7075铝合金的应力时效研究
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摘要
本文研究了7075铝合金不同时效条件下的硬度和组织特征。
对7075铝合金进行了压应力时效和常压下的T6时效、双级时效,对时效后的合金进行了硬度分析和TEM组织分析,依据溶质晶界非平衡偏聚理论探讨了应力时效机制。结果表明:
7075铝合金常压T6时效处理后的硬度高于双级时效,晶内析出η'相,尺寸细小,分布均匀,晶界析出相连续分布;合金经DA时效(双级时效)处理后,析出相尺寸略有增大,出现了一定宽度的晶界无析出带。
合金在0.3σs压应力下经不同时间时效,硬度相差不大。在不同弹性应力下时效一个小时,各试样硬度结果不同,其中当应力为0.5σs时,硬度值最大,其组织特征较好,所有试样组织均没有出现晶界无沉淀带。
在弹性应力场中的120℃×60 min时效,其硬度高于T6处理。组织观察表明应力时效消除了PFZ,抑制了晶界析出相,是溶质在压应力下发生晶界非平衡偏聚所致。
The hardness and microstructure characteristics of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied under different aging condition.
Compressive stress aging, T6 aging and double aging was carried out to 7075 aluminum alloy. After that samples were researched with hardness test and transmission electron microscope and the stress aging mechanism was studied according to the solutes non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation theory. The results showed that:
The hardness of samples after T6 aging was higher than that of double aging.Dispersedη' phase precipitated in the matrix with small size, grain boundary precipitates distributed continuously. After double aging, the size of precipitated phase grow bigger with PFZs of certain size.
The hardness values of samples aged under 0.3σs compressive stress for different time were of little difference. Hardness values of samples aged at different compressive stress for 1 hour were varied. The sample possed the maxium hardness value and the preferable microstructure characteristics when the stress was 0.5σs. PFZs are not found in all the samples.
The hardness value of sample aged for 60 min of 120℃under elastic stress fields was higher than that of T6 aging treatment. TEM microstructure showed that stress aging eliminate PFZ and inhibited GBP which was due to the non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation of solutes.
对7075铝合金进行了压应力时效和常压下的T6时效、双级时效,对时效后的合金进行了硬度分析和TEM组织分析,依据溶质晶界非平衡偏聚理论探讨了应力时效机制。结果表明:
7075铝合金常压T6时效处理后的硬度高于双级时效,晶内析出η'相,尺寸细小,分布均匀,晶界析出相连续分布;合金经DA时效(双级时效)处理后,析出相尺寸略有增大,出现了一定宽度的晶界无析出带。
合金在0.3σs压应力下经不同时间时效,硬度相差不大。在不同弹性应力下时效一个小时,各试样硬度结果不同,其中当应力为0.5σs时,硬度值最大,其组织特征较好,所有试样组织均没有出现晶界无沉淀带。
在弹性应力场中的120℃×60 min时效,其硬度高于T6处理。组织观察表明应力时效消除了PFZ,抑制了晶界析出相,是溶质在压应力下发生晶界非平衡偏聚所致。
The hardness and microstructure characteristics of 7075 aluminum alloy was studied under different aging condition.
Compressive stress aging, T6 aging and double aging was carried out to 7075 aluminum alloy. After that samples were researched with hardness test and transmission electron microscope and the stress aging mechanism was studied according to the solutes non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation theory. The results showed that:
The hardness of samples after T6 aging was higher than that of double aging.Dispersedη' phase precipitated in the matrix with small size, grain boundary precipitates distributed continuously. After double aging, the size of precipitated phase grow bigger with PFZs of certain size.
The hardness values of samples aged under 0.3σs compressive stress for different time were of little difference. Hardness values of samples aged at different compressive stress for 1 hour were varied. The sample possed the maxium hardness value and the preferable microstructure characteristics when the stress was 0.5σs. PFZs are not found in all the samples.
The hardness value of sample aged for 60 min of 120℃under elastic stress fields was higher than that of T6 aging treatment. TEM microstructure showed that stress aging eliminate PFZ and inhibited GBP which was due to the non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation of solutes.
引文
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4李海,郑子樵,王芝秀. 7055铝合金二次时效特征研究—(Ⅰ)力学性能.稀有金属材料与工程, 2005, 34(7): 1029-1032
5李海,郑子樵,王芝秀. 7055铝合金二次时效特征研究—(Ⅱ)显微组织与断口形貌.稀有金属材料与工程, 2005, 34(8): 1230-1234
6刘红卫,陈康华,刘允中.强化固溶对7075铝合金组织与性能的影响.金属热处理, 2000, (9): 16-17
7徐庭栋,李庆芬,杨尚林.低作用应力引起的溶质在晶界非平衡偏聚或贫化.钢铁研究学报. 2001, 13(4): 28-33
8徐庭栋.非平衡晶界偏聚和晶间脆性断裂的研究.自然科学进展, 2006, 16(2): 160-168
9 S. Song, J. Wu, Z. Yuan, L. Weng, T. Xi. Non-equilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation of Phosphorus under a High Applied Tensile Stress in a 2.25Cr1Mo Steel. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2008,34: 675-679
10陈昌麒.超高强铝合金的发展.中国有色金属学报, 2002, 12:23-27
11 K. Ural. Study of Optimization of Heat-treatment Conditions in Retrogression and Reaging Treatment of 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy. Journal of Materials Science Letters. 1994, 13(5): 383-389
12 J. Park, A. Ardell. Microchemical Analysis of Precipitate Free Zones in 7075-Al in the T6, T7 and RRA Tempers. Acta. Metall. Mater., 1991, 39(4): 591-597
13 D. Park. Effect of Precipitate Free Zones on Low Cycle Fatigue Llife of Al-Zn-Mg alloy. Mater. Sci. Technol., 1995, 11: 921-925
14 A. Ning Z. Liu, B. Peng, S. Zeng. Redistribution and Re-precipitation of Solute Atom during Retrogression and Reaging of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc, 2007, 17(5): 1005-1011
15冯春,刘志义,宁爱林,曾苏民.超高强铝合金RRA热处理工艺的研究进展.材料导报, 2006, 20 (4): 98-101
16宁爱林,刘志义,冯春,曾苏民.铝合金回归再时效状态的超峰时效强度行为分析.金属学报, 2006, 42(12): 1253-1258
17陈小明,宋仁国,李杰. 7XXX系铝合金的研究现状及发展趋势.材料导报. 2009, 23(2): 67-70
18 M. Starink. Reduced Fracturing of Intermetallic Particles during Crack Propagation in Age Hardening Al-based Alloys due to PFZs. Materials Science and Engineering, 2005, 390(1-2): 260-264
19谢中柱,孙威,付建强,张泽. Mg-Gd-Nd合金中晶界无析出带的电子显微镜研究.电子显微学报, 2007, 26(6), 536-540
20 O. Tomo, H. Shoichi, S. Tatsuo. Quantitative Characterization of Precipitate Free Zones in Al-Zn-Mg(-Ag) Alloys by Microchemical Analysis and Nanoindentation Measurement. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2004,12: 491-496
21刘胜胆,张新朋,游江海,张小艳,周卓平.淬火介质对7055铝合金晶界析出行为的影响.特种铸造及有色合金, 2006, 26(11): 696-698
22尹志民,方家芳,黄继武,聂波,单长智,郭加林,王琳.时效工艺对7A52铝合金晶间腐蚀和剥蚀行为的影响.中南大学学报, 2007, 38(4): 617-622
23李海,王芝秀,郑子樵.时效状态对7000系超高强铝合金微观组织和慢应变速率拉伸性能的影响.稀有金属材料与工程. 2007, 36(9): 1634-1638
24刘晓涛,董杰,崔建忠,赵刚.高强铝合金均匀化热处理.中国有色金属学报, 2003, 13(4): 909-913
25陆政,杨守杰,姜海峰,卢健,戴圣龙.一种新型超高强铝合金的均匀化工艺研究.航空材料学报, 2001, 21(2): 14-17
26曾苏民.影响铝合金固溶保温时间的多因素相关规律.中国有色金属学报, 1999, 9(1): 79-86
27刘红卫,陈康华,刘允中.强化固溶对7075铝合金组织与性能的影响.金属热处理, 2009, 9(8): 16-17
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29汤光平.循环处理对铝合金力学性能和组织结构的影响.金属热处理, 1998, (5):
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30王秋成,王磊,林琼,罗利强.深冷条件下轮毂轴承疲劳寿命强化试验.低温工程, 2010, 2: 28-31
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32冯春,刘志义,宁爱林等.超高强铝合金RRA热处理工艺的研究进展.材料导报, 2006, 20(4): 98-101
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48徐庭栋,李庆芬,杨尚林.低作用应力引的溶质在晶界非平衡偏聚或贫化.钢铁研究学报, 2001, 13(4): 28-33
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2王世洪.铝及铝合金热处理.北京:机械工业出版社, 1980: 1-47
3刘继华,李荻,刘培英等. 7075铝合金耐腐蚀性与热处理的相关性.中国有色金属学报, 2002, 12: 208-211
4李海,郑子樵,王芝秀. 7055铝合金二次时效特征研究—(Ⅰ)力学性能.稀有金属材料与工程, 2005, 34(7): 1029-1032
5李海,郑子樵,王芝秀. 7055铝合金二次时效特征研究—(Ⅱ)显微组织与断口形貌.稀有金属材料与工程, 2005, 34(8): 1230-1234
6刘红卫,陈康华,刘允中.强化固溶对7075铝合金组织与性能的影响.金属热处理, 2000, (9): 16-17
7徐庭栋,李庆芬,杨尚林.低作用应力引起的溶质在晶界非平衡偏聚或贫化.钢铁研究学报. 2001, 13(4): 28-33
8徐庭栋.非平衡晶界偏聚和晶间脆性断裂的研究.自然科学进展, 2006, 16(2): 160-168
9 S. Song, J. Wu, Z. Yuan, L. Weng, T. Xi. Non-equilibrium Grain Boundary Segregation of Phosphorus under a High Applied Tensile Stress in a 2.25Cr1Mo Steel. Materials Science and Engineering A. 2008,34: 675-679
10陈昌麒.超高强铝合金的发展.中国有色金属学报, 2002, 12:23-27
11 K. Ural. Study of Optimization of Heat-treatment Conditions in Retrogression and Reaging Treatment of 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy. Journal of Materials Science Letters. 1994, 13(5): 383-389
12 J. Park, A. Ardell. Microchemical Analysis of Precipitate Free Zones in 7075-Al in the T6, T7 and RRA Tempers. Acta. Metall. Mater., 1991, 39(4): 591-597
13 D. Park. Effect of Precipitate Free Zones on Low Cycle Fatigue Llife of Al-Zn-Mg alloy. Mater. Sci. Technol., 1995, 11: 921-925
14 A. Ning Z. Liu, B. Peng, S. Zeng. Redistribution and Re-precipitation of Solute Atom during Retrogression and Reaging of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc, 2007, 17(5): 1005-1011
15冯春,刘志义,宁爱林,曾苏民.超高强铝合金RRA热处理工艺的研究进展.材料导报, 2006, 20 (4): 98-101
16宁爱林,刘志义,冯春,曾苏民.铝合金回归再时效状态的超峰时效强度行为分析.金属学报, 2006, 42(12): 1253-1258
17陈小明,宋仁国,李杰. 7XXX系铝合金的研究现状及发展趋势.材料导报. 2009, 23(2): 67-70
18 M. Starink. Reduced Fracturing of Intermetallic Particles during Crack Propagation in Age Hardening Al-based Alloys due to PFZs. Materials Science and Engineering, 2005, 390(1-2): 260-264
19谢中柱,孙威,付建强,张泽. Mg-Gd-Nd合金中晶界无析出带的电子显微镜研究.电子显微学报, 2007, 26(6), 536-540
20 O. Tomo, H. Shoichi, S. Tatsuo. Quantitative Characterization of Precipitate Free Zones in Al-Zn-Mg(-Ag) Alloys by Microchemical Analysis and Nanoindentation Measurement. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2004,12: 491-496
21刘胜胆,张新朋,游江海,张小艳,周卓平.淬火介质对7055铝合金晶界析出行为的影响.特种铸造及有色合金, 2006, 26(11): 696-698
22尹志民,方家芳,黄继武,聂波,单长智,郭加林,王琳.时效工艺对7A52铝合金晶间腐蚀和剥蚀行为的影响.中南大学学报, 2007, 38(4): 617-622
23李海,王芝秀,郑子樵.时效状态对7000系超高强铝合金微观组织和慢应变速率拉伸性能的影响.稀有金属材料与工程. 2007, 36(9): 1634-1638
24刘晓涛,董杰,崔建忠,赵刚.高强铝合金均匀化热处理.中国有色金属学报, 2003, 13(4): 909-913
25陆政,杨守杰,姜海峰,卢健,戴圣龙.一种新型超高强铝合金的均匀化工艺研究.航空材料学报, 2001, 21(2): 14-17
26曾苏民.影响铝合金固溶保温时间的多因素相关规律.中国有色金属学报, 1999, 9(1): 79-86
27刘红卫,陈康华,刘允中.强化固溶对7075铝合金组织与性能的影响.金属热处理, 2009, 9(8): 16-17
28林高用,彭大暑,魏圣明,韩红阳,张辉.强化固溶处理对7075铝合金组织的影响.金属热处理, 2002, 27(11): 30-32
29汤光平.循环处理对铝合金力学性能和组织结构的影响.金属热处理, 1998, (5):
36-38
30王秋成,王磊,林琼,罗利强.深冷条件下轮毂轴承疲劳寿命强化试验.低温工程, 2010, 2: 28-31
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