宝钢1880加热炉基坑设计与施工研究
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摘要
现代化的热轧项目在所有的冶金工厂建设项目中以其基坑众多,基坑超长、超宽、超深,开挖土方量大,浇筑混凝土方量大,相互影响大而著称。在软土工程地质条件下进行热轧项目建设,其大型基坑的施工安全是整个工程的重中之重。
宝钢1880热轧带钢工程加热炉深基坑开挖底边线为120米×120米,平均开挖深度为12.2米,属于超大、超深基坑,基坑发生滑坡、坍塌等稳定问题造成的损失巨大。基坑周边环境情况复杂,挖方范围内所遇到的土层均为软弱土层,各土层的抗剪强度均比较低,具有高含水量、高灵敏度、高压缩性、低强度特性,并具有触变和蠕动等不良特性,必须采取相应的预防措施。设计和施工时,需要确保基坑的整体稳定,确保周边的直埋工业管道以及地下管廊的安全,尽可能减小对基坑周边工程桩的影响。
根据本工程的特点,结合现场实际情况,本文经过分析、计算,确定了有针对性的设计方案；并在基坑施工中,在降水、土体加固、工业管道保护、土方开挖等方面采取了相应的措施；同时,对基坑施工加强监测,实行信息化施工
基坑施工历时49天,基坑整个开挖施工过程安全完成,基坑边坡的位移与计算结果较为符合,边坡上需要保护的水道管廊和工程桩的位移很小,基坑顺利完成。
Among all metallurgical works construction, the modern hot rolling project is famous for its numerous, extra-long, extra-wide and extra-deep foundation pits, large volume of earthwork excavation and concrete pouring, and mutual influences among pits. For the construction of hot rolling project which is on the geological condition of soft soil, the safety of large-scale foundation pit construction is the most important for the whole project.
For the deep foundation pit of heating furnace of Baosteel's 1880 mm hot-rolled strip steel project, its side line for excavation is 120m X 120m, the average excavation depth is 12.2m. It belongs to extra-large and extra-deep foundation pits. The stable issues such as landslide and collapse of the pit may directly lead to huge damages. The environment around the pit is complicated, the soil within the range of earthwork is soft soil, and the shear strengths of different layers of soil are low, with characters like high moisture content, high sensitivity, high compressible and low intensity, as well as negative features like thixotropic and creeping. Hence, the relative prevention measurements must be taken. While designing and construction, the entire stable of the foundation pit must be ensured, the safety of embedded industrial pipes and underground pipe gallery must be secured, and the impact on the piles surrounding the foundation pit has to be reduced as possible.
According to the features of this project, in combination with the site actual situation, this article identifies the aimed-target designing scheme through analysis and calculation. The corresponding measurements relating to dewatering, soil reinforcement, industrial pipes protection and earthwork excavation are implemented. Meanwhile, the monitoring on the foundation pit construction is enhanced and the informational construction is executed.
The construction of the foundation pit lasts for 49 days. The safety excavation construction for the whole foundation pit has been achieved. The displacement of the side slope of the foundation pit accords with the calculation result. The displacement of the protected water pipe gallery and piles on the side slope is slight, and the construction of foundation pit achieves success.
宝钢1880热轧带钢工程加热炉深基坑开挖底边线为120米×120米,平均开挖深度为12.2米,属于超大、超深基坑,基坑发生滑坡、坍塌等稳定问题造成的损失巨大。基坑周边环境情况复杂,挖方范围内所遇到的土层均为软弱土层,各土层的抗剪强度均比较低,具有高含水量、高灵敏度、高压缩性、低强度特性,并具有触变和蠕动等不良特性,必须采取相应的预防措施。设计和施工时,需要确保基坑的整体稳定,确保周边的直埋工业管道以及地下管廊的安全,尽可能减小对基坑周边工程桩的影响。
根据本工程的特点,结合现场实际情况,本文经过分析、计算,确定了有针对性的设计方案；并在基坑施工中,在降水、土体加固、工业管道保护、土方开挖等方面采取了相应的措施；同时,对基坑施工加强监测,实行信息化施工
基坑施工历时49天,基坑整个开挖施工过程安全完成,基坑边坡的位移与计算结果较为符合,边坡上需要保护的水道管廊和工程桩的位移很小,基坑顺利完成。
Among all metallurgical works construction, the modern hot rolling project is famous for its numerous, extra-long, extra-wide and extra-deep foundation pits, large volume of earthwork excavation and concrete pouring, and mutual influences among pits. For the construction of hot rolling project which is on the geological condition of soft soil, the safety of large-scale foundation pit construction is the most important for the whole project.
For the deep foundation pit of heating furnace of Baosteel's 1880 mm hot-rolled strip steel project, its side line for excavation is 120m X 120m, the average excavation depth is 12.2m. It belongs to extra-large and extra-deep foundation pits. The stable issues such as landslide and collapse of the pit may directly lead to huge damages. The environment around the pit is complicated, the soil within the range of earthwork is soft soil, and the shear strengths of different layers of soil are low, with characters like high moisture content, high sensitivity, high compressible and low intensity, as well as negative features like thixotropic and creeping. Hence, the relative prevention measurements must be taken. While designing and construction, the entire stable of the foundation pit must be ensured, the safety of embedded industrial pipes and underground pipe gallery must be secured, and the impact on the piles surrounding the foundation pit has to be reduced as possible.
According to the features of this project, in combination with the site actual situation, this article identifies the aimed-target designing scheme through analysis and calculation. The corresponding measurements relating to dewatering, soil reinforcement, industrial pipes protection and earthwork excavation are implemented. Meanwhile, the monitoring on the foundation pit construction is enhanced and the informational construction is executed.
The construction of the foundation pit lasts for 49 days. The safety excavation construction for the whole foundation pit has been achieved. The displacement of the side slope of the foundation pit accords with the calculation result. The displacement of the protected water pipe gallery and piles on the side slope is slight, and the construction of foundation pit achieves success.
引文
[1]刘建航,侯学渊.基坑工程手册.中国建筑工业出版社,1997年出版
[2]姚天强,石振华,曹惠宾.基坑降水手册.中国建筑工业出版社,2006年出版
[3]宝钢工程指挥部.宝钢一期工程施工科技成果选编,1987年
[4]重庆钢铁设计研究院宝钢设计总队.宝钢地基加固措施与场地稳定性.宝钢工程技术,1982年第1期
[5]上海市勘察设计协会.基坑工程设计规程DBJ08-61-97,1997,上海
[6]上海市建设委员会.地基基础设计规范DGJ08-11-1999,1999,上海
[7]中国建筑科学研究院.建筑基坑技术规程JGJ120-99.中国建筑工业出版社,1999,北京
[8]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准GB50068-2001.中国建筑工业出版社,2001,北京
[9]中华人民共和国建设部,建筑结构荷载规范GB50009-2001.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[10]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础设计规范GB50007-2002.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[11]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范GB50202-2002.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[12]中华人民共和国建设部.混凝土结构设计规范GB50010-2002.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[13]李品华主编.宝山钢铁股份宽厚板轧机工程场地岩土工程勘察报告书.武汉：武汉勘察设计研究院,2002
[14]松尾埝(日)地基工程学可靠性设计的理论和实际.人民交通出版社,1990,北京
[15]毛金萍,钟建驰,徐伟.深基坑支护结构方案的风险分析[J].建筑施工,2003,25(4)：249-252
[16]黄宏伟,边亦海.深基坑工程施工中的风险管理.地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(4)：611-614
[17]姚翠生.流砂地层深基坑施工风险分析.山西建筑,2005,31(3)：58-59
[18]张鹏飞,高大钊.软土地区钻孔灌注桩承载力的可靠度研究.同济大学学报, 1998.6
[19]肖溟,龚晓南,黄广龙.深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力的可靠度分析.浙江大学学报(工学版),2000年,4
[20]李镜培,何长根.BAYES方法在上海桩基承载力分析中的应用.住宅科技,2001,8
[21]罗云华,傅旭东.水平受力桩的可靠度分析.勘察科学技术,2004,1
[22]林建华.复合桩基承载力和沉降变形的可靠度研究.泉州.华侨大学硕士学位论文,2004
[23]张大巍,杜海金,李燕.基于小样本的深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力可靠度分析.河北建筑科技学院学报,2005,1
[24]王怀忠,沈浩.宝钢历次超-30m深漩流池基坑工程技术问题.地下空间与工程学报,2005,8
[25]沈浩.宝钢1880热轧大型基坑群风险管理研究.上海交通大学硕士学位论文,2007
[26]中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司.宝钢1880mm热轧漩流池圆形深基坑支护研究报告2007年1月
[27]中国第二十冶金建设公司.宝钢1880热轧带钢工程漩流池施工工艺.2007年3月
[28]中冶京诚技术有限公司.宝钢宽厚板工程初步设计.北京,2001
[29]陈仲颐,叶书麟主编.基础工程学.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1991
[30]高大钊主编.深基坑工程.北京：机械工业出版社,2002
[31]赵志缙,应惠清主编.简明深基坑工程设计手册.北京：中国工业出版社,2000
[32]Burland,J.B., Wroth C.P. Settlement of buildings and associated damage. Build research establishment, Watford, England.
[33]Boscardin,M.D. and Cording, E.J. Building response to excavation-induced settlement. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE,1989,115(1):1～21
[34]Boone,S.J. Ground movement related building damage:closure. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998, ASCE,124(5),463～465
[35]Boone,S.J., Westland.J. and Nusink R. Comparative evaluation of building responses to an adjacent braced excavation. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999, Vol35.3,210～223.
[36]Hsieh.H,s, Applicatin of JG and DMP to reduced excavation induced diaphram wall deflection, Taipei
[37]Chang-Yu Ou, Analysis of deep excavation with column type of ground improvemeng in soft clay
[38]陶纪南.岩土工程位移预测与安全预报.西安建筑科技大学学报,第27卷,第2期,1995
[39]软土地下工程施工技术.上海：华东理工大学出版社,2000.
[40]林宗元.岩土工程试验监测手册.沈阳：辽宁科学技术出版社,1994
[41]北京土木建筑学会.地基与基础工程施工技术措施.北京：经济科学出版社,2005.
[42]贾坚.控制基坑变形的实用计算方法及其应用.岩土力学,2004,25(12)
[43]张永波,孙新忠.基坑降水工程.北京：地震出版社,2000.
[44]刘俊岩主编.建筑基坑工程监测技术规范(GB50497-2009).北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[45]陈希哲.地基事故与预防-国内外建筑工程实例.清华大学出版社,1994
[2]姚天强,石振华,曹惠宾.基坑降水手册.中国建筑工业出版社,2006年出版
[3]宝钢工程指挥部.宝钢一期工程施工科技成果选编,1987年
[4]重庆钢铁设计研究院宝钢设计总队.宝钢地基加固措施与场地稳定性.宝钢工程技术,1982年第1期
[5]上海市勘察设计协会.基坑工程设计规程DBJ08-61-97,1997,上海
[6]上海市建设委员会.地基基础设计规范DGJ08-11-1999,1999,上海
[7]中国建筑科学研究院.建筑基坑技术规程JGJ120-99.中国建筑工业出版社,1999,北京
[8]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准GB50068-2001.中国建筑工业出版社,2001,北京
[9]中华人民共和国建设部,建筑结构荷载规范GB50009-2001.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[10]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础设计规范GB50007-2002.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[11]中华人民共和国建设部.建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范GB50202-2002.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[12]中华人民共和国建设部.混凝土结构设计规范GB50010-2002.中国建筑工业出版社,2002,北京
[13]李品华主编.宝山钢铁股份宽厚板轧机工程场地岩土工程勘察报告书.武汉：武汉勘察设计研究院,2002
[14]松尾埝(日)地基工程学可靠性设计的理论和实际.人民交通出版社,1990,北京
[15]毛金萍,钟建驰,徐伟.深基坑支护结构方案的风险分析[J].建筑施工,2003,25(4)：249-252
[16]黄宏伟,边亦海.深基坑工程施工中的风险管理.地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(4)：611-614
[17]姚翠生.流砂地层深基坑施工风险分析.山西建筑,2005,31(3)：58-59
[18]张鹏飞,高大钊.软土地区钻孔灌注桩承载力的可靠度研究.同济大学学报, 1998.6
[19]肖溟,龚晓南,黄广龙.深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力的可靠度分析.浙江大学学报(工学版),2000年,4
[20]李镜培,何长根.BAYES方法在上海桩基承载力分析中的应用.住宅科技,2001,8
[21]罗云华,傅旭东.水平受力桩的可靠度分析.勘察科学技术,2004,1
[22]林建华.复合桩基承载力和沉降变形的可靠度研究.泉州.华侨大学硕士学位论文,2004
[23]张大巍,杜海金,李燕.基于小样本的深层搅拌桩复合地基承载力可靠度分析.河北建筑科技学院学报,2005,1
[24]王怀忠,沈浩.宝钢历次超-30m深漩流池基坑工程技术问题.地下空间与工程学报,2005,8
[25]沈浩.宝钢1880热轧大型基坑群风险管理研究.上海交通大学硕士学位论文,2007
[26]中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司.宝钢1880mm热轧漩流池圆形深基坑支护研究报告2007年1月
[27]中国第二十冶金建设公司.宝钢1880热轧带钢工程漩流池施工工艺.2007年3月
[28]中冶京诚技术有限公司.宝钢宽厚板工程初步设计.北京,2001
[29]陈仲颐,叶书麟主编.基础工程学.北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1991
[30]高大钊主编.深基坑工程.北京：机械工业出版社,2002
[31]赵志缙,应惠清主编.简明深基坑工程设计手册.北京：中国工业出版社,2000
[32]Burland,J.B., Wroth C.P. Settlement of buildings and associated damage. Build research establishment, Watford, England.
[33]Boscardin,M.D. and Cording, E.J. Building response to excavation-induced settlement. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE,1989,115(1):1～21
[34]Boone,S.J. Ground movement related building damage:closure. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998, ASCE,124(5),463～465
[35]Boone,S.J., Westland.J. and Nusink R. Comparative evaluation of building responses to an adjacent braced excavation. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1999, Vol35.3,210～223.
[36]Hsieh.H,s, Applicatin of JG and DMP to reduced excavation induced diaphram wall deflection, Taipei
[37]Chang-Yu Ou, Analysis of deep excavation with column type of ground improvemeng in soft clay
[38]陶纪南.岩土工程位移预测与安全预报.西安建筑科技大学学报,第27卷,第2期,1995
[39]软土地下工程施工技术.上海：华东理工大学出版社,2000.
[40]林宗元.岩土工程试验监测手册.沈阳：辽宁科学技术出版社,1994
[41]北京土木建筑学会.地基与基础工程施工技术措施.北京：经济科学出版社,2005.
[42]贾坚.控制基坑变形的实用计算方法及其应用.岩土力学,2004,25(12)
[43]张永波,孙新忠.基坑降水工程.北京：地震出版社,2000.
[44]刘俊岩主编.建筑基坑工程监测技术规范(GB50497-2009).北京：中国建筑工业出版社,2009.
[45]陈希哲.地基事故与预防-国内外建筑工程实例.清华大学出版社,1994