水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理饱和黄土地基试验研究
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摘要
随着地基处理技术的不断完善,在公路、铁路中形成了多种形式的饱和黄土地基处理方法。本文从经济、适用的角度出发,对水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理饱和黄土地基的可行性进行了研究。
以黄龙至渭南联络线的蒲城-渭南段高速公路的饱和黄土地基处理课题为背景展开工作。针对该路段的饱和黄土、低洼湿地等不良地质情况进行了现场勘察,取土进行大量的室内试验确定其物理、力学性质,为地基处理方案的设计提供依据。
借鉴水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理地基的成功经验,结合二灰总掺入比、水泥与粉煤灰的比例及养护龄期三个因素进行正交试验。通过大量的试验数据来分析二灰土的强度随各种因素的变化规律,最终确定二灰总掺入比为15%,水泥：粉煤灰=2：1(重量比)时,二灰土强度既能满足实际工程的要求又能取得经济合理的效果。通过理论计算确定用水泥粉煤搅拌桩处理饱和黄土方案中桩长、桩径、桩间距、置换率等设计参数。
地基处理方案确定后,选择有代表性的地质段对这种地基处理方案的可行性进行了验证,并通过多种方法对现场试验中单桩强度和复合地基的整体强度进行了检验。根据现场试验结果进一步优化地基处理方案的各项参数,用来指导大规模的施工。地基处理结束后,在复合地基中埋设监测仪器进行沉降量、桩土应力比的监测,通过监测结果来分析水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理饱和黄土形成的复合地基强度情况和沉降的发展规律,对这种地基处理效果进行合理的工程评价。
监测和试验结果表明,用水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理饱和黄土地基完全能满足上部荷载对复合地基强度和沉降量的要求,是一种经济、有效的地基处理方法。
With the continuous improvement of the foundation treatment technology, Develop various forms foundation treatment method of the saturated loess in the highway, railway engineering. This article studies feasibility of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation from the perspective of ecomomic and reasonable.
The study is based on the project of the saturated loess foundation improved of Pu cheng-Wei nan highway, a part of the Huang wei contacting line.According to on-site investigation for the saturated loess, low-lying wetland and the other undesirable geological conditions on this route, Do a lot of laboratory testing to detemine their engineering properties by on-site soil. Provides the basis for the design of foundation treatment plan.
Reference on the successful experience of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation. Do orthogonal experiment with three factors of the total quality of fly-ash cement, the proportion of cement and fly-ash, maintenance time. Analysis of the fly-ash cement specimen strength variation law of various factors by a lot of experimental data. Determine when the total mixing ratio of fly-ash cement is 15%, cement: fly-ash=2:1 (weight ratio), fly-ash cement specimen can satisfy the requirement of the project and rational economic effect. Through theoretical calculation to determine the pile length, diameter, pile spacing, the replacement rate and the other design parameters of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation.
Choose a representative geological section do the site test in order to verify the feasibility of the methods after determine the foundation treatment plan, and detection the strength of single pile and composite foundaion by various methods. Further optimization various parameters of the foundation treatment scheme according to the test results, used to guide the large-scale construction. Embedding the monitoring equipments in composite foundation, monitoring of pile-soil stress ratio and the foundation subsidence. Ananysis the law of development of pile-soil stress ratio and the foundation subsidence by the monitoring the results. According to the law make a engineering evaluation about the effect of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation.
Monitoring and testing results indicate that using fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation can meet the requirements of the intensity and settlement. It is an economic and efficient foundation treatment methods.
以黄龙至渭南联络线的蒲城-渭南段高速公路的饱和黄土地基处理课题为背景展开工作。针对该路段的饱和黄土、低洼湿地等不良地质情况进行了现场勘察,取土进行大量的室内试验确定其物理、力学性质,为地基处理方案的设计提供依据。
借鉴水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理地基的成功经验,结合二灰总掺入比、水泥与粉煤灰的比例及养护龄期三个因素进行正交试验。通过大量的试验数据来分析二灰土的强度随各种因素的变化规律,最终确定二灰总掺入比为15%,水泥：粉煤灰=2：1(重量比)时,二灰土强度既能满足实际工程的要求又能取得经济合理的效果。通过理论计算确定用水泥粉煤搅拌桩处理饱和黄土方案中桩长、桩径、桩间距、置换率等设计参数。
地基处理方案确定后,选择有代表性的地质段对这种地基处理方案的可行性进行了验证,并通过多种方法对现场试验中单桩强度和复合地基的整体强度进行了检验。根据现场试验结果进一步优化地基处理方案的各项参数,用来指导大规模的施工。地基处理结束后,在复合地基中埋设监测仪器进行沉降量、桩土应力比的监测,通过监测结果来分析水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理饱和黄土形成的复合地基强度情况和沉降的发展规律,对这种地基处理效果进行合理的工程评价。
监测和试验结果表明,用水泥粉煤灰搅拌桩处理饱和黄土地基完全能满足上部荷载对复合地基强度和沉降量的要求,是一种经济、有效的地基处理方法。
With the continuous improvement of the foundation treatment technology, Develop various forms foundation treatment method of the saturated loess in the highway, railway engineering. This article studies feasibility of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation from the perspective of ecomomic and reasonable.
The study is based on the project of the saturated loess foundation improved of Pu cheng-Wei nan highway, a part of the Huang wei contacting line.According to on-site investigation for the saturated loess, low-lying wetland and the other undesirable geological conditions on this route, Do a lot of laboratory testing to detemine their engineering properties by on-site soil. Provides the basis for the design of foundation treatment plan.
Reference on the successful experience of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation. Do orthogonal experiment with three factors of the total quality of fly-ash cement, the proportion of cement and fly-ash, maintenance time. Analysis of the fly-ash cement specimen strength variation law of various factors by a lot of experimental data. Determine when the total mixing ratio of fly-ash cement is 15%, cement: fly-ash=2:1 (weight ratio), fly-ash cement specimen can satisfy the requirement of the project and rational economic effect. Through theoretical calculation to determine the pile length, diameter, pile spacing, the replacement rate and the other design parameters of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation.
Choose a representative geological section do the site test in order to verify the feasibility of the methods after determine the foundation treatment plan, and detection the strength of single pile and composite foundaion by various methods. Further optimization various parameters of the foundation treatment scheme according to the test results, used to guide the large-scale construction. Embedding the monitoring equipments in composite foundation, monitoring of pile-soil stress ratio and the foundation subsidence. Ananysis the law of development of pile-soil stress ratio and the foundation subsidence by the monitoring the results. According to the law make a engineering evaluation about the effect of fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation.
Monitoring and testing results indicate that using fly-ash cement mixing pile treatment the saturated loess foundation can meet the requirements of the intensity and settlement. It is an economic and efficient foundation treatment methods.
引文
[1]丁国新,白明洲,许兆义等.西安地区饱和黄土工程地质特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(02)：196—199
[2]胡中雄,曹名葆,叶观宝等.地基处理技术与工程实例[M].北京：科学出版社,2008
[3]地基处理手册编写委员会 地基处理手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[4]徐至钧强夯和强夯置换法加固地基[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[5]Menard,L.and Boroise,Y.Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Dynamic Consolidation[J] Geotechnique,1975,25(1):3-18
[6]王思臣.强夯处理湿陷性黄土地基的应用研究[D].西安：西安建筑科技大学,2003
[7]叶书麟,韩杰,叶观宝等.地基处理与托换技术[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[8]叶观宝,高彦斌.振冲法和砂石桩法加固地基[D].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[9]龚晓南.复合地基设计和施工指南[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2003
[10]喻小燕.应用土工格室整治基床下沉外挤病害[R].北京：铁路工程建设科技动态报告文集,1999
[11]杨晓华,戴铁丁,许新桩.土工格室在铁路软弱基床加固中的应用[J].交通工程运输学报,2005(2),42-46
[12]杨晓华.土工格室加固饱和黄土地基工程性状及承载力[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2004,24(3)：5-8
[13]周金鹏.粉喷桩加固高速公路软土路基的机理与设计[D].南京：南京理工大学,2003
[14]丁兆民.水泥粉喷桩复合地基在软黄土区公路工程中的应用研究[D].西安：长安大学,2001
[15]张汉舟.高填土路堤下软黄土处理技术研究[D].西安：长安大学,2008
[16]高峰.浅谈大同地区饱和黄土的工程特征[J].铁道勘察.2008,33(01)：40—41
[17]彭小云.黄土沟壑区湿软土地基处理技术研究[D].西安：长安大学,2008
[18]黄绍铭,高大钊.软土地基与地下工程[M].第二版.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2005
[19]麦凌云.论饱和黄土的工程性质[J].科技情报开发与经济,1999,8(05)：64—65
[20]JTG E40—2007.公路土工试验规程[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2007
[21]GB 50021—2001.岩土工程勘查规范[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[22]JTJ 024-85.公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范[S].上海：华东师范大学出版社,1998
[23]林宗元.岩土工程治理手册[M].辽宁：辽宁科学技术出版社,1993
[24]林宗元.岩土工程勘察设计手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[25]万林海,郭平业,金海元.CFG桩复合地基沉降影响因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(04)：547—552
[26]吴小梅,彭根怀.强夯置换法处理饱和黄土地基[J].施工技术,2005,34(01)：29—30
[27]吴钰,徐泽中,陈景扬.不同方法估算路基最终沉降量的分析研究[J].水利水电科技进展,1988,18(02)：17—21
[28]杨涛,李国维.路堤荷载下水泥搅拌桩复合地基桩体应力比的现场试验[J].工业建筑,2008,38(2)：64—67
[29]陈志坚,游庆仲,林闽等.振弦式压力盒在刚性接触面应力监测中的应力研究[J].中国工程学报,2002,4(12)：80-85
[30]赵峰.柔性基础复合地基沉降分析[D].西安：长安大学,2006
[2]胡中雄,曹名葆,叶观宝等.地基处理技术与工程实例[M].北京：科学出版社,2008
[3]地基处理手册编写委员会 地基处理手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2000
[4]徐至钧强夯和强夯置换法加固地基[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[5]Menard,L.and Boroise,Y.Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Dynamic Consolidation[J] Geotechnique,1975,25(1):3-18
[6]王思臣.强夯处理湿陷性黄土地基的应用研究[D].西安：西安建筑科技大学,2003
[7]叶书麟,韩杰,叶观宝等.地基处理与托换技术[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[8]叶观宝,高彦斌.振冲法和砂石桩法加固地基[D].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[9]龚晓南.复合地基设计和施工指南[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2003
[10]喻小燕.应用土工格室整治基床下沉外挤病害[R].北京：铁路工程建设科技动态报告文集,1999
[11]杨晓华,戴铁丁,许新桩.土工格室在铁路软弱基床加固中的应用[J].交通工程运输学报,2005(2),42-46
[12]杨晓华.土工格室加固饱和黄土地基工程性状及承载力[J].长安大学学报(自然科学版),2004,24(3)：5-8
[13]周金鹏.粉喷桩加固高速公路软土路基的机理与设计[D].南京：南京理工大学,2003
[14]丁兆民.水泥粉喷桩复合地基在软黄土区公路工程中的应用研究[D].西安：长安大学,2001
[15]张汉舟.高填土路堤下软黄土处理技术研究[D].西安：长安大学,2008
[16]高峰.浅谈大同地区饱和黄土的工程特征[J].铁道勘察.2008,33(01)：40—41
[17]彭小云.黄土沟壑区湿软土地基处理技术研究[D].西安：长安大学,2008
[18]黄绍铭,高大钊.软土地基与地下工程[M].第二版.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2005
[19]麦凌云.论饱和黄土的工程性质[J].科技情报开发与经济,1999,8(05)：64—65
[20]JTG E40—2007.公路土工试验规程[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2007
[21]GB 50021—2001.岩土工程勘查规范[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[22]JTJ 024-85.公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范[S].上海：华东师范大学出版社,1998
[23]林宗元.岩土工程治理手册[M].辽宁：辽宁科学技术出版社,1993
[24]林宗元.岩土工程勘察设计手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2003
[25]万林海,郭平业,金海元.CFG桩复合地基沉降影响因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(04)：547—552
[26]吴小梅,彭根怀.强夯置换法处理饱和黄土地基[J].施工技术,2005,34(01)：29—30
[27]吴钰,徐泽中,陈景扬.不同方法估算路基最终沉降量的分析研究[J].水利水电科技进展,1988,18(02)：17—21
[28]杨涛,李国维.路堤荷载下水泥搅拌桩复合地基桩体应力比的现场试验[J].工业建筑,2008,38(2)：64—67
[29]陈志坚,游庆仲,林闽等.振弦式压力盒在刚性接触面应力监测中的应力研究[J].中国工程学报,2002,4(12)：80-85
[30]赵峰.柔性基础复合地基沉降分析[D].西安：长安大学,2006