鸡CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因的克隆、表达及其在肉质中的遗传效应分析
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摘要
钙蛋白酶系统在细胞内普遍存在,主要包括钙蛋白酶和钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白。钙蛋白酶(calpain,CAPN)是生物体内普遍存在的钙依赖性半胱氨酸蛋白酶,在活体中参与肌肉降解等许多细胞过程,在动物宰后影响肉的嫩度。钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白(Calpastatin,CAST)是一种内源性的、需Ca~(2+)激活的钙蛋白酶抑制剂,可抑制肌肉蛋白质降解,屠宰后可抑制钙蛋白酶的活性,降低蛋白质水解。研究表明:钙蛋白酶系统基因参与肌肉生长过程中蛋白质的更新,并且与动物肌肉的增长和嫩度有密切的相关。
本研究以地方品种四川山地乌骨鸡为试验材料,克隆获得了山地乌骨鸡CAPN系统成员CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因的全编码区序列(GenBank accessionnumbers:FJ232589、FJ232590、FJ497056和FJ232592),并翻译获得其氨基酸序列(705aa、700aa、810aa和768aa)。通过生物信息学分析表明:CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST蛋白都是亲水的、都可能是一种潜在的跨膜蛋白。同时都存在着calpain家族的催化结构域和共同特征。CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3蛋白的氨基酸序列与其它物种的同源性较高,CAST蛋白的氨基酸序列与其它物种的同源性较低。
以地方品种四川山地乌骨鸡、藏鸡和培育优质鸡“大恒”S01系为试验材料,采用SYBR greenⅠ定量PCR分析CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因在1日龄和70日龄两个时间点品种间的表达差异,同时分析了四川山地乌骨鸡出生后1d、14d、28d、42d、56d、70d和84日龄等7个时间点CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因的组织表达差异和同一组织在不同时间点的发育性变化,以及CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST表达量的发育性变化同肌内脂肪含量、活重和冠重等三个表型性状累积生长值之间的关系。分析结果表明:除CAST基因在藏鸡的腺胃和肌胃组织外,CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因在同一组织中藏鸡和S01品系中基因表达量高于山地乌骨鸡。由此推测,CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因表达量与鸡的品种有关;CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因在四川山地乌骨鸡出生后的各个阶段都有表达,并且在不同阶段各有优势表达组织。胸肌和腿肌中CAPN1基因表达量的发育性变化与活重的累积生长值成显著地正相关,肌肉组织中CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因表达量的发育性变化与活重的累积生长值无显著地相关,但CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因在胸肌组织中都有表达的优势时间点。CAPN1基因在胸肌组织中表达规律在不同时间点总体呈上升的趋势,CAST基因在胸肌中表达量总体呈下降趋势,CAPN3基因在胸肌组织中表达规律总体呈先升后降的趋势。这与CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因在肌肉生长发育过程中理论表达量的规律很相似。胸肌组织中CAPN1分别与CAST和CAPN3表达量比值变化随机体的生长发育呈先升后降再升的趋势。由此推测,CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因表达量可能与鸡肌纤维的生长发育紧密相关,它们在鸡肌肉蛋白代谢中发挥重要调控作用。
以地方品种广东惠阳胡须鸡、封开杏花鸡、清远麻鸡、广西霞烟鸡和四川大恒优质鸡8个品系等12个品系或品种。共310个个体为试验材料,采用测序和PCR-SSCP的技术设计引物,扫描CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因外显子序列和邻近内含子序列。结果显示:在CAPN1基因中检测到4个单核苷酸突变位点,分别位于外显子5、外显子6、外显子16和3'非编码区。具体为2546位(SNP1)由C→T(反向测序),3535位(SNP2)由G→A,7198位(SNP3)由C→A和9950位(SNP4)由G→A(GenBank NO:NC_006090.1)。4个SNP位点构成16种单倍型,其中单倍型H1(C-G-C-G)、H2(C-G-C-A)和H5(C-A-C-G)为优势单倍型。CAPN1基因单倍型与12个品系或品种的屠宰性状关联分析结果显示:单倍型组合对活重、屠体重、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌重和腿肌率的遗传效应达到显著水平(P＜0.05)。单倍型H1(C-G-C-G)对肌肉生长有负面效应,单倍型H9(T-G-C-G)和H13(T-A-C-G)对肌肉生长有正向效应。
在CAPN3基因中检测到2个单核苷酸突变位点,分别位于内含子8和外显子10。具体为11818位(SNP1)由T→A,12814位(SNP2)由T→G(GenBank NO:NC_006092.2)。2个SNP位点构成4种单倍型,其中单倍型H1(T-G)、H2(T-T)、H3(A-G)和H4(A-T)均为优势单倍型。CAPN3基因单倍型与12个品系或品种的屠宰性状关联分析结果显示:单倍型组合对半净膛率、胸肌率和腹脂重有显著地遗传效应。单倍型H1(T-G)对肌肉增长有负面效应,单倍型H2(T-T)对肌肉增长有正向效应,对腹脂重有负面效应。
在CAST基因中检测到3个单核苷酸突变位点,分别位于外显子8、外显子11和内含子11。具体为36127位(SNP1)由T→C,37752位(SNP2)由A→T,37868位(SNP3)由G→A(GenBank NO:NC_006127.2)。3个SNP位点构成8种单倍型,其中单倍型H1(T-A-G)、H2(T-A-A)、H3(T-T-G)和H4(T-T-A)为优势单倍型。CAST基因单倍型与12个品系或品种的屠宰性状关联分析结果显示:单倍型组合对活重、屠体重、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌重、胸肌率、腿肌重和腿肌率有显著地遗传效应。单倍型H3(T-T-G)对肌肉生长发育有正面效应,单倍型H5(C-A-G)和H6(C-A-A)对肌肉生长发育有负向效应。由此推测CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因可能是影响鸡屠宰性状的主效基因。
单突变位点与肉质性状关联分析结果显示:CAPN1基因对剪切力和失水率有显著影响,CAPN3基因对失水率有显著影响,CAST基因对肌苷酸含量有显著影响。三基因突变位点对肉质性能的遗传效应需要进一步研究验证。
The calpain system is ubiquitous in cells which mainly including calpain and calpastatin. Calpains(CAPN) are intracellular cysteine proteases activated in a Ca~(2+)-dependent manner and are involved in a variety of cellular processes,and play a key role in muscle protein degradation in living tissue and in postmortem tenderization.Calpastatin(CAST) is a specific,endogenous inhibitor of the calpains activated by Ca~(2+) inhibiting both forms of calpains(low calcium-requiring form called u-calpain and a high calcium-requiring form called m-calpain),and inhibits the decomposability of protein in muscle and reduces the growth speed of muscle cell.Meanwhile,it can inhibit the activity of calpain and depress the hydrolyzation of protein after slaughter.Researches showed that the calpain system gene taken part in the renovation of protein during muscle growth.And it has been found that calpain system gene was associated with muscle growth and meat tenderness in livestock.
In this research,Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chickens were used.We successfully obtained the coding sequence of CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene. GenBank assigned them accession numbers FJ232589,FJ232590,FJ497056 and FJ232592, respectively.Based on these four cDNA sequences,four amino acid sequences were obtained,their lengths were 705aa,700aa,810aa and 768aa.We found CAPN1,CAPN2, CAPN3 and CAST protein maybe a drophilic and transmembrane protein,respectively. Meanwhile,they were of catalysis domain and common characteristic for calpain family. The chicken CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 amino acid sequences had high identity with that of other animal by bioinformative analysis,but CAST was opposite.
Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chicken,Tibetan chicken and line S01 of Dahen chicken were used.We adopted the real-time PCR(SYBR greenⅠ) method to test the expression quantity of CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene in the breeds mentioned above at the first day and the 70th day after birth.And we also tested the expression quantity of CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene in different tissues at certain growth point,that in different growth points at certain tissue and had correlation analysis of these relative quantities and traits in Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chicken.The results indicated that CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression in all tissues at all growth points and there was advantageous tissue for gene expression at each growth point. CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression in a certain tissue was different in different breeds.The CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression in each tissue in Tibetan chicken and line S01 was higher than that of Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chicken except for CAST gene expression in Glandular and Muscular stomach in Tibetan. The results also indicated that the developmental change of CAPN1 gene expression quantity in breast muscle and leg muscle was positively related with the cumulative values of living weight(P<0.05),and the developmental change of CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression quantity in breast muscle and leg muscle were not related with the cumulative values of living weight(P>0.05),but there was also advantageous growth point in breast muscle tissue for CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression.The expression level of CAPN1 gene in breast muscle had "rise" trend in total,CAST gene was opposite, and CAPN3 gene had "rise-decline" trend in total.It was similar with the theoretical expression of CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene.Study on the ratio of the expression quantity of CAPN1 gene to CAST and CAPN3 gene along with the growth points in Sichuan Mountainous Black-bone chicken discovered that the ratio in breast muscle increased firstly,then deceased and increased in last,respectively.It was concluded that the developmental change of CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression quantity were tightly correlated with the development change of muscle growth,and them may have key role in turns in control chicken muscle protein metabolism.
In this study,Dahen high-quality chicken in Sichuan province,Huxu chicken, Xinghua chicken,Qingyuan ma chicken,Xiayang chicken in Guangxi province,totally 310 samples were used.We screened all the extrons and part of intron sequences of CAPNI gene and four single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained.They were located in the 5th exon,the 6th exon,the 16th exon and 3'-untraslated region.SNP1(C/T) was at position 2546nt,SNP2(G/A) was at position 3535nt,SNP3(C/A) was at position 7198nt and SNP4(G/A) was at position 9950nt(GenBank Accession NO:NC_006090.1).All the SNPs detected in the current study were novel and synonymous SNPs.Sixteen halplotypes were constructed from the 4 SNPs.Three main haplotypes were found including H1 (C-G-C-G),H2(C-G-C-A)and H5(C-A-C-G).The effect of halplotype on carcass traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that halplotype had significant genetic effect on living weight,carcass weight,semi-eviscerated percentage,the percentage of breast muscle,leg muscle weight and the percentage of leg muscle(P<0.05).H1 had a negative effect on muscle growth,H9(T-G-C-G) and H13(T-A-C-G) had a positive effect on muscle growth.
We screened all the extrons and part of intron sequences of CAPN3 gene and two single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained.They were located in the 8th intron and 10th exon.SNP1(T/A) was at position 11818nt and SNP2(T/G) was at position 12814nt(GenBank Accession NO:NC_006092.2).All the SNPs detected in the current study were novel and synonymous SNPs.Four halplotypes were constructed from the 2 SNPs and four haplotypes ineluding H1(T-G),H2(T-T),H3(A-G) and H4(A-T) were accounted for 100%of all the observations.The effect of halplotype on carcass traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that halplotype had significant genetic effect on semi-eviscerated percentage,the percentage of breast muscle and abdominal fat weight (P<0.05).Haplotype H1(T-G) had a negative effect on muscle growth,Haplotype H2 (T-T) had a positive effect on muscle growth and had a negative effect on abdominal fat weight.
We screened all the extrons and part of intron sequences of CAST gene and three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained.They were located in the 8th exon, 11th exon and 11th intron.SNP1(T/C) was at position 36127nt,SNP2(A/T) was at position 37752nt and SNP3(G/A) was at position 37868nt(GenBank Accession NO: NC_006127.2).All the SNPs detected in the current study were novel and synonymous SNPs.Eight halplotypes were constructed from the 3 SNPs.Four main haplotypes were found including H1(T-A-G),H2(T-A-A),H3(T-T-G) and H4(T-T-A).The effect of halplotype on carcass traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that halplotype had significant genetic effect on living weight,carcass weight,semi-eviscerated percentage,eviscerated percentage,breast muscle weight,leg muscle weight,the percentage of breast muscle and the percentage of leg muscle(P<0.05).H3 had a positive effect on muscle growth,H5(C-A-G) and H6(C-A-A) had a negative effect on muscle growth.So it was concluded that the CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene may be three major gene affecting carcass traits of chicken or it is linked with the major gene.
The effect of single locus on meat quality traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that CAPN1 gene had significant genetic effect on warner-bratzler shear force and water depletion rate,CAPN3 gene had significant genetic effect on water depletion rate and CAST gene had significant genetic effect on inosine monophosphate(P<0.05).So further it is essential to confirm the association between the alleles or haplotypes of CAPN1, CAPN3 and CAST polymorphisms and carcass and meat quality traits in chicken.
本研究以地方品种四川山地乌骨鸡为试验材料,克隆获得了山地乌骨鸡CAPN系统成员CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因的全编码区序列(GenBank accessionnumbers:FJ232589、FJ232590、FJ497056和FJ232592),并翻译获得其氨基酸序列(705aa、700aa、810aa和768aa)。通过生物信息学分析表明:CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST蛋白都是亲水的、都可能是一种潜在的跨膜蛋白。同时都存在着calpain家族的催化结构域和共同特征。CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3蛋白的氨基酸序列与其它物种的同源性较高,CAST蛋白的氨基酸序列与其它物种的同源性较低。
以地方品种四川山地乌骨鸡、藏鸡和培育优质鸡“大恒”S01系为试验材料,采用SYBR greenⅠ定量PCR分析CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因在1日龄和70日龄两个时间点品种间的表达差异,同时分析了四川山地乌骨鸡出生后1d、14d、28d、42d、56d、70d和84日龄等7个时间点CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因的组织表达差异和同一组织在不同时间点的发育性变化,以及CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST表达量的发育性变化同肌内脂肪含量、活重和冠重等三个表型性状累积生长值之间的关系。分析结果表明:除CAST基因在藏鸡的腺胃和肌胃组织外,CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因在同一组织中藏鸡和S01品系中基因表达量高于山地乌骨鸡。由此推测,CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因表达量与鸡的品种有关;CAPN1、CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因在四川山地乌骨鸡出生后的各个阶段都有表达,并且在不同阶段各有优势表达组织。胸肌和腿肌中CAPN1基因表达量的发育性变化与活重的累积生长值成显著地正相关,肌肉组织中CAPN2、CAPN3和CAST基因表达量的发育性变化与活重的累积生长值无显著地相关,但CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因在胸肌组织中都有表达的优势时间点。CAPN1基因在胸肌组织中表达规律在不同时间点总体呈上升的趋势,CAST基因在胸肌中表达量总体呈下降趋势,CAPN3基因在胸肌组织中表达规律总体呈先升后降的趋势。这与CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因在肌肉生长发育过程中理论表达量的规律很相似。胸肌组织中CAPN1分别与CAST和CAPN3表达量比值变化随机体的生长发育呈先升后降再升的趋势。由此推测,CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因表达量可能与鸡肌纤维的生长发育紧密相关,它们在鸡肌肉蛋白代谢中发挥重要调控作用。
以地方品种广东惠阳胡须鸡、封开杏花鸡、清远麻鸡、广西霞烟鸡和四川大恒优质鸡8个品系等12个品系或品种。共310个个体为试验材料,采用测序和PCR-SSCP的技术设计引物,扫描CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因外显子序列和邻近内含子序列。结果显示:在CAPN1基因中检测到4个单核苷酸突变位点,分别位于外显子5、外显子6、外显子16和3'非编码区。具体为2546位(SNP1)由C→T(反向测序),3535位(SNP2)由G→A,7198位(SNP3)由C→A和9950位(SNP4)由G→A(GenBank NO:NC_006090.1)。4个SNP位点构成16种单倍型,其中单倍型H1(C-G-C-G)、H2(C-G-C-A)和H5(C-A-C-G)为优势单倍型。CAPN1基因单倍型与12个品系或品种的屠宰性状关联分析结果显示:单倍型组合对活重、屠体重、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌重和腿肌率的遗传效应达到显著水平(P＜0.05)。单倍型H1(C-G-C-G)对肌肉生长有负面效应,单倍型H9(T-G-C-G)和H13(T-A-C-G)对肌肉生长有正向效应。
在CAPN3基因中检测到2个单核苷酸突变位点,分别位于内含子8和外显子10。具体为11818位(SNP1)由T→A,12814位(SNP2)由T→G(GenBank NO:NC_006092.2)。2个SNP位点构成4种单倍型,其中单倍型H1(T-G)、H2(T-T)、H3(A-G)和H4(A-T)均为优势单倍型。CAPN3基因单倍型与12个品系或品种的屠宰性状关联分析结果显示:单倍型组合对半净膛率、胸肌率和腹脂重有显著地遗传效应。单倍型H1(T-G)对肌肉增长有负面效应,单倍型H2(T-T)对肌肉增长有正向效应,对腹脂重有负面效应。
在CAST基因中检测到3个单核苷酸突变位点,分别位于外显子8、外显子11和内含子11。具体为36127位(SNP1)由T→C,37752位(SNP2)由A→T,37868位(SNP3)由G→A(GenBank NO:NC_006127.2)。3个SNP位点构成8种单倍型,其中单倍型H1(T-A-G)、H2(T-A-A)、H3(T-T-G)和H4(T-T-A)为优势单倍型。CAST基因单倍型与12个品系或品种的屠宰性状关联分析结果显示:单倍型组合对活重、屠体重、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌重、胸肌率、腿肌重和腿肌率有显著地遗传效应。单倍型H3(T-T-G)对肌肉生长发育有正面效应,单倍型H5(C-A-G)和H6(C-A-A)对肌肉生长发育有负向效应。由此推测CAPN1、CAPN3和CAST基因可能是影响鸡屠宰性状的主效基因。
单突变位点与肉质性状关联分析结果显示:CAPN1基因对剪切力和失水率有显著影响,CAPN3基因对失水率有显著影响,CAST基因对肌苷酸含量有显著影响。三基因突变位点对肉质性能的遗传效应需要进一步研究验证。
The calpain system is ubiquitous in cells which mainly including calpain and calpastatin. Calpains(CAPN) are intracellular cysteine proteases activated in a Ca~(2+)-dependent manner and are involved in a variety of cellular processes,and play a key role in muscle protein degradation in living tissue and in postmortem tenderization.Calpastatin(CAST) is a specific,endogenous inhibitor of the calpains activated by Ca~(2+) inhibiting both forms of calpains(low calcium-requiring form called u-calpain and a high calcium-requiring form called m-calpain),and inhibits the decomposability of protein in muscle and reduces the growth speed of muscle cell.Meanwhile,it can inhibit the activity of calpain and depress the hydrolyzation of protein after slaughter.Researches showed that the calpain system gene taken part in the renovation of protein during muscle growth.And it has been found that calpain system gene was associated with muscle growth and meat tenderness in livestock.
In this research,Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chickens were used.We successfully obtained the coding sequence of CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene. GenBank assigned them accession numbers FJ232589,FJ232590,FJ497056 and FJ232592, respectively.Based on these four cDNA sequences,four amino acid sequences were obtained,their lengths were 705aa,700aa,810aa and 768aa.We found CAPN1,CAPN2, CAPN3 and CAST protein maybe a drophilic and transmembrane protein,respectively. Meanwhile,they were of catalysis domain and common characteristic for calpain family. The chicken CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 amino acid sequences had high identity with that of other animal by bioinformative analysis,but CAST was opposite.
Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chicken,Tibetan chicken and line S01 of Dahen chicken were used.We adopted the real-time PCR(SYBR greenⅠ) method to test the expression quantity of CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene in the breeds mentioned above at the first day and the 70th day after birth.And we also tested the expression quantity of CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene in different tissues at certain growth point,that in different growth points at certain tissue and had correlation analysis of these relative quantities and traits in Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chicken.The results indicated that CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression in all tissues at all growth points and there was advantageous tissue for gene expression at each growth point. CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression in a certain tissue was different in different breeds.The CAPN1,CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression in each tissue in Tibetan chicken and line S01 was higher than that of Sichuan Mountainous Black-Bone chicken except for CAST gene expression in Glandular and Muscular stomach in Tibetan. The results also indicated that the developmental change of CAPN1 gene expression quantity in breast muscle and leg muscle was positively related with the cumulative values of living weight(P<0.05),and the developmental change of CAPN2,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression quantity in breast muscle and leg muscle were not related with the cumulative values of living weight(P>0.05),but there was also advantageous growth point in breast muscle tissue for CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression.The expression level of CAPN1 gene in breast muscle had "rise" trend in total,CAST gene was opposite, and CAPN3 gene had "rise-decline" trend in total.It was similar with the theoretical expression of CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene.Study on the ratio of the expression quantity of CAPN1 gene to CAST and CAPN3 gene along with the growth points in Sichuan Mountainous Black-bone chicken discovered that the ratio in breast muscle increased firstly,then deceased and increased in last,respectively.It was concluded that the developmental change of CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene expression quantity were tightly correlated with the development change of muscle growth,and them may have key role in turns in control chicken muscle protein metabolism.
In this study,Dahen high-quality chicken in Sichuan province,Huxu chicken, Xinghua chicken,Qingyuan ma chicken,Xiayang chicken in Guangxi province,totally 310 samples were used.We screened all the extrons and part of intron sequences of CAPNI gene and four single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained.They were located in the 5th exon,the 6th exon,the 16th exon and 3'-untraslated region.SNP1(C/T) was at position 2546nt,SNP2(G/A) was at position 3535nt,SNP3(C/A) was at position 7198nt and SNP4(G/A) was at position 9950nt(GenBank Accession NO:NC_006090.1).All the SNPs detected in the current study were novel and synonymous SNPs.Sixteen halplotypes were constructed from the 4 SNPs.Three main haplotypes were found including H1 (C-G-C-G),H2(C-G-C-A)and H5(C-A-C-G).The effect of halplotype on carcass traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that halplotype had significant genetic effect on living weight,carcass weight,semi-eviscerated percentage,the percentage of breast muscle,leg muscle weight and the percentage of leg muscle(P<0.05).H1 had a negative effect on muscle growth,H9(T-G-C-G) and H13(T-A-C-G) had a positive effect on muscle growth.
We screened all the extrons and part of intron sequences of CAPN3 gene and two single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained.They were located in the 8th intron and 10th exon.SNP1(T/A) was at position 11818nt and SNP2(T/G) was at position 12814nt(GenBank Accession NO:NC_006092.2).All the SNPs detected in the current study were novel and synonymous SNPs.Four halplotypes were constructed from the 2 SNPs and four haplotypes ineluding H1(T-G),H2(T-T),H3(A-G) and H4(A-T) were accounted for 100%of all the observations.The effect of halplotype on carcass traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that halplotype had significant genetic effect on semi-eviscerated percentage,the percentage of breast muscle and abdominal fat weight (P<0.05).Haplotype H1(T-G) had a negative effect on muscle growth,Haplotype H2 (T-T) had a positive effect on muscle growth and had a negative effect on abdominal fat weight.
We screened all the extrons and part of intron sequences of CAST gene and three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) were obtained.They were located in the 8th exon, 11th exon and 11th intron.SNP1(T/C) was at position 36127nt,SNP2(A/T) was at position 37752nt and SNP3(G/A) was at position 37868nt(GenBank Accession NO: NC_006127.2).All the SNPs detected in the current study were novel and synonymous SNPs.Eight halplotypes were constructed from the 3 SNPs.Four main haplotypes were found including H1(T-A-G),H2(T-A-A),H3(T-T-G) and H4(T-T-A).The effect of halplotype on carcass traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that halplotype had significant genetic effect on living weight,carcass weight,semi-eviscerated percentage,eviscerated percentage,breast muscle weight,leg muscle weight,the percentage of breast muscle and the percentage of leg muscle(P<0.05).H3 had a positive effect on muscle growth,H5(C-A-G) and H6(C-A-A) had a negative effect on muscle growth.So it was concluded that the CAPN1,CAPN3 and CAST gene may be three major gene affecting carcass traits of chicken or it is linked with the major gene.
The effect of single locus on meat quality traits in chickens were analyzed,the results showed that CAPN1 gene had significant genetic effect on warner-bratzler shear force and water depletion rate,CAPN3 gene had significant genetic effect on water depletion rate and CAST gene had significant genetic effect on inosine monophosphate(P<0.05).So further it is essential to confirm the association between the alleles or haplotypes of CAPN1, CAPN3 and CAST polymorphisms and carcass and meat quality traits in chicken.
引文
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