综合客运交通枢纽内部客流拥堵机理研究
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摘要
摘要：随着我国经济的不断增长和人民生活水平的不断提高,交通需求量也在不断增加。由于市民在完成一次出行中往往需要不止一种交通方式,因此对提供实现交通方式换乘的综合客运枢纽的需求也在不断增加。尤其是当作为交通网络节点的综合枢纽成为制约整个交通网络的服务效率的瓶颈点时,对综合客运枢纽内部的客流拥堵展开研究就具有了更为重要的意义。
首先,分析了综合客运交通枢纽内部的行人特性,包括行人在枢纽内的速度、密度和流量等,并对相关影响因素进行了分析。
其次,阐述了综合枢纽内部的客流拥堵机理,分析了客运枢纽产生拥堵的主要原因、拥堵分布点、拥堵的评价标准、拥堵形成过程以及拥挤状态下的行人行为等。
第三,对目前常用的行人仿真模型和数学模型进行了对比分析,然后采用AnyLogic行人仿真软件对枢纽内部客流拥堵形成及扩散过程进行了仿真模拟,得出了瓶颈区域内密度在不同时刻不同地点的变化趋势。并根据仿真结果,分析了客流拥堵在综合客运交通枢纽内的形成特点,为解决枢纽内的拥堵提供了一定的借鉴。
第四,根据枢纽内部拥堵形成原因,分别从客流组织和枢纽设施匹配两个方面总结分析了综合客运交通枢纽内的缓堵措施。从客流的角度分析了基于时间均衡的客流调节缓堵措施和基于空间均衡的客流延缓措施,从枢纽的角度分析了基于枢纽改建的缓堵措施,并提出了枢纽拥堵判断的方法与步骤。
ABSTRACT:Along with the improvement of our economic and living standard, the transport needs also be increasing all the time. Different means of transportation have respective roles in people travels which usually need not only one mean, so that the comprehensive terminal becomes more and more important. The comprehensive terminal becomes the bottlenecks that limit the service efficiency of the entire traffic network, so it is very meaningful to study on the passenger congestion of the comprehensive terminal.
Firstly, this paper analyzed the characters of the pedestrians in the transportation comprehensive terminal, including the speed, the density, the flow, and so on. And it also analyzed the influence factors of these.
Secondly, this paper focused on the passenger congestion mechanism. It mainly elaborated the reasons of the passenger congestion, where the congestion bottlenecks were, the congestion evaluation criterion, the process of the congestion forming, the pedestrians action in congestion, and so on.
Thirdly, we simulated the process of the passenger congestion formation and aggravating by AnyLogic after the contrastive analysis on the pedestrians simulation software and mathematical models. And we obtain the varying passenger flow density with time and place. According to the simulation data, this paper analyzed the characteristics of the congestion occurred in the transportation terminal from the perspective of the passenger traffic density, which offers some references to mitigate the passenger congestion.
Fourthly, this paper proposed and analyzed respectively the way to mitigate congestion from the passenger and the comprehensive terminal according to the reasons. From the passenger, we elaborated the ways based on the mechanism of the mean time and the mean space, while from the comprehensive terminal, we elaborated it based on terminal itself. And we also established the steps of judging the deadlock.
首先,分析了综合客运交通枢纽内部的行人特性,包括行人在枢纽内的速度、密度和流量等,并对相关影响因素进行了分析。
其次,阐述了综合枢纽内部的客流拥堵机理,分析了客运枢纽产生拥堵的主要原因、拥堵分布点、拥堵的评价标准、拥堵形成过程以及拥挤状态下的行人行为等。
第三,对目前常用的行人仿真模型和数学模型进行了对比分析,然后采用AnyLogic行人仿真软件对枢纽内部客流拥堵形成及扩散过程进行了仿真模拟,得出了瓶颈区域内密度在不同时刻不同地点的变化趋势。并根据仿真结果,分析了客流拥堵在综合客运交通枢纽内的形成特点,为解决枢纽内的拥堵提供了一定的借鉴。
第四,根据枢纽内部拥堵形成原因,分别从客流组织和枢纽设施匹配两个方面总结分析了综合客运交通枢纽内的缓堵措施。从客流的角度分析了基于时间均衡的客流调节缓堵措施和基于空间均衡的客流延缓措施,从枢纽的角度分析了基于枢纽改建的缓堵措施,并提出了枢纽拥堵判断的方法与步骤。
ABSTRACT:Along with the improvement of our economic and living standard, the transport needs also be increasing all the time. Different means of transportation have respective roles in people travels which usually need not only one mean, so that the comprehensive terminal becomes more and more important. The comprehensive terminal becomes the bottlenecks that limit the service efficiency of the entire traffic network, so it is very meaningful to study on the passenger congestion of the comprehensive terminal.
Firstly, this paper analyzed the characters of the pedestrians in the transportation comprehensive terminal, including the speed, the density, the flow, and so on. And it also analyzed the influence factors of these.
Secondly, this paper focused on the passenger congestion mechanism. It mainly elaborated the reasons of the passenger congestion, where the congestion bottlenecks were, the congestion evaluation criterion, the process of the congestion forming, the pedestrians action in congestion, and so on.
Thirdly, we simulated the process of the passenger congestion formation and aggravating by AnyLogic after the contrastive analysis on the pedestrians simulation software and mathematical models. And we obtain the varying passenger flow density with time and place. According to the simulation data, this paper analyzed the characteristics of the congestion occurred in the transportation terminal from the perspective of the passenger traffic density, which offers some references to mitigate the passenger congestion.
Fourthly, this paper proposed and analyzed respectively the way to mitigate congestion from the passenger and the comprehensive terminal according to the reasons. From the passenger, we elaborated the ways based on the mechanism of the mean time and the mean space, while from the comprehensive terminal, we elaborated it based on terminal itself. And we also established the steps of judging the deadlock.
引文
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