“天达2116”对西藏青稞生长发育的影响
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摘要
在种子萌发试验中选取了藏青148、藏青690、冬青1号、果洛、喜马拉雅19号、山青24号6个品种,用浓度为0.9%、0.7%、0.5%、0.3%的“天达2116”溶液浸种,清水浸种作对照(CK),测定青稞的发芽率和发芽势;在盆栽试验中以藏青690和果洛为供试品种,探讨“天达2116”对青稞生长过程中的生理生化特性的影响;在大田试验中以果洛为供试品种,探讨“天达2116”对青稞产量及相关主要农艺性状的影响,通过以上三个试验初步探讨了“天达2116”对青稞生长发育的影响。主要研究结果如下:
1不同品种青稞对“天达2116”敏感性不同。在供试的品种中“天达2116”浸种剂对藏青690、喜马拉雅19号、果洛种子萌发具有一定的促进作用,而冬青1号和山青24号种子萌发影响不明显。
2不同浓度的“天达2116”溶液对青稞种子萌发影响不同。发芽势达到90%的藏青148和喜马拉雅19号是经浓度0.3%溶液浸种处理的,发芽率最高为98%的是0.3%浸种的藏青148和0.5%浸种的山青24号,这在一定程度上说明以0.3%～0.5%浓度的“天达2116”溶液浸种效果较好。
3“天达2116”能改善果洛的光合特性,提高其叶片的净光合速率和蒸腾速率,提高叶绿素的含量,为果洛产量奠定重要的生理基础。
4“天达2116”在一定程度上能增加藏青690秸秆的含水量,从而可以增强其抗旱能力。
5“天达2116”能改善藏青690秸秆质量,尤其是提高其蛋白质和全锰的含量。各处理中A(拌种)处理植物样蛋白质含量最高,提高了30.0%;C(春天复壮)处理的全锰含量达到显著性水平,D(拌种+叶面喷施)处理达到极显著水平。
6“天达2116”能提高青稞的产量,改善相关的农艺性状。在本试验中的6种处理方法上都有不同程度的增产,使用效果最好的是F(拌种+复壮+叶面喷施)处理和B(叶面喷施)处理,分别增产高达38.07%、29.49%。其增产的主要原因是“天达2116”通过促进冬青稞的前期分蘖,提高其单株有效穗数,分别比对照增加了0.18个和0.17个;增加了冬青稞的穗粒数、穗粒重、株粒数、株粒重、千粒重、亩有效穗数,F处理比对照提高了0.8个、0.42 g、9.87个、0.54 g、1.87 g、29.75万个/亩,B处理的穗粒重、株粒数、株粒重、千粒重、亩有效穗数比对照分别提高了0.24g、4.47个、0.33g、2.6g、7.94万个/亩;经“天达2116”处理过的冬青稞其生物产量都比对照高,增幅为14.27%-38.75%,这可能与“天达2116”能促进青稞在营养生长期的快速生长有关,株高增幅达6.23%-12.73%。
In seed germination test, six species, including Highland barley148 and 690, Holly No.1, Guoluo No.19 and Shanqing No.24, were presoaked in“Tian-da2116”with the concentration of 0.7% and 0.5%, and 0.3% respectively and then compared with those presoaked in water, germination percentage and germinability were assayed. In pot experiment, highland barley690 and Guoluo were chosen to test the effects of“Tian-da2116”on the physical and chemical properties of highland barley growth. In field experiment, Guoluo was used to test the effects of“Tian-da2116”on production and related agronomists of highland barley. The three tests told the effects of“Tian-da2116”on the growth of highland barley. The main findings are as follows:
1 Different species of highland barley breed acts differently to“Tian-da2116”. It can accelerate the seed germination of Highland barley148, Guoluo and Himalayan No.19 but doesn’t have obvious effects on Shanqing No.24.
2“Tian-da2116”of different concentration has different effects on seed germination.The concentration of 0.3% to 0.5% is better for seed germination.
3“Tian-da2116”can improve the photosynthesis characteristic of Guoluo. It can improve net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content.
4“Tian-da2116”could increase the moisture content of Highland barley 690’s straws to a certain extent, which can increase its fighting against drought.
5“Tian-da2116”can improve the quality of Highland barley 690’s straws especially the protein and manganese content. The content of protein increased by 30% using A and manganese increased greatly using C and reached a significant level using D treatment.
6“Tian-da2116”can increase the production and improve relevant property. In the experiment, all the six treatments increased the production. It reached by 38.07% and 29.49% respectively after the F and B treatments. The main reason is that“Tian-da2116”improved the number of productive ear by promoting the tillering of Dongqing. The grain number per spike, grains weight per spike, grain number per plant, the grains weight per plant 1000-kernel weight and total tillers were increased in both treatments F and B. The production of the barley was improved presoaked in“Tian-da2116”. It may because“Tian-da2116”can accelerate the growth of the barley in vegetative growth phase.
1不同品种青稞对“天达2116”敏感性不同。在供试的品种中“天达2116”浸种剂对藏青690、喜马拉雅19号、果洛种子萌发具有一定的促进作用,而冬青1号和山青24号种子萌发影响不明显。
2不同浓度的“天达2116”溶液对青稞种子萌发影响不同。发芽势达到90%的藏青148和喜马拉雅19号是经浓度0.3%溶液浸种处理的,发芽率最高为98%的是0.3%浸种的藏青148和0.5%浸种的山青24号,这在一定程度上说明以0.3%～0.5%浓度的“天达2116”溶液浸种效果较好。
3“天达2116”能改善果洛的光合特性,提高其叶片的净光合速率和蒸腾速率,提高叶绿素的含量,为果洛产量奠定重要的生理基础。
4“天达2116”在一定程度上能增加藏青690秸秆的含水量,从而可以增强其抗旱能力。
5“天达2116”能改善藏青690秸秆质量,尤其是提高其蛋白质和全锰的含量。各处理中A(拌种)处理植物样蛋白质含量最高,提高了30.0%;C(春天复壮)处理的全锰含量达到显著性水平,D(拌种+叶面喷施)处理达到极显著水平。
6“天达2116”能提高青稞的产量,改善相关的农艺性状。在本试验中的6种处理方法上都有不同程度的增产,使用效果最好的是F(拌种+复壮+叶面喷施)处理和B(叶面喷施)处理,分别增产高达38.07%、29.49%。其增产的主要原因是“天达2116”通过促进冬青稞的前期分蘖,提高其单株有效穗数,分别比对照增加了0.18个和0.17个;增加了冬青稞的穗粒数、穗粒重、株粒数、株粒重、千粒重、亩有效穗数,F处理比对照提高了0.8个、0.42 g、9.87个、0.54 g、1.87 g、29.75万个/亩,B处理的穗粒重、株粒数、株粒重、千粒重、亩有效穗数比对照分别提高了0.24g、4.47个、0.33g、2.6g、7.94万个/亩;经“天达2116”处理过的冬青稞其生物产量都比对照高,增幅为14.27%-38.75%,这可能与“天达2116”能促进青稞在营养生长期的快速生长有关,株高增幅达6.23%-12.73%。
In seed germination test, six species, including Highland barley148 and 690, Holly No.1, Guoluo No.19 and Shanqing No.24, were presoaked in“Tian-da2116”with the concentration of 0.7% and 0.5%, and 0.3% respectively and then compared with those presoaked in water, germination percentage and germinability were assayed. In pot experiment, highland barley690 and Guoluo were chosen to test the effects of“Tian-da2116”on the physical and chemical properties of highland barley growth. In field experiment, Guoluo was used to test the effects of“Tian-da2116”on production and related agronomists of highland barley. The three tests told the effects of“Tian-da2116”on the growth of highland barley. The main findings are as follows:
1 Different species of highland barley breed acts differently to“Tian-da2116”. It can accelerate the seed germination of Highland barley148, Guoluo and Himalayan No.19 but doesn’t have obvious effects on Shanqing No.24.
2“Tian-da2116”of different concentration has different effects on seed germination.The concentration of 0.3% to 0.5% is better for seed germination.
3“Tian-da2116”can improve the photosynthesis characteristic of Guoluo. It can improve net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content.
4“Tian-da2116”could increase the moisture content of Highland barley 690’s straws to a certain extent, which can increase its fighting against drought.
5“Tian-da2116”can improve the quality of Highland barley 690’s straws especially the protein and manganese content. The content of protein increased by 30% using A and manganese increased greatly using C and reached a significant level using D treatment.
6“Tian-da2116”can increase the production and improve relevant property. In the experiment, all the six treatments increased the production. It reached by 38.07% and 29.49% respectively after the F and B treatments. The main reason is that“Tian-da2116”improved the number of productive ear by promoting the tillering of Dongqing. The grain number per spike, grains weight per spike, grain number per plant, the grains weight per plant 1000-kernel weight and total tillers were increased in both treatments F and B. The production of the barley was improved presoaked in“Tian-da2116”. It may because“Tian-da2116”can accelerate the growth of the barley in vegetative growth phase.
引文
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