活性炭吸附去除饮用水源中微量石油类污染物的试验研究
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摘要
以饮用水源中微量石油类污染物的吸附处理为研究对象,对活性炭吸附法去除饮用水源中微量石油类污染进行试验研究。在实际应用中,粉末活性炭的投加是在沉淀池中,而粒状活性炭是作为吸附柱对水中微量石油类进行吸附的。因此本试验研究分别研究粉末活性炭静态间歇式吸附试验和粒状活性炭连续式吸附试验两个部分。
粉末活性炭吸附饮用水源中微量石油类污染物的研究采用烧杯试验,研究表明,试验中使用的粉末活性炭对油类的吸附过程能很好的Langmuir吸附等温线进行描述,并得到试验温度为15℃时相应的吸附等温公式(?)。同时研究对粉末活性炭吸附效果产生影响的因素,结果显示,当活性炭投加量达到12mg/L时,水中油类去除率可以达到90%以上；当吸附达到6h时,水中吸附基本达到平衡,去除率不再降低；且水中油类的去除率随着试验温度的升高略有下降。
粒状活性炭吸附柱试验表明,滤速越大,活性炭吸附柱对水中油的处理效率越低；进水中的油流经的柱中越长,被吸附量就越大,出水油含量也越低。因此,在实际水处理中,吸附柱长与滤速为主要影响因素,滤速越低,水样与活性炭的接触时间越长,则吸附效率越高；吸附柱越长,则吸附效率越高。
计算吸附柱内粒状活性炭对机油的吸附量,与其吸附饱和量进行对比,结果表明,在4m/h、6m/h、8m/h三种滤速下,吸附柱内粒状活性炭对机油的吸附量为其吸附饱和量的20%-30%,柱内活性炭的利用率较低。要提高活性炭的利用率,则需要降低滤速,增加水样与活性炭接触时间。
Take the adsorption treatment of trace oil pollution in drinking water source as object, study on adsorption removal of trace oil pollution in drinking water source by activated carbon. In practice, the powder activated carbon was added in the sedimentation tank, and the granular activated carbon used as an adsorption column. Therefore, the experiment is divided into static intermittent test with powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon adsorption continuous assay test two parts.
The powdered activated carbon adsorption tests were done in the beaker, the results showed that the powdered activated carbon used in experiments on the oil go well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and its adsorption isotherm equation when temperature is 15℃in the experiments is(?). The affecting factors of powdered activated carbon purification were investigated, the results showed that when the activated carbon dosage to 12 mg/L, the water of oil removal efficiency can reach 90%; when adsorbed to 6 h, the water adsorption equilibrium was achieved, the removal rate will not decrease; and the removal efficiency of oil in water decreased slightly with the experimental temperature growth.
Granular activated carbon adsorption column experiment showed that when the velocity is rising the treatment efficiency of the oil by activated carbon in the column is decreasing; the oil in the raw water flow through the column longer the oil be attracted is larger and the oil in the adsorbed water is lower. Therefore, in the actual water treatment, the adsorption column length and the filtration rate are the main factors. The lower filtration rate make the longer time between the water and the activated carbon, then the adsorption efficiency is higher; the adsorption column is longer, the adsorption efficiency is higher.
To Calculate the adsorption capacity of the oil by the granular activated carbon adsorption in the column, and compared with the absorption saturation capacity. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon in the column is about 20-30 percent of the absorption saturation capacity at the filtration velocity of 4m/h、6 m/h and 8 m/h. The utilization of the granular activated carbon is lower. To improve the utilization of activated carbon, the filtration rate should be reduced and the touched time between the activated carbon and the water should be increased.
粉末活性炭吸附饮用水源中微量石油类污染物的研究采用烧杯试验,研究表明,试验中使用的粉末活性炭对油类的吸附过程能很好的Langmuir吸附等温线进行描述,并得到试验温度为15℃时相应的吸附等温公式(?)。同时研究对粉末活性炭吸附效果产生影响的因素,结果显示,当活性炭投加量达到12mg/L时,水中油类去除率可以达到90%以上；当吸附达到6h时,水中吸附基本达到平衡,去除率不再降低；且水中油类的去除率随着试验温度的升高略有下降。
粒状活性炭吸附柱试验表明,滤速越大,活性炭吸附柱对水中油的处理效率越低；进水中的油流经的柱中越长,被吸附量就越大,出水油含量也越低。因此,在实际水处理中,吸附柱长与滤速为主要影响因素,滤速越低,水样与活性炭的接触时间越长,则吸附效率越高；吸附柱越长,则吸附效率越高。
计算吸附柱内粒状活性炭对机油的吸附量,与其吸附饱和量进行对比,结果表明,在4m/h、6m/h、8m/h三种滤速下,吸附柱内粒状活性炭对机油的吸附量为其吸附饱和量的20%-30%,柱内活性炭的利用率较低。要提高活性炭的利用率,则需要降低滤速,增加水样与活性炭接触时间。
Take the adsorption treatment of trace oil pollution in drinking water source as object, study on adsorption removal of trace oil pollution in drinking water source by activated carbon. In practice, the powder activated carbon was added in the sedimentation tank, and the granular activated carbon used as an adsorption column. Therefore, the experiment is divided into static intermittent test with powdered activated carbon and granular activated carbon adsorption continuous assay test two parts.
The powdered activated carbon adsorption tests were done in the beaker, the results showed that the powdered activated carbon used in experiments on the oil go well with Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and its adsorption isotherm equation when temperature is 15℃in the experiments is(?). The affecting factors of powdered activated carbon purification were investigated, the results showed that when the activated carbon dosage to 12 mg/L, the water of oil removal efficiency can reach 90%; when adsorbed to 6 h, the water adsorption equilibrium was achieved, the removal rate will not decrease; and the removal efficiency of oil in water decreased slightly with the experimental temperature growth.
Granular activated carbon adsorption column experiment showed that when the velocity is rising the treatment efficiency of the oil by activated carbon in the column is decreasing; the oil in the raw water flow through the column longer the oil be attracted is larger and the oil in the adsorbed water is lower. Therefore, in the actual water treatment, the adsorption column length and the filtration rate are the main factors. The lower filtration rate make the longer time between the water and the activated carbon, then the adsorption efficiency is higher; the adsorption column is longer, the adsorption efficiency is higher.
To Calculate the adsorption capacity of the oil by the granular activated carbon adsorption in the column, and compared with the absorption saturation capacity. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the granular activated carbon in the column is about 20-30 percent of the absorption saturation capacity at the filtration velocity of 4m/h、6 m/h and 8 m/h. The utilization of the granular activated carbon is lower. To improve the utilization of activated carbon, the filtration rate should be reduced and the touched time between the activated carbon and the water should be increased.
引文
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