OKP企业的供应商评估中DEA与ANN的集成及实现
摘要
单件生产制造模式(one-of-a-kind production,OKP)是完全根据用户订单要求进行单件产品生产的一种用户驱动制造模式的极端情况。为了能在较短的交货期内提供符合客户需求的定制产品,OKP企业必须具备面向市场需求的快速响应能力、柔性的生产制造能力和供应链动态协调能力,其在供应商的评估选择中也必然更为重视供应商的生产柔性、交付及时性与可靠性。另外,面对个性化的紧急订单,如何从众多候选供应商中快速选择合适的合作伙伴,也是OKP企业提高市场响应速度和降低采购成本时需要解决的一大难题。
对于OKP企业的供应商评估问题,本文主要研究工作如下:
(1)讨论了OKP企业的特点,分析了其选择供应商的意义、特殊性和基本方法,构建了OKP企业的供应商评价指标体系;
(2)阐述了将数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)方法应用于供应商评估的原因,基于OKP企业的特点构建了一个带有偏好约束锥的DEA模型,并通过计算候选供应商的交叉效率值对各个供应商进行排序。
(3)以供应商的交叉效率值和分类信息为输入数据,对选定的人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)模型进行训练和学习,实现新的供应商的分类评估,并应用实例数据验证了该集成模型的有效性和可行性。
综上,本文根据OKP企业的特征和实际需要,建立与之相适应的供应商评价指标体系,并将带有偏好锥的DEA模型与ANN相结合,依托系统分析和人工智能开发了一个具有较高自动化和智能化水平的用于供应商评价和选择的集成模型,为OKP企业快速选择合适的供应商提供了一个有效方法。
One-of-a-kind production model is the extreme condition which entirely based on customers' orders with one-of-a-kind. In order to provide customized products in a short lead time, OKP enterprise needs to have a flexible manufacturing system, a dynamic and coordinated supply chain and a rapid response to the market demands. As to its vendor selection, OKP enterprise will surely take more attention to suppliers' production flexibility, lead time and reliability of delivery. Thus, how to choose the appropriate one between lots of suppliers quickly is also a problem, for OKP enterprise needs to take a rapid response to urgent customized orders.
The main research works are as follows:
(1) Discuss the characters of OKP enterprise, together with the significance, principles, basic methods and particularity of its vendor selection.
(2) Discuss the advantages of DEA which will be applied on the supplier evaluation, develop a DEA model with preference restraint cone based on OKP enterprise, get the cross-efficiencies of every candidate through cross-appraise, so we can list them in order or efficiency.
(3) Develop a vendor selection integrated model which combines a preference restraint cone DEA with an ANN model. In this integrated model, we utilize the cross-efficiencies of suppliers and given classification information as inputs to train the chosen models, and it will be used to classify new vendor candidates with an acceptable error rate. Finally, the given case shows the validity and feasibility of such integrated model used in vendor selection.
In summary, the thesis build a supplier evaluation index system and a vendor selection integrated model for OKP enterprise, which based on a preference restraint cone DEA and an ANN model, to help decision makers to evaluate and select appropriate suppliers quickly.
对于OKP企业的供应商评估问题,本文主要研究工作如下:
(1)讨论了OKP企业的特点,分析了其选择供应商的意义、特殊性和基本方法,构建了OKP企业的供应商评价指标体系;
(2)阐述了将数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)方法应用于供应商评估的原因,基于OKP企业的特点构建了一个带有偏好约束锥的DEA模型,并通过计算候选供应商的交叉效率值对各个供应商进行排序。
(3)以供应商的交叉效率值和分类信息为输入数据,对选定的人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)模型进行训练和学习,实现新的供应商的分类评估,并应用实例数据验证了该集成模型的有效性和可行性。
综上,本文根据OKP企业的特征和实际需要,建立与之相适应的供应商评价指标体系,并将带有偏好锥的DEA模型与ANN相结合,依托系统分析和人工智能开发了一个具有较高自动化和智能化水平的用于供应商评价和选择的集成模型,为OKP企业快速选择合适的供应商提供了一个有效方法。
One-of-a-kind production model is the extreme condition which entirely based on customers' orders with one-of-a-kind. In order to provide customized products in a short lead time, OKP enterprise needs to have a flexible manufacturing system, a dynamic and coordinated supply chain and a rapid response to the market demands. As to its vendor selection, OKP enterprise will surely take more attention to suppliers' production flexibility, lead time and reliability of delivery. Thus, how to choose the appropriate one between lots of suppliers quickly is also a problem, for OKP enterprise needs to take a rapid response to urgent customized orders.
The main research works are as follows:
(1) Discuss the characters of OKP enterprise, together with the significance, principles, basic methods and particularity of its vendor selection.
(2) Discuss the advantages of DEA which will be applied on the supplier evaluation, develop a DEA model with preference restraint cone based on OKP enterprise, get the cross-efficiencies of every candidate through cross-appraise, so we can list them in order or efficiency.
(3) Develop a vendor selection integrated model which combines a preference restraint cone DEA with an ANN model. In this integrated model, we utilize the cross-efficiencies of suppliers and given classification information as inputs to train the chosen models, and it will be used to classify new vendor candidates with an acceptable error rate. Finally, the given case shows the validity and feasibility of such integrated model used in vendor selection.
In summary, the thesis build a supplier evaluation index system and a vendor selection integrated model for OKP enterprise, which based on a preference restraint cone DEA and an ANN model, to help decision makers to evaluate and select appropriate suppliers quickly.
引文
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