烯效唑和抗倒酯对高羊茅坪用及生理指标的影响
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摘要
高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea)因其绿色期长、抗热性强、适应性广而成为包括南京在内的广大过渡地带应用最广泛的草种之一,可用于建植多种草坪绿地,但该草生长快、修剪频率高、越夏难是生产中令人困扰的问题。烯效唑(S3307)和抗倒酯(Trinexapac-ethyl)是两种植物生长调节剂,已有研究证明它们对草坪草的生长均有很好的抑制效果,并且对提高草坪的抗性也有一定的作用。针对这一问题,本文对高羊茅采用不同施用浓度和处理方式的两种药剂进行处理,主要结论如下：
首先,研究了用20mg/L、40mg/L、60mg/L、80mg/L的烯效唑浸种、淋土和喷叶。结果表明：烯效唑浸种处理对高羊茅的分蘖数影响不显著,但具有降低高羊茅生长速度和促进叶片增宽的作用,且随着烯效唑浓度增大作用增强,同时其幼苗见绿期比对照晚7-11天,草坪盖度显著下降；用烯效唑淋土具有降低高羊茅的分蘖数、盖度、草坪生长速度和促进叶片增宽的作用,而且幼苗见绿期比对照晚9-10天；喷叶中,烯效唑处理后高羊茅的生长速度显著低于对照,而对盖度影响并不显著。
其次,研究了用50ul/L、100ul/L、50ul/L、200ul/L四个浓度的抗倒酯浸种,结果表明：抗倒酯不仅能加快种子出苗速度、提高种子出苗率,而且还能抑制高羊茅幼苗生长、增加单株分蘖及提高叶绿素含量,同时还降低了叶片相对电导率,对过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性也有一定影响效果；其中在0-200u1／L浓度范围内,抗倒酯浓度越大,幼苗的生长速度和相对电导率降低效果越显著,单株分蘖的数量和叶绿素含量增加效果也越显著；过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在抗倒酯浓度较低时得到抑制,较高时得到促进,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性则是随抗倒酯浓度增大,其促进效果先增大后降低。
最后,研究了叶面喷施80ul/L、160ul/L、240ul/L、320ul/L、400ul/L的抗倒酯,结果表明：抗倒酯具有降低高羊茅生长速度、增加叶宽和分蘖以及改善表观质量的作用,且浓度越大作用效果越显著,同时抗倒酯还能增加叶绿素含量和叶色值(SPAD),提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,而且还能提高高羊茅根系活力,但抗倒酯却增加了高羊茅体内丙二醛的含量,降低了其抗热性,并且对高羊茅的叶片相对含水量和叶片含水量作用效果也不显著。
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) has become one of the most wide-ranging species in the majority of the transition zone, including Nanjing. Because of its long green, heat resistance, and wide adaptability it can be used for a wide range of green lawn, but the problems of fast-growing and high frequency of pruning were difficult to resolve in production. The experiment was conducted to study the effect of two kinds of growth regulators of uniconazole and trinexapac-ethyl with different methods and concentration on, the turf characters and physiological characters of tall fescue. The results are as follows.
Firstly, uniconazole which is one new type lawn growth retardant has postponed tall fescue growth rate effectively, and the effects of uniconazole(20,40,60,80mg/L) on Tall Fescue was considerably impactful by soaking seeds, spraying on soil and leaves. The results shows that soaking seeds with uniconazole reduced Tall Fescue growth rate, widen leaves and coverage gradually along with the increase of uniconazole concentration, and postpone period of seedlings appearing green later 7-11 days, but had no remarkable effects on its tillers. However, the quantities of tillers and coverage were indistinctively reduced by spraying on soil, which can also reduce the growth rate and widen leaves. The period of seedlings appearing green was postponed later 9-10 days. As same as two above-mentioned methods, growth rate of Tall Fescue was remarkably reduced by spraying on their leaves, too, but its coverage of Tall Fescue was not remarkably affected.
Secondly, this experiment was conducted to study the effect of soaking seeds with trinexapac-ethyl(50,100,150,200ul/L) on tall fescue seeds. The results show that soaking seeds with trinexapac-ethyl improved the seeding emergence speed and the germination rate, reduced tall fescue growth rate, and increase tiller number per plant and chlorophyll content gradually along with the increase of trinexapac-ethyl concentration at 0-200ul/L concentration. At the same time, it also reduced the relative conductivity and have some effects on the activity of CAT and POD. Trinexapac-ethyl inhibited the activity of CAT at low concentrations and promoted the activity of CAT at high concentrations, the promoting effect of trinexapac-ethyl on the activity of POD was reduced gradually.
Finally, trinexapac-ethyl is one new type lawn growth retardant, the effect of spraying on leaves with trinexapac-ethyl(80,160,240,320,400ul/L) on tall fescue was studied. The results shows that spraying on leaves of tall fescue with trinexapac-ethyl reduced its growth rate, increase widen leaves and tillers, and improve apparently quality gradually along with the increase of trinexapac-ethyl concentration to a certian extent. At the same time, trinexapac-ethyl increased chlorophyll content and SPAD, improved the activity of SOD, POD, CAT and root, and it also increased proline content, drought resistance,and MDA content. in addition, it reduced heat resistance, and had no remarkable effect on the relative water content and water content.
首先,研究了用20mg/L、40mg/L、60mg/L、80mg/L的烯效唑浸种、淋土和喷叶。结果表明：烯效唑浸种处理对高羊茅的分蘖数影响不显著,但具有降低高羊茅生长速度和促进叶片增宽的作用,且随着烯效唑浓度增大作用增强,同时其幼苗见绿期比对照晚7-11天,草坪盖度显著下降；用烯效唑淋土具有降低高羊茅的分蘖数、盖度、草坪生长速度和促进叶片增宽的作用,而且幼苗见绿期比对照晚9-10天；喷叶中,烯效唑处理后高羊茅的生长速度显著低于对照,而对盖度影响并不显著。
其次,研究了用50ul/L、100ul/L、50ul/L、200ul/L四个浓度的抗倒酯浸种,结果表明：抗倒酯不仅能加快种子出苗速度、提高种子出苗率,而且还能抑制高羊茅幼苗生长、增加单株分蘖及提高叶绿素含量,同时还降低了叶片相对电导率,对过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性也有一定影响效果；其中在0-200u1／L浓度范围内,抗倒酯浓度越大,幼苗的生长速度和相对电导率降低效果越显著,单株分蘖的数量和叶绿素含量增加效果也越显著；过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性在抗倒酯浓度较低时得到抑制,较高时得到促进,而过氧化物酶(POD)活性则是随抗倒酯浓度增大,其促进效果先增大后降低。
最后,研究了叶面喷施80ul/L、160ul/L、240ul/L、320ul/L、400ul/L的抗倒酯,结果表明：抗倒酯具有降低高羊茅生长速度、增加叶宽和分蘖以及改善表观质量的作用,且浓度越大作用效果越显著,同时抗倒酯还能增加叶绿素含量和叶色值(SPAD),提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,而且还能提高高羊茅根系活力,但抗倒酯却增加了高羊茅体内丙二醛的含量,降低了其抗热性,并且对高羊茅的叶片相对含水量和叶片含水量作用效果也不显著。
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) has become one of the most wide-ranging species in the majority of the transition zone, including Nanjing. Because of its long green, heat resistance, and wide adaptability it can be used for a wide range of green lawn, but the problems of fast-growing and high frequency of pruning were difficult to resolve in production. The experiment was conducted to study the effect of two kinds of growth regulators of uniconazole and trinexapac-ethyl with different methods and concentration on, the turf characters and physiological characters of tall fescue. The results are as follows.
Firstly, uniconazole which is one new type lawn growth retardant has postponed tall fescue growth rate effectively, and the effects of uniconazole(20,40,60,80mg/L) on Tall Fescue was considerably impactful by soaking seeds, spraying on soil and leaves. The results shows that soaking seeds with uniconazole reduced Tall Fescue growth rate, widen leaves and coverage gradually along with the increase of uniconazole concentration, and postpone period of seedlings appearing green later 7-11 days, but had no remarkable effects on its tillers. However, the quantities of tillers and coverage were indistinctively reduced by spraying on soil, which can also reduce the growth rate and widen leaves. The period of seedlings appearing green was postponed later 9-10 days. As same as two above-mentioned methods, growth rate of Tall Fescue was remarkably reduced by spraying on their leaves, too, but its coverage of Tall Fescue was not remarkably affected.
Secondly, this experiment was conducted to study the effect of soaking seeds with trinexapac-ethyl(50,100,150,200ul/L) on tall fescue seeds. The results show that soaking seeds with trinexapac-ethyl improved the seeding emergence speed and the germination rate, reduced tall fescue growth rate, and increase tiller number per plant and chlorophyll content gradually along with the increase of trinexapac-ethyl concentration at 0-200ul/L concentration. At the same time, it also reduced the relative conductivity and have some effects on the activity of CAT and POD. Trinexapac-ethyl inhibited the activity of CAT at low concentrations and promoted the activity of CAT at high concentrations, the promoting effect of trinexapac-ethyl on the activity of POD was reduced gradually.
Finally, trinexapac-ethyl is one new type lawn growth retardant, the effect of spraying on leaves with trinexapac-ethyl(80,160,240,320,400ul/L) on tall fescue was studied. The results shows that spraying on leaves of tall fescue with trinexapac-ethyl reduced its growth rate, increase widen leaves and tillers, and improve apparently quality gradually along with the increase of trinexapac-ethyl concentration to a certian extent. At the same time, trinexapac-ethyl increased chlorophyll content and SPAD, improved the activity of SOD, POD, CAT and root, and it also increased proline content, drought resistance,and MDA content. in addition, it reduced heat resistance, and had no remarkable effect on the relative water content and water content.
引文
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