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基于数据挖掘的Ⅱ型糖尿病证候诊断标准模型建立及应用的研究
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摘要
目的:以2型糖尿病证候诊断标准模型建立及应用的研究为切入点,探求证候诊断标准建立的方法。
     方法:首先从Internet搜集了Fisher-iris数据;其次,通过计算机文献检索式检索,收集了从1984年~2005年间的中国生物医学文献光盘数据库及中国学术期刊全文数据库等文献资料;通过发放临床调查表,对2003~2006年来自河南中医学院一附院等三家医院的符合病例选择标准的门诊及住院的2型糖尿病患者进行临床调查。经数据预处理,建立文献数据库和临床数据库。选取人工神经网络(Artificial Neural Network,ANN)、模糊系统(fuzzy system,FS),开展2型糖尿病证候诊断标准模型建立及应用的研究。用MATLAB6.5编程。
     本论文采用动态科荷伦网络,它的输出结果能反映输入样本的图形分布特征,在联结权的调整中,使权的分布与输入样本的概率密度分布相似,在此基础上,通过增加动态神经元形成一种动态自适应神经网络。待动态层神经元稳定后,把输入层与动态层间的权值转换为模糊推理系统相应规则的属性隶属函数中心,通过与神经网络辨识率比较,不断调整模糊规则及相应的函数参数,最终获得最优模糊规则。模型通过Fisher-iris数据检验其可靠性,基于临床数据挖掘结果,参考文献数据挖掘结果,依据中医基础理论,获得2型糖尿病常见证候诊断标准,并通过测试数据检验其合理性。
     结果:基于Fisher-iris数据,动态层稳定后神经元增至9个,获取3个模糊规则,采用测试样本检验,结果辨识率为94%。该模型用于文献数据,动态层稳定后神经元增加至22个,获取9个模糊规则,采用测试样本检验,结果辨识率为86%。基于临床数据的结果是动态层稳定后神经元增加至118个,获取的模糊规则数为24个,对临床数据测试样本的辨识率为74%。通过规则转换,主次症的筛选,根据常见证候判别设定及中医证候辩证标准,明确6个证型及其对应的主、次症,6个证型分别为气阴两虚证、血瘀证、肺燥津伤证、胃热炽盛证、湿热中阻证、肾阴亏虚证。
     2型糖尿病常见证候诊断标准为:1)气阴两虚证:主症:倦怠乏力,舌质红,心悸,薄苔。次症:口渴多饮、脉细数、自汗、少苔、失眠多梦、五心烦热、口干舌燥、便干、气短、盗汗。2)肾阴亏虚证:主症:尿频尿多、红舌、腰膝酸软、糜泔脂膏。次症:少苔、脉细数、手足心热、口渴、耳鸣耳聋、口干舌燥、失眠多梦。3)血瘀证:主症:瘀斑舌、面色晦暗、脉弦、狄暗舌。次症:舌质暗红、肢体麻木、肢体疼痛。4)肿燥津伤证:主症:口渴多饮、红舌、咽干、口干舌燥、舌苔黄、尿多尿频。次症:薄苔、多食易饥。4)胃热炽盛证:主症:多食易饥、舌苔黄、便于、口渴多饮、红舌。次症:身热、急躁易怒、心悸、小便量多。5)湿热中阻证:主症:胃脘胀满、腻苔、舌苔黄、腹部胀满、身体困重。次症:舌质红、耳鸣耳聋、口苦、口渴多饮、口粘腻、口干舌燥。
     结论:通过Fisher-iris数据检验模型,表明该方法所获取的模糊分类规则以较高的精度反映了学习样本集中存在的规律性,说明了模型的可靠性。通过比较基于文献数据模型挖掘结果,与基于临床数据获得的结果中的气阴两虚证、血瘀证、肺燥津伤证、肾阴虚证四个证型分别对应的主、次症基本相同,挖掘的结果说明了该模型可用于2型糖尿病证候诊断标准的研究。
Objective: To explore methods for establishing diagnostic criterion of TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) syndrome differentiation by studying the set-up of diagnostic standard model of syndrome differentiation of Type 2 diabetes . Methods: Our research was carried out in the following steps: collecting the Fisher-iris data of model check-up ,which is popular in the world; Secondly, the document data from 1984 to 2005 on type 2 diabetes syndromes was gathered by way of document datebase index on Internet(such as CBMdisc and CNKI ). By clinical epidemiological investigation, and clinical questionnaires of the patients, pooling the clinical data from the diagnosed patients of Type 2 diabetes,who were met with the selective criterion, from No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of TCM and Anyang TCM Hospital and Kaifeng TCM Hospital in 2003 - 2006, and establishing document data-base and clinical data-base on the basis of preprocessed. The study of standard model establishment and application of syndromes diagnosis criterion was made by use of Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and fuzzy system (FS). And a finally programming was completed with MATLAB 6.5.The successive procedures included setting up dynamic kohonen net model, that is, based on it, increasing formation of dynamic neuron in order to make up a dynamic adaptive kohonen net, whose output could reflect the distributive characteristics of sample input chart. The whole process still continued with following procedures: after dynamic neurons being stable, changing weight vector between input layer and dynamic layer into fuzzy inference system and corresponding regular subsidiary function centre, and further repeatedly adjusting fuzzy regulations and corresponding function parameter in accordance with recognition value and thus obtaining the most optimal fuzzy regulations. The model reliability was tested with Fisher-iris data check-up. With this model the clinical data was explored and in accordance of TCM basic theories, the diagnostic criterion of syndrome differentiation of Type 2 diabetes was achieved, whose rationality was, too, determined.
     Result: Based on the Fisherman-Iris data, When the dynamic layer was turn into stability, Nine neurons in the dynamic layer of the neuron model obtained by dynamic study, the correct recognition rate of the sample test was 94%. The result gained based on document data was that The composition of 22 neuron group in the dynamic layer with the dynamic study in the method and The rate of coincidence identity of test sample was almost 86%. The outcome obtained based on clinical data showed that The composition of 118 neuron group in the dynamic layer with the dynamic study in the method and The rate of coincidence identity of test sample was almost 74%. It was clear for the 6 syndromes to be differentiated according to the main symptom and the subsymptom by transformed rule and the selected coordinate of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms and differentiated syndrome criterion of TCM. The 6 syndromes were deficiency syndrome of both qi and yin(DSBQY), deficiency syndrome of kidney-yin(DSKY), blood stasis syndrome (BSS), syndrome of lung-heat exhausting the body fluid(SLHEB), syndrome of dominant of hyperheat of stomach(SDHS), syndrome of obstruction by dampness and heat(SODH).
     Common syndromes diagnosis criterion of type 2 diabetes include such 6 types as:1) DSBQY consisted of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms. Primary symptoms included lassitude, red tongue, palpitation, thin fur on the tongue. Subsidiary symptoms included thirst and polydipsia, thready and rapid pulse, spontaneous sweating, scandy fur, insomnia and dream-disturbed sleep, feverish sensation in the chest, palms and soles, dryness of the mouth and the tongue, dry stools, shortness of breath, night sweating. 2)DSKY consisted of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms. Primary symptoms included frequent urination, polyuria, red tongue, lassitude in lumbus and limp knees, rice-water urine and lipuria. Subsidiary symptoms included scandy fur on the tongue, thready and rapid pulse, feverish sensation in the palms and soles, thirst, tinnitus and deafness, dryness of the mouth and the tongue, insomnia and dream-disturbed sleep. 3) BSS consisted of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms. Primary symptoms included ecchymosis in the tongue, tarnished complexion, taut pulse, dark and grayish tongue. Subsidiary symptoms included dark red tongue, numbness of the four limbs, pain of the four limbs.4) SLHEB consisted of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms. Primary symptoms included thirst and polydipsia, red tongue, dryness of the throat, yellow fur on the tongue, frequent urination, polyuria. Subsidiary symptoms included thin fur on the tongue, polyphagia and frequent hunger.5) SDHS consisted of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms. Primary symptoms included eat more and hungry, yellow moss, constipation, thirsty and drink more, red tongue. Subsidiary symptoms included heat body, tantrum, heartbeats, more urinate. 6) SODH consisted of Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms. Primary symptoms included feel tightness in the stomach, greasy tongue, yellow moss, feel tightness in the abdomen, fatigue. Subsidiary symptoms included red tongue, tinnitus, bitter mouth, thirsty and drink much, greasy mouth, dry mouth and dry tongue.
     Conclusion: The result of the fisherman-Iris data showed that the fuzzy classification rules expressed in higher accuracy the law lies in learning sample and proved the reliablity of the model. By comparing the result gained based on document data with the outcome obtained based on clinical data, it were found for DSBQY, BSS, SLHEB, DSKY to have the same Primary symptoms and Subsidiary symptoms, the result showed the model could be used for the study on syndromes diagnosis standard system of type 2 diabetes.
引文
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