波浪驱动式海洋要素垂直剖面测量系统关键技术
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摘要
在海洋学研究、海洋生产和工程建设应用中,经常需要对特定区域的海水参数(如温度、盐度、深度和流速等)进行长期、定点、实时的垂直剖面测量。传统做法是,采用海洋观测站或海洋调查船只来投放并保证搭载平台的运行,这势必需要大量的人力、物力和财力。若采用海上浮标,则能源供给又成问题。如果能充分利用海上无时不在的波浪能,驱动测量平台运动携带传感器循环运行,并在运动过程中采集海洋要素,则是解决上述问题的一个很好的方案。
这里设计制作了一套波浪驱动式海洋要素垂直剖面测量系统,此系统由有效传递波浪能的锚泊系统、易于搭载传感器的往返测量平台、高度集成的数据采集与控制系统三部分构成。系统通过高效的波浪能传递装置,采用特殊的棘爪驱动结构,将测量平台驱动着步进下潜,当测量平台下潜到海底或事先设定的某一深度时,棘爪驱动结构彻底释放,则测量平台依靠自身的正浮力上浮,并在上浮过程中实现海洋要素的测量。这样测量平台就可以完全依靠水体的能量在水表面以下特定的深度循环往复运动,系统被驱动的最小波高为0.2m,连续工作时间不小于90天。论文系统论述了波浪驱动式海洋要素垂直剖面测量系统中的若干关键技术,这些技术包括基于波浪能驱动的系统整体设计,波浪能转化与传递技术,传感器搭载技术等,并对系统各部件和整机的性能试验情况进行了介绍和分析。论文最后对波浪驱动系统的技术设计和拓展应用进行了总结和展望。
It is certain useful to obtain multi parameter profiler (such as CTD, current and so on) for a long term in ocean research and Engineering application. The normal way to do it is to bring sensors to move up and down along the certain depth scope underwater on the operation platform. Such as shipboard profiling and sample collection, Stringed mooring array of self-recording instruments, cabled sensor arrays by winch and so on. It is high costly for continuous observations at the regular sites using research vessels and power supply is also effectively limited in traditional mooring buoy stations. It would be an ideal project to design a platform which could be powered by wave to carry various sensors going up and down to execute profilering observation.
A vertical profiler that transforms wave energy from ocean surface to drive observation platform down has been developed. It consists of mooring parts, sensors platform, data logger and electronic controller. This system uses a ratchet system controlled by an onboard microprocessor to harness natural energy of wave and transfer it into motion. This ratchet system can be set to glide freely or engaged to set the profiler in down way motion along the mooring line. Once at the bottom or a position programmed, and waiting for a pre-programmed length of time, the ratchet is released allowing the instrument to float along the mooring wire towards the surface. Onboard microcomputer logs sensor data in memory. It can be activated in very calm conditions (as little as 20 cm at 2 second period) and keep operation more than 90 days. Some critical technologies of the system are given in the paper, including system design, wave energy utilizing and transfer, sensor loading and so on. Additional results about the parts and whole system are shown and analyzed. Also, the dissertation gives a summarization of the design and potential application in the future.
这里设计制作了一套波浪驱动式海洋要素垂直剖面测量系统,此系统由有效传递波浪能的锚泊系统、易于搭载传感器的往返测量平台、高度集成的数据采集与控制系统三部分构成。系统通过高效的波浪能传递装置,采用特殊的棘爪驱动结构,将测量平台驱动着步进下潜,当测量平台下潜到海底或事先设定的某一深度时,棘爪驱动结构彻底释放,则测量平台依靠自身的正浮力上浮,并在上浮过程中实现海洋要素的测量。这样测量平台就可以完全依靠水体的能量在水表面以下特定的深度循环往复运动,系统被驱动的最小波高为0.2m,连续工作时间不小于90天。论文系统论述了波浪驱动式海洋要素垂直剖面测量系统中的若干关键技术,这些技术包括基于波浪能驱动的系统整体设计,波浪能转化与传递技术,传感器搭载技术等,并对系统各部件和整机的性能试验情况进行了介绍和分析。论文最后对波浪驱动系统的技术设计和拓展应用进行了总结和展望。
It is certain useful to obtain multi parameter profiler (such as CTD, current and so on) for a long term in ocean research and Engineering application. The normal way to do it is to bring sensors to move up and down along the certain depth scope underwater on the operation platform. Such as shipboard profiling and sample collection, Stringed mooring array of self-recording instruments, cabled sensor arrays by winch and so on. It is high costly for continuous observations at the regular sites using research vessels and power supply is also effectively limited in traditional mooring buoy stations. It would be an ideal project to design a platform which could be powered by wave to carry various sensors going up and down to execute profilering observation.
A vertical profiler that transforms wave energy from ocean surface to drive observation platform down has been developed. It consists of mooring parts, sensors platform, data logger and electronic controller. This system uses a ratchet system controlled by an onboard microprocessor to harness natural energy of wave and transfer it into motion. This ratchet system can be set to glide freely or engaged to set the profiler in down way motion along the mooring line. Once at the bottom or a position programmed, and waiting for a pre-programmed length of time, the ratchet is released allowing the instrument to float along the mooring wire towards the surface. Onboard microcomputer logs sensor data in memory. It can be activated in very calm conditions (as little as 20 cm at 2 second period) and keep operation more than 90 days. Some critical technologies of the system are given in the paper, including system design, wave energy utilizing and transfer, sensor loading and so on. Additional results about the parts and whole system are shown and analyzed. Also, the dissertation gives a summarization of the design and potential application in the future.
引文
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