,分析国内外多孔水泥混凝土路面的研究与应用现状,总结已有的研究成果及存在不足,提出多孔水泥混凝土材料应用于路面面层所存在的问题。针对多孔水泥混凝土路面原材料技术性质和试验方法展开研究,提出上振式室内成型工艺。分析了多孔水泥混凝土配合比设计指标强度和空隙率,提出多孔水泥混凝土配合比设计参数、设计原则和步骤。对多孔水泥混凝土的力学性能、吸声性能、干缩性能、渗透性能及其影响因素进行了一系列分析,为多孔水泥混凝土路面的设计中的参数取值提供了依据。通过对路面承载能力及功能性的分析,提出采用复合式多孔水泥混凝土路面结构形式。从路面所应满足的力学要求及排水、降噪要求出发,提出了完整的多孔水泥混凝土路面结构设计方法。最后,通过对多孔水泥混凝土路面的施工工艺进行研究,提出采用“湿接”工艺,并确定最佳的湿接时间。
With the rapid development of transportation and the more and more maturing of the road network construction, the national and region economic grow rapidly. Meanwhile, the problems such as traffic noise and traffic safety effect are becoming increasingly serious. With unique skeleton-gap structure, the porous cement concrete material has good noise reduction and drainage performances. Therefore, the research on porous cement concrete paving materials has great theoretical and practical significance.
Considering the drawbacks of conventional concrete pavement, in this paper, the research and current application of porous cement concrete was analyzed. Then, a series of specific issues during the application of porous concrete cement was summarized. According to the technical properties and the test methods of the raw materials of the pervious cement concrete, a kind of vibration-type interior molding process was proposed. The design indexes for the porous cement concrete mix design such as strength and porosity was analyzed separately and the cement concrete mix design parameters, design principles and procedures were proposed. The mechanical property, dry-shrinkage property, sound absorption performance, permeability properties and their influences were analyzed which will lay a basis to the design of porous cement concrete pavement. On the analysis of pavement bearing ability and the project cost, composite porous structure of cement concrete pavement was chose. From the point of mechanical requirements and functional requirements that pavement should meet, the complete structure of the porous cement concrete pavement design method was proposed. Finally, with the study of construction technology of the porous cement concrete pavement, a kind of "wet connection" construction process was proposed and the most proper construction time was determined.
本文从传统混凝土路面存在的弊端入手,分析国内外多孔水泥混凝土路面的研究与应用现状,总结已有的研究成果及存在不足,提出多孔水泥混凝土材料应用于路面面层所存在的问题。针对多孔水泥混凝土路面原材料技术性质和试验方法展开研究,提出上振式室内成型工艺。分析了多孔水泥混凝土配合比设计指标强度和空隙率,提出多孔水泥混凝土配合比设计参数、设计原则和步骤。对多孔水泥混凝土的力学性能、吸声性能、干缩性能、渗透性能及其影响因素进行了一系列分析,为多孔水泥混凝土路面的设计中的参数取值提供了依据。通过对路面承载能力及功能性的分析,提出采用复合式多孔水泥混凝土路面结构形式。从路面所应满足的力学要求及排水、降噪要求出发,提出了完整的多孔水泥混凝土路面结构设计方法。最后,通过对多孔水泥混凝土路面的施工工艺进行研究,提出采用“湿接”工艺,并确定最佳的湿接时间。
With the rapid development of transportation and the more and more maturing of the road network construction, the national and region economic grow rapidly. Meanwhile, the problems such as traffic noise and traffic safety effect are becoming increasingly serious. With unique skeleton-gap structure, the porous cement concrete material has good noise reduction and drainage performances. Therefore, the research on porous cement concrete paving materials has great theoretical and practical significance.
Considering the drawbacks of conventional concrete pavement, in this paper, the research and current application of porous cement concrete was analyzed. Then, a series of specific issues during the application of porous concrete cement was summarized. According to the technical properties and the test methods of the raw materials of the pervious cement concrete, a kind of vibration-type interior molding process was proposed. The design indexes for the porous cement concrete mix design such as strength and porosity was analyzed separately and the cement concrete mix design parameters, design principles and procedures were proposed. The mechanical property, dry-shrinkage property, sound absorption performance, permeability properties and their influences were analyzed which will lay a basis to the design of porous cement concrete pavement. On the analysis of pavement bearing ability and the project cost, composite porous structure of cement concrete pavement was chose. From the point of mechanical requirements and functional requirements that pavement should meet, the complete structure of the porous cement concrete pavement design method was proposed. Finally, with the study of construction technology of the porous cement concrete pavement, a kind of "wet connection" construction process was proposed and the most proper construction time was determined.
引文
[1]Pratt C J.Use of permeable,reservoir pavement constructions for storm water reatment and storage for re-use[J].Water Science and Techology,1999, Vol.39 NO.5:145-151
[2]戴天兴.城市环境生态学[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2002.224—2305
[3]杨静.建筑材料与人居环境[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001.224—22
[4]Tetsuo KOBAYASHI,Mamoru KAGATA,Takayoshi KODAMA.Development of the environmentfrienly hybrid permeable concrete pavement[J].Ttansactions of the Japan concreteinstitute,2002,Vol.23:65-76
[5]王波,李成.透水性铺装与城市生态及物理环境[J].工业建筑,2002(12)：29-32
[6]道路透水性路面[J].国外公路,1995,V01.15.No.1：44-46
[14]黑田智,郡司保雄,高烟浩二：耐摩耗性を考虑した排水性铺装の配合に阴する一考察,土木学会第56回年次学衍講演会,2001
[15]透水性コニクリート铺装—特许PERMEACON.佐藤道路株式会社.12-13
[16]Jason B. Phillips. PERVIOUS CONCRETE PASTE COMPOSITION[D]. Tennessee Technological University.2009
[17]Luis Alexander Mata. Sedimentation of Pervious Concrete Pavement Systems[D]. North Carolina State University.2008
[18]Carson B. DeMille. FREEZE-THAW DURABILITY OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE[D]. Brigham Young University.2008
[19]Asaeda, T., and V. T. Ca. Characteristics of permeable pavement during hot summer weather and impact on the thermal environment. Building and Environment,35, 2000, pp.363-375.
[20]Haselbach, L., and A. Gaither. Preliminary Field Testing:Urban Heat Island Impacts and Pervious Concrete. Proceedings NRMCA 2008 Concrete Technology Forum:Focus on Sustainable Development, Denver, CO, May 20-22,2008 (CD-ROM).
[21]杨和平译.无细集料混凝土路面应用的进展[J].国外公路,1997,Vol.17.No.2：17-20
[22]Kevern, J.T., Schaefer, V.R., and Wang, K. "Temperature Behavior of a Pervious Concrete System," National Transportation Research Board (TRB) Transportation Research Record 2009a edition, (accepted, publication info pending)
[23]Kevern, J.T., Wang, K., and Schaefer, V.R. "Test Methods for Characterizing Air Void Systems in Portland Cement Pervious Concrete," Recent Advancements in Concrete Freezing and Thawing (FT) Durability a Journal of ASTM International special issue,2009b. (under review)
[24]1. Schaefer, V. R.; Wang, K.; Suleiman, M. T.; and Kevern, J. T., "Mix Design Development for Pervious Concrete in Cold Weather Climates,"Final Report, Report 2006-1, National Concrete Pavement Technology Center, Feb.2006,67 pp
[25]Montes, F., and Haselbach, L., "Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity on Pervious Concrete," Environmental Engineering Science, V.23, No.6,2006, pp.960-969
[26]Neithalath, N.; Weiss, J.; and Olek, J., "Characterizing Enhanced Porosity Concrete Using Electrical Impedance to Predict Acoustic and Hydraulic Performance," Cement and Concrete Research, V.36, No.11,2006, pp.2074-2085.
[27]Bentz, D. P., and Martys, N. S., "A Stokes Permeability Solver for Three-Dimensional Porous Media," NISTIR 7416, U.S. Department of Commerce,2007,110 pp.
[28]Schwartz, L. M.; Martys, N.; Bentz, D. P.; Garboczi, E. J.; and Torquato, S., "Cross Property Relations and Permeability Estimation in Model Porous Media," Physical Review E, V.48, No.6,1993, pp.4584-4591.
[29]Bentz, D. P., and Martys, N. S., "Hydraulic Radius and Transport in Reconstructed Model Three-Dimensional Porous Media," Transport in Porous Media, V.17, No.3,1994, pp. 221-238.
[30]Haselbach, L. M., and Freeman, R. M., "Vertical Porosity Distributions in Pervious Concrete Pavement," ACI Materials Journal, V.103, No.6, Nov.-Dec.2006, pp.452-458.
[31]陈瑜.公路隧道高性能多孔水泥混凝土路面研究.[D].[博士学位论文]中南大学,2007.5
[32]荆禄波.低噪音多孔水混凝土路面研究.[D].[硕士学位论文]北京交通大学,2009.6
[33]陶卓辉.多孔水泥混凝土路面材料设计及性能研究.[D].[硕士学位论文].东南大学,2006
[34]田波.牛开民.张维军等.多孔贫混凝土排水基层材料室内成型方法的研究[J].公路.2006(1)：150-154
[35]傅智编译.美国运输部联邦公路局.路面排水系统实用手册.美国运输部联邦公路局,1992
[36]杜功焕,朱哲民,龚秀芬.声学基础(第2版)[M].南京：南京大学出版社,2001
[37]申爱琴.水泥与水泥混凝土[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.4
[38]盛艳萍.免振捣多孔水泥混凝土性能及其配合比设计方法研究[D].[博士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2006
[39]刘秉京编著.混凝土技术.北京：人民交通出版社,1998.7.7
[40]杨静,蒋国梁.透水性混凝土路面材料强度的研究[J].混凝土,2000,Vol.132.No.10：27-30
[41]薛航.掺硅粉混凝土路用性能研究[J].混凝土,2006,第9期：41-44
[42]蒋应军,陈忠达,梁峰.硅粉对混凝土路用性能的影响[J].公路,2004,第12期：174-177
[43]姜德民.硅灰对高性能混凝土强度的作用机理研究[J].建筑技术开发,2001,28(4)：44-46
[44]刘益辉,孙保奎.减噪路面的降噪机理及其结构[J].交通环保,2005(3)：53-56
[45]刘光尧.渗透系数概念发展的回顾.工程勘查,1997(2)：34-38
[46]Alberto Consuegra, DallasN.Little, etc., Comparative evaluation of laboratory compaction devices based on the irability to Produce mixtures with engineering properties similar to those produced in the field, Transportation Research Record 1228.
[47]郑木莲..多孔混凝土排水基层研究[D].[博士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2004
[48][日]三木五三郎主编,陈世杰译.日本土工试验法.北京：中国铁道出版社,1985
[49]张鹏飞.路面内部排水系统的设计与研究.同济大学博士学位论文1999.9
[50]吉青克.大孔隙材料室内渗透系数的测定.公路交通科技,2002,19(2)：31-34
[51]王月莲,宋新民.按流动单元建立测井储集层解释模型[J].石油勘探与开发,V01：29
[52]Runoff Control in Porous Pavements. Vittorio Ranieri. Department of Highways and Transportation. Polytech-nic University of Bari, Via Re David n.200,70125-Bari,Italy.2001.
[53]A. H. Sang, R. Villaverde, Structural engineering in natural hazards mitigation 1993, 1722 pp.,2 vols
[2]戴天兴.城市环境生态学[M].北京：中国建材工业出版社,2002.224—2305
[3]杨静.建筑材料与人居环境[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2001.224—22
[4]Tetsuo KOBAYASHI,Mamoru KAGATA,Takayoshi KODAMA.Development of the environmentfrienly hybrid permeable concrete pavement[J].Ttansactions of the Japan concreteinstitute,2002,Vol.23:65-76
[5]王波,李成.透水性铺装与城市生态及物理环境[J].工业建筑,2002(12)：29-32
[6]道路透水性路面[J].国外公路,1995,V01.15.No.1：44-46
[14]黑田智,郡司保雄,高烟浩二：耐摩耗性を考虑した排水性铺装の配合に阴する一考察,土木学会第56回年次学衍講演会,2001
[15]透水性コニクリート铺装—特许PERMEACON.佐藤道路株式会社.12-13
[16]Jason B. Phillips. PERVIOUS CONCRETE PASTE COMPOSITION[D]. Tennessee Technological University.2009
[17]Luis Alexander Mata. Sedimentation of Pervious Concrete Pavement Systems[D]. North Carolina State University.2008
[18]Carson B. DeMille. FREEZE-THAW DURABILITY OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE[D]. Brigham Young University.2008
[19]Asaeda, T., and V. T. Ca. Characteristics of permeable pavement during hot summer weather and impact on the thermal environment. Building and Environment,35, 2000, pp.363-375.
[20]Haselbach, L., and A. Gaither. Preliminary Field Testing:Urban Heat Island Impacts and Pervious Concrete. Proceedings NRMCA 2008 Concrete Technology Forum:Focus on Sustainable Development, Denver, CO, May 20-22,2008 (CD-ROM).
[21]杨和平译.无细集料混凝土路面应用的进展[J].国外公路,1997,Vol.17.No.2：17-20
[22]Kevern, J.T., Schaefer, V.R., and Wang, K. "Temperature Behavior of a Pervious Concrete System," National Transportation Research Board (TRB) Transportation Research Record 2009a edition, (accepted, publication info pending)
[23]Kevern, J.T., Wang, K., and Schaefer, V.R. "Test Methods for Characterizing Air Void Systems in Portland Cement Pervious Concrete," Recent Advancements in Concrete Freezing and Thawing (FT) Durability a Journal of ASTM International special issue,2009b. (under review)
[24]1. Schaefer, V. R.; Wang, K.; Suleiman, M. T.; and Kevern, J. T., "Mix Design Development for Pervious Concrete in Cold Weather Climates,"Final Report, Report 2006-1, National Concrete Pavement Technology Center, Feb.2006,67 pp
[25]Montes, F., and Haselbach, L., "Measuring Hydraulic Conductivity on Pervious Concrete," Environmental Engineering Science, V.23, No.6,2006, pp.960-969
[26]Neithalath, N.; Weiss, J.; and Olek, J., "Characterizing Enhanced Porosity Concrete Using Electrical Impedance to Predict Acoustic and Hydraulic Performance," Cement and Concrete Research, V.36, No.11,2006, pp.2074-2085.
[27]Bentz, D. P., and Martys, N. S., "A Stokes Permeability Solver for Three-Dimensional Porous Media," NISTIR 7416, U.S. Department of Commerce,2007,110 pp.
[28]Schwartz, L. M.; Martys, N.; Bentz, D. P.; Garboczi, E. J.; and Torquato, S., "Cross Property Relations and Permeability Estimation in Model Porous Media," Physical Review E, V.48, No.6,1993, pp.4584-4591.
[29]Bentz, D. P., and Martys, N. S., "Hydraulic Radius and Transport in Reconstructed Model Three-Dimensional Porous Media," Transport in Porous Media, V.17, No.3,1994, pp. 221-238.
[30]Haselbach, L. M., and Freeman, R. M., "Vertical Porosity Distributions in Pervious Concrete Pavement," ACI Materials Journal, V.103, No.6, Nov.-Dec.2006, pp.452-458.
[31]陈瑜.公路隧道高性能多孔水泥混凝土路面研究.[D].[博士学位论文]中南大学,2007.5
[32]荆禄波.低噪音多孔水混凝土路面研究.[D].[硕士学位论文]北京交通大学,2009.6
[33]陶卓辉.多孔水泥混凝土路面材料设计及性能研究.[D].[硕士学位论文].东南大学,2006
[34]田波.牛开民.张维军等.多孔贫混凝土排水基层材料室内成型方法的研究[J].公路.2006(1)：150-154
[35]傅智编译.美国运输部联邦公路局.路面排水系统实用手册.美国运输部联邦公路局,1992
[36]杜功焕,朱哲民,龚秀芬.声学基础(第2版)[M].南京：南京大学出版社,2001
[37]申爱琴.水泥与水泥混凝土[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.4
[38]盛艳萍.免振捣多孔水泥混凝土性能及其配合比设计方法研究[D].[博士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2006
[39]刘秉京编著.混凝土技术.北京：人民交通出版社,1998.7.7
[40]杨静,蒋国梁.透水性混凝土路面材料强度的研究[J].混凝土,2000,Vol.132.No.10：27-30
[41]薛航.掺硅粉混凝土路用性能研究[J].混凝土,2006,第9期：41-44
[42]蒋应军,陈忠达,梁峰.硅粉对混凝土路用性能的影响[J].公路,2004,第12期：174-177
[43]姜德民.硅灰对高性能混凝土强度的作用机理研究[J].建筑技术开发,2001,28(4)：44-46
[44]刘益辉,孙保奎.减噪路面的降噪机理及其结构[J].交通环保,2005(3)：53-56
[45]刘光尧.渗透系数概念发展的回顾.工程勘查,1997(2)：34-38
[46]Alberto Consuegra, DallasN.Little, etc., Comparative evaluation of laboratory compaction devices based on the irability to Produce mixtures with engineering properties similar to those produced in the field, Transportation Research Record 1228.
[47]郑木莲..多孔混凝土排水基层研究[D].[博士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2004
[48][日]三木五三郎主编,陈世杰译.日本土工试验法.北京：中国铁道出版社,1985
[49]张鹏飞.路面内部排水系统的设计与研究.同济大学博士学位论文1999.9
[50]吉青克.大孔隙材料室内渗透系数的测定.公路交通科技,2002,19(2)：31-34
[51]王月莲,宋新民.按流动单元建立测井储集层解释模型[J].石油勘探与开发,V01：29
[52]Runoff Control in Porous Pavements. Vittorio Ranieri. Department of Highways and Transportation. Polytech-nic University of Bari, Via Re David n.200,70125-Bari,Italy.2001.
[53]A. H. Sang, R. Villaverde, Structural engineering in natural hazards mitigation 1993, 1722 pp.,2 vols