智能家居无线监控与节能管理系统研究
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摘要
随着人民生活水平的提高促进了人们对居住环境的舒适度、安全度与智能化程度的进一步需求,同时建筑能耗水平也随之提升。我国建筑能耗占到社会总能耗的三分之一,其中有四分之一为城镇住宅耗能。住宅耗能占到全年总能耗的12%,预计到2020年将有50%的能耗消耗在建筑用能上。我国“十一五”规划号召建设“资源节约型、环境友好型”社会,节能减排已成为实现绿色建筑、保护环境的一项重要的系统工程。建筑能耗比例逐年递增,以智能家居为平台建立节能型住宅实现节能降耗、保护环境。
针对上述问题,本文以家居为平台,利用嵌入式技术作为智能家庭网关,结合智能控制算法实现一种节能型住宅。无线通信技术与传感器网络组成低功耗的无线传感器数据采集网络。嵌入式家庭网关内外网数据通信,利用Internet、GPRS、3G实现远程数据传输,实现智能化节能管理。以信息技术克服能源浪费,达到智能家居的节能与舒适。
本系统由检测系统、智能与节能控制系统、远程控制管理系统三个子系统构成。系统以智能家居系统中的耗能设备为研究对象,利用ZigBee无线传感器网络采集影响能耗变化的室内环境参数,并将信息送入具有智能与节能控制功能的家庭网关,运用模糊神经网络算法分析处理数据,根据环境参数变化判断系统节能状态。家庭网关在嵌入式平台上移植了微型的Web服务器,利用嵌入式CGI技术编写了静态节能管理主页和动态CGI接口程序,用户通过登录Web页面查询水电气三表的实时能耗数据以及家庭内部耗能设备的状态,对耗能设备及时进行远程节能控制管理,使智能家居真正的成为节能家居。
With the improvement of living standards for people living environment for the comfort, safety, and further demand for intelligence, while also increasing the level of building energy consumption.China's building energy consumption accounts for one third of the total energy consumption society, of which a quarter of urban residential energy consumption.Total annual energy consumption in China there is 12% residential energy consumption, it is estimated that by 2020 there will be 50% of the energy consumption in the building can get in.China's "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" called for building "a resource-saving and environment-friendly" society, to achieve energy conservation has become a green building, environmental protection is an important system engineering.The proportion of building energy consumption has increased, the smart home as a platform to build energy-efficient housing to achieve energy saving and environmental protection.
For these problems, the use of home as a platform for the intelligent home gateway embedded technology, combined with intelligent control algorithm to achieve a energy-efficient homes. Wireless communication technology and sensor network composed of low-power wireless sensor data acquisition network. Embedded data communication network within and outside the home gateway, using Internet, GPRS, 3G data transmission for remote intelligent energy management. Information technology to overcome the energy waste, to intelligent energy-saving and comfortable home.
The Energy-saving management system consists of detection systems, intelligent control systems and energy saving, remote control and management system of three subsystems.Energy-saving management system to the smart home energy consumption of the equipment for research object,using ZigBee wireless sensor network collection of indoor environment changes affect energy consumption parameters,and information with intelligence and energy into the home gateway control function, the use of fuzzy neural network algorithm analysis and processing of data, according to environmental parameters change judgment system energy saving state.Home gateway platform in the embedded Web server tiny transplant, the use of CGI technology has prepared the embedded static and dynamicCGI page administration of energy conservation program,users through the login interface Web page inquires real-time water and electricity consumption data as well as within the family energy-consuming equipment of the state, energy saving control device for remote management in a timely manner, so that a truly smart home energy efficiency home.
针对上述问题,本文以家居为平台,利用嵌入式技术作为智能家庭网关,结合智能控制算法实现一种节能型住宅。无线通信技术与传感器网络组成低功耗的无线传感器数据采集网络。嵌入式家庭网关内外网数据通信,利用Internet、GPRS、3G实现远程数据传输,实现智能化节能管理。以信息技术克服能源浪费,达到智能家居的节能与舒适。
本系统由检测系统、智能与节能控制系统、远程控制管理系统三个子系统构成。系统以智能家居系统中的耗能设备为研究对象,利用ZigBee无线传感器网络采集影响能耗变化的室内环境参数,并将信息送入具有智能与节能控制功能的家庭网关,运用模糊神经网络算法分析处理数据,根据环境参数变化判断系统节能状态。家庭网关在嵌入式平台上移植了微型的Web服务器,利用嵌入式CGI技术编写了静态节能管理主页和动态CGI接口程序,用户通过登录Web页面查询水电气三表的实时能耗数据以及家庭内部耗能设备的状态,对耗能设备及时进行远程节能控制管理,使智能家居真正的成为节能家居。
With the improvement of living standards for people living environment for the comfort, safety, and further demand for intelligence, while also increasing the level of building energy consumption.China's building energy consumption accounts for one third of the total energy consumption society, of which a quarter of urban residential energy consumption.Total annual energy consumption in China there is 12% residential energy consumption, it is estimated that by 2020 there will be 50% of the energy consumption in the building can get in.China's "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" called for building "a resource-saving and environment-friendly" society, to achieve energy conservation has become a green building, environmental protection is an important system engineering.The proportion of building energy consumption has increased, the smart home as a platform to build energy-efficient housing to achieve energy saving and environmental protection.
For these problems, the use of home as a platform for the intelligent home gateway embedded technology, combined with intelligent control algorithm to achieve a energy-efficient homes. Wireless communication technology and sensor network composed of low-power wireless sensor data acquisition network. Embedded data communication network within and outside the home gateway, using Internet, GPRS, 3G data transmission for remote intelligent energy management. Information technology to overcome the energy waste, to intelligent energy-saving and comfortable home.
The Energy-saving management system consists of detection systems, intelligent control systems and energy saving, remote control and management system of three subsystems.Energy-saving management system to the smart home energy consumption of the equipment for research object,using ZigBee wireless sensor network collection of indoor environment changes affect energy consumption parameters,and information with intelligence and energy into the home gateway control function, the use of fuzzy neural network algorithm analysis and processing of data, according to environmental parameters change judgment system energy saving state.Home gateway platform in the embedded Web server tiny transplant, the use of CGI technology has prepared the embedded static and dynamicCGI page administration of energy conservation program,users through the login interface Web page inquires real-time water and electricity consumption data as well as within the family energy-consuming equipment of the state, energy saving control device for remote management in a timely manner, so that a truly smart home energy efficiency home.
引文
[1]陶利杰.基于专家系统的智能家居节能控制系统研究[D].西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文,2010.05
[2] 2002.123G接入平台——TD—SCDMA接入实验指导书[D].南京东大移动互联技术有限公司
[3]李文忠,段朝玉.ZigBee无线网络技术入门与实践[M].北京航空大学出版社,2002
[4]梁翼,于军琪.无线家庭网络的网关设计[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)第36卷第4期2004.12
[5]于军琪,任庆昌.智能家庭的一种新型网关设计[J].智能建筑,2004.01
[6]韩江洪,张建军,张利,魏振春,魏臻.智能家居系统与技术[M].合肥;合肥工业大学出版社.2005;10-35
[7]杨灿;基于嵌入式技术的智能家居监控系统的研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2010.05
[8]杨士元.智能家庭网络技术及其应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[9]杨庚.ZigBee无线传感器网络的研究与实现[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[10]冯平鸽,冯琳,魏振春.Zigbee技术在家庭网络中应用的一种网络模型[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(6);43-47
[11]李亚锋.ARM嵌入式Linux设备驱动实例开发[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2007
[12]李士勇.模糊控制,神经控制和智能控制论[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1996
[13]姜长生,王从庆,魏海坤,陈谋.智能控制与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001.33-42
[14]张化光,孟祥萍等.智能控制基础理论及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.02
[15]张德丰.MATLAB神经网络应用设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.01
[16]龚明,王毅.远程数据传输的研究[J].现代电子技术,2005,5;19-21
[17]雷小俊.基于嵌入式技术的家庭网关的研究与实现[D].大连理工大学,2005
[18]黄布毅,刘国梅,郑安平.嵌入式家庭网络中央控制器的开发[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),第19卷第2期2004.05
[19]沈连丰.嵌入式系统及其开发应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2005.01
[20]刘盛德,胡咸斌. ZigBee技术基础及案例分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008.
[21]郑娴,姚铭.智能家庭网络的研究现状与发展趋势[J].智能建筑与城市信息,2006.08
[22]徐宏喆.蓝点Linux 2.0融会贯通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2001.06
[23]周洪,胡文山,张立明,卢亦众.智能家居控制系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006;5-10
[24]蔡奇玉.CGI编程指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1997.05.01
[25]孙利民,李建中等.无线传感器网络[M].清华大学出版社,2005
[26]丁飞,张西良,张世庆.基于ZigBee的无线通信技术及其应用[J].江苏通信技术,2006.张炜.VisualC++.NET程序设计与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[27]吴明晖,徐睿,黄健等.基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[28]王士同.模糊系统、模糊神经网络及应用程序设计[M].上海科学技术文献出版社,1998.12
[29]杨柳.基于ZigBee的无线传感器环境监测网络设计[D].上海交通大学,2008
[30] http://www.alephl.co.uk/armlinux/book/bookl.html,Guide to ARM Linux
[31] G.Lawton New Technologies Take the Network Home [J]. IEEE Computer, 1999(3);11-14
[32] Dongqing Feng,Lingjiao Dnog,Gneetic Algorithm Desing of Neuarl Network and Fuzzy Logic Conrtollers,Sotf Computing Springer Verlga[J]. 2000(4),18-6192
[33]周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用[M].国防工业出版社,1999.6
[34]王磊,邵时.信息家电网络技术[M].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002.5
[35]韦巍.智能控制技术的研究现状和展望[J].机电工程,2004年第6期
[36]王振雷.模糊神经网络理论及其在复杂系统中的应用研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2002
[37]房振勇等.改进BP算法在模糊神经网络中的应用[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2007年第11期
[38]孙发东.基于模糊神经网络的自适应控制研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2005:13.4
[39]闻新等.MATLAB模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2001.112-128.
[40]李翔等.从复杂到有序神经网络智能控制理论与发展[M].上海交通大学出版社,2006.4
[41]王国全.基于DTMF和Internet的智能家居的实现[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕论文,2004:21-25
[42] Shao Liangshan,Fu Hua.The Technique of Mine Gas Monitoring Based on Multi-Sensor
[43] Information Fusion[J],SAFE 2005,First International Conference on Safety and Security Engineering,Rome,Italy,2005
[44] Yu Junqi etc. Control Technology in Intelligent Building and Energy Saving[J].首届西安国际建筑科技大会论文集,2006.09
[45] Lee Chi-Tai,etc.An application-oriented Linux kernel customization for embeddedsystems[J]. Taiwan:Journal of Information Science and Engineering, 2004,20(6): 1093-1097
[46] Aura Ganz, Anan Phonphoem and Kitti Wongthavarawat, Multimedia friendly home wireless LANs, Telematics and Informatics[D], Volume 18, Issues 2-3, May-December 2001, Pages 195-209
[47] mkChris Fitzsimmons.Controlling influence[J].INAVATE.2007.APR:16-20
[48] Y.T Hou,S Yi,P Jianping.Maximizing the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks through Optimal Single-Session Flow Routing[J]. Mobile Computing, 2006, 5(09):1255-1266.
[49]崔娟.嵌入式超低功耗无线传感器网络的研究[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士论文,2009.3
[50] Lan Zhang.Information Fusion Based Smart Home Control System[C],University of Calgary,January,2007.
[51] Susanne Iwarsson.Changes in accessibility and usability in housing: An exploration of the housing adaptation process[C], Lund University,Sweden,2005
[52] IAR Embedded Workbench User Manual [OL]. http://www.iar.com
[53]魏平,夏良正等.Linux体系结构及嵌入式Linux的移植方法[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),第13卷第8期2005.09
[2] 2002.123G接入平台——TD—SCDMA接入实验指导书[D].南京东大移动互联技术有限公司
[3]李文忠,段朝玉.ZigBee无线网络技术入门与实践[M].北京航空大学出版社,2002
[4]梁翼,于军琪.无线家庭网络的网关设计[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版)第36卷第4期2004.12
[5]于军琪,任庆昌.智能家庭的一种新型网关设计[J].智能建筑,2004.01
[6]韩江洪,张建军,张利,魏振春,魏臻.智能家居系统与技术[M].合肥;合肥工业大学出版社.2005;10-35
[7]杨灿;基于嵌入式技术的智能家居监控系统的研究[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2010.05
[8]杨士元.智能家庭网络技术及其应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[9]杨庚.ZigBee无线传感器网络的研究与实现[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[10]冯平鸽,冯琳,魏振春.Zigbee技术在家庭网络中应用的一种网络模型[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(6);43-47
[11]李亚锋.ARM嵌入式Linux设备驱动实例开发[M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2007
[12]李士勇.模糊控制,神经控制和智能控制论[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1996
[13]姜长生,王从庆,魏海坤,陈谋.智能控制与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001.33-42
[14]张化光,孟祥萍等.智能控制基础理论及应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.02
[15]张德丰.MATLAB神经网络应用设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2009.01
[16]龚明,王毅.远程数据传输的研究[J].现代电子技术,2005,5;19-21
[17]雷小俊.基于嵌入式技术的家庭网关的研究与实现[D].大连理工大学,2005
[18]黄布毅,刘国梅,郑安平.嵌入式家庭网络中央控制器的开发[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),第19卷第2期2004.05
[19]沈连丰.嵌入式系统及其开发应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2005.01
[20]刘盛德,胡咸斌. ZigBee技术基础及案例分析[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008.
[21]郑娴,姚铭.智能家庭网络的研究现状与发展趋势[J].智能建筑与城市信息,2006.08
[22]徐宏喆.蓝点Linux 2.0融会贯通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2001.06
[23]周洪,胡文山,张立明,卢亦众.智能家居控制系统[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006;5-10
[24]蔡奇玉.CGI编程指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1997.05.01
[25]孙利民,李建中等.无线传感器网络[M].清华大学出版社,2005
[26]丁飞,张西良,张世庆.基于ZigBee的无线通信技术及其应用[J].江苏通信技术,2006.张炜.VisualC++.NET程序设计与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[27]吴明晖,徐睿,黄健等.基于ARM的嵌入式系统开发与应用[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2004
[28]王士同.模糊系统、模糊神经网络及应用程序设计[M].上海科学技术文献出版社,1998.12
[29]杨柳.基于ZigBee的无线传感器环境监测网络设计[D].上海交通大学,2008
[30] http://www.alephl.co.uk/armlinux/book/bookl.html,Guide to ARM Linux
[31] G.Lawton New Technologies Take the Network Home [J]. IEEE Computer, 1999(3);11-14
[32] Dongqing Feng,Lingjiao Dnog,Gneetic Algorithm Desing of Neuarl Network and Fuzzy Logic Conrtollers,Sotf Computing Springer Verlga[J]. 2000(4),18-6192
[33]周明,孙树栋.遗传算法原理及应用[M].国防工业出版社,1999.6
[34]王磊,邵时.信息家电网络技术[M].单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002.5
[35]韦巍.智能控制技术的研究现状和展望[J].机电工程,2004年第6期
[36]王振雷.模糊神经网络理论及其在复杂系统中的应用研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2002
[37]房振勇等.改进BP算法在模糊神经网络中的应用[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2007年第11期
[38]孙发东.基于模糊神经网络的自适应控制研究[D].西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2005:13.4
[39]闻新等.MATLAB模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与应用[M].北京:科学出版社, 2001.112-128.
[40]李翔等.从复杂到有序神经网络智能控制理论与发展[M].上海交通大学出版社,2006.4
[41]王国全.基于DTMF和Internet的智能家居的实现[D].哈尔滨工业大学硕论文,2004:21-25
[42] Shao Liangshan,Fu Hua.The Technique of Mine Gas Monitoring Based on Multi-Sensor
[43] Information Fusion[J],SAFE 2005,First International Conference on Safety and Security Engineering,Rome,Italy,2005
[44] Yu Junqi etc. Control Technology in Intelligent Building and Energy Saving[J].首届西安国际建筑科技大会论文集,2006.09
[45] Lee Chi-Tai,etc.An application-oriented Linux kernel customization for embeddedsystems[J]. Taiwan:Journal of Information Science and Engineering, 2004,20(6): 1093-1097
[46] Aura Ganz, Anan Phonphoem and Kitti Wongthavarawat, Multimedia friendly home wireless LANs, Telematics and Informatics[D], Volume 18, Issues 2-3, May-December 2001, Pages 195-209
[47] mkChris Fitzsimmons.Controlling influence[J].INAVATE.2007.APR:16-20
[48] Y.T Hou,S Yi,P Jianping.Maximizing the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks through Optimal Single-Session Flow Routing[J]. Mobile Computing, 2006, 5(09):1255-1266.
[49]崔娟.嵌入式超低功耗无线传感器网络的研究[D].哈尔滨理工大学硕士论文,2009.3
[50] Lan Zhang.Information Fusion Based Smart Home Control System[C],University of Calgary,January,2007.
[51] Susanne Iwarsson.Changes in accessibility and usability in housing: An exploration of the housing adaptation process[C], Lund University,Sweden,2005
[52] IAR Embedded Workbench User Manual [OL]. http://www.iar.com
[53]魏平,夏良正等.Linux体系结构及嵌入式Linux的移植方法[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),第13卷第8期2005.09