龙钢高炉强化冶炼实践研究
摘要
高炉强化冶炼是近年炼铁生产发展的主要任务,高炉要获得“优质、高产、低耗、长寿”,必须强化冶炼,一方面要提高冶炼强度,另一方面要努力降低焦比。提高冶陈强度和降低焦比都可使高炉增产,都是高炉强化冶炼的重要方向。当代国内外高炉强化冶炼普遍采用精料、高压操作、高风温、大喷吹、高富氧、综合鼓风、脱湿鼓风和自动控制等新技术,实现了各项技术经济指标的不断提高。
本课题以龙钢集团公司1~#(450m~(3))高炉强化冶炼实践和生产技术资料为依据,就其进一步强化、提高冶炼水平展开分析研究,对高炉强化冶炼的不同程度进行了讨论,对高炉强化冶炼,提高精料水平;改善烧结矿质量,应用系统工程理论,强化高炉布料、鼓风动能和加强高炉操作管理等进行了研究:.应用于指导高炉炼铁生产实践。嗵过研究和采取一系列强化冶炼措施,使龙钢高炉稳定顺行,取得了较好的技术经济指标标。
本文着重研究了高炉强化冶炼新技术,通过对450m~(3)高炉强化冶炼的各方面研究,得出如下结果:
1、精料是提高冶炼强度和降低焦比的重要措施,依靠精料技术,使入炉原燃料质量及稳定性进一步提高,入炉焦炭水份均小于5%,M_(25)提高到90%左右,M_(10)降低到8.5%以下,灰分降低到12.5%左右,入炉粒度组成(25-60)mm的达80%以上,烧结旷入炉小于5mm的粉沫控制到5%以下,烧结矿的质量不断提高。
2、优化高炉操作,采用高风温、高富氧、大喷煤有机相结合操作,进一步提高喷煤比、提高煤气利用是龙钢高炉强化冶炼实现低成本、提高各项技术经济指标。使高炉利用系数提高到3.12 t/(m~(3)d),冶炼强度提高到1.72 t/(m~(3).d),高炉得到强化冶炼,焦比降低,喷煤比112kg/t,入炉焦比440kg/t,生铁含硅量大幅度下降。
3、维持合理的操作炉型,执行炉况预案,避免了炉况失常。不断强化设备及炉外管理,给高炉生产创造良好的外围条件也是龙钢高炉强化冶炼的保证。
The blast furnace strengthening smelting is the production development road which must be taken the recent years.The aim of "high quality,high production,the low consumption,the longevity" can be obtained by strengthen smelting,on the one hand it the smelting intensity must be enhanced,on the other hand the coke ratio diligently must be reduced.Enhances the smelting intensity and reduces the coke ratio make the blast furnace to increase production,which are the important directions to strengthen the blast furnace smelting.The contemporary domestic and foreign blast furnaces strengthening smelting using some new technologies such as the concentrate feed,the high-pressured operation, the high blast temperature,the big injection,the high enriched oxygen,the comprehensive blast,dehumidified blast and the automatic control and so on,has realized unceasing enhancement of each technical economic indicators.
This topic based on strengthening smelting practice and the technical data of Longsteel's 1~#(450m~3) blast furnace,launches the analytical study to further strengthen and improve smelting level,and carries on the discussion on the varying degree of the blast furnace strengthening smelting,which proposes the concentrated feed work of blast furnace strengthening smelting;Improving sinter quality,the application systematic project theory,strengthening the blast furnace burden distribution,the blast kinetic energy and strengthening the blast furnace operation management and so on are studied,and apply to blast furnace iron-smelting production practice.Through studies and takes a series of strengthening smelting measure,which causes the Longsteel blast furnace to be suitable stability,and obtains the good technical economic indicators.
This article focuses on the blast furnace strengthening smelting technology,through to study the various aspects of 450m~3 blast furnace smelting strengthening smelting, obtains the following result through the research:
1.The concentrated feed is the important measure to enhance the smelting intensity and reduce the coke ratio.Depending upon the concentrated feed technology,it causes the crude fuel quality and the stability to further enhance,the enters coke stove moisture smaller than 5%,M_(25) reaches to 90%,M_(10) lower to 8.5%,the ash reduces to 12.5%,enters stove particle size of(25-60)mm up to 80%,the enters sinter stove smaller than the 5mm powder controls to below 5%,and the sinter quality continues to increase.
2.The optimization of blast furnace operation is realized by the combination of the high blast temperature,the high enriched oxygen with the high PCI operation,the low cost and enhance each technical economy target are realized by further enhanceing the coal ratio and enhanceing the coal gas utilization of Longsteel blast furnace.With the advanced technologies above,the smelting of blast furnace is strengthened with the blast furnace utilization factor increased to 3.12t/(m~3.d),the smelting intensity increased to 1.72 t/(m~3.d).the coke ratio is reduced,the coal injection ratio is 112kg/t,furnace coke ratio is 440kg/t,the silicon content of pig iron dropped largely.
3.Maintaining a reasonable operation profile,the executing furnace conditions plan, can avoid the furnace conditions being abnormal.Consolidate equipment and outside management continuously to create a good periphery condition for the blast furnace production,is also a guarantee to the Longsteel blast furnace strengthening smelting.
本课题以龙钢集团公司1~#(450m~(3))高炉强化冶炼实践和生产技术资料为依据,就其进一步强化、提高冶炼水平展开分析研究,对高炉强化冶炼的不同程度进行了讨论,对高炉强化冶炼,提高精料水平;改善烧结矿质量,应用系统工程理论,强化高炉布料、鼓风动能和加强高炉操作管理等进行了研究:.应用于指导高炉炼铁生产实践。嗵过研究和采取一系列强化冶炼措施,使龙钢高炉稳定顺行,取得了较好的技术经济指标标。
本文着重研究了高炉强化冶炼新技术,通过对450m~(3)高炉强化冶炼的各方面研究,得出如下结果:
1、精料是提高冶炼强度和降低焦比的重要措施,依靠精料技术,使入炉原燃料质量及稳定性进一步提高,入炉焦炭水份均小于5%,M_(25)提高到90%左右,M_(10)降低到8.5%以下,灰分降低到12.5%左右,入炉粒度组成(25-60)mm的达80%以上,烧结旷入炉小于5mm的粉沫控制到5%以下,烧结矿的质量不断提高。
2、优化高炉操作,采用高风温、高富氧、大喷煤有机相结合操作,进一步提高喷煤比、提高煤气利用是龙钢高炉强化冶炼实现低成本、提高各项技术经济指标。使高炉利用系数提高到3.12 t/(m~(3)d),冶炼强度提高到1.72 t/(m~(3).d),高炉得到强化冶炼,焦比降低,喷煤比112kg/t,入炉焦比440kg/t,生铁含硅量大幅度下降。
3、维持合理的操作炉型,执行炉况预案,避免了炉况失常。不断强化设备及炉外管理,给高炉生产创造良好的外围条件也是龙钢高炉强化冶炼的保证。
The blast furnace strengthening smelting is the production development road which must be taken the recent years.The aim of "high quality,high production,the low consumption,the longevity" can be obtained by strengthen smelting,on the one hand it the smelting intensity must be enhanced,on the other hand the coke ratio diligently must be reduced.Enhances the smelting intensity and reduces the coke ratio make the blast furnace to increase production,which are the important directions to strengthen the blast furnace smelting.The contemporary domestic and foreign blast furnaces strengthening smelting using some new technologies such as the concentrate feed,the high-pressured operation, the high blast temperature,the big injection,the high enriched oxygen,the comprehensive blast,dehumidified blast and the automatic control and so on,has realized unceasing enhancement of each technical economic indicators.
This topic based on strengthening smelting practice and the technical data of Longsteel's 1~#(450m~3) blast furnace,launches the analytical study to further strengthen and improve smelting level,and carries on the discussion on the varying degree of the blast furnace strengthening smelting,which proposes the concentrated feed work of blast furnace strengthening smelting;Improving sinter quality,the application systematic project theory,strengthening the blast furnace burden distribution,the blast kinetic energy and strengthening the blast furnace operation management and so on are studied,and apply to blast furnace iron-smelting production practice.Through studies and takes a series of strengthening smelting measure,which causes the Longsteel blast furnace to be suitable stability,and obtains the good technical economic indicators.
This article focuses on the blast furnace strengthening smelting technology,through to study the various aspects of 450m~3 blast furnace smelting strengthening smelting, obtains the following result through the research:
1.The concentrated feed is the important measure to enhance the smelting intensity and reduce the coke ratio.Depending upon the concentrated feed technology,it causes the crude fuel quality and the stability to further enhance,the enters coke stove moisture smaller than 5%,M_(25) reaches to 90%,M_(10) lower to 8.5%,the ash reduces to 12.5%,enters stove particle size of(25-60)mm up to 80%,the enters sinter stove smaller than the 5mm powder controls to below 5%,and the sinter quality continues to increase.
2.The optimization of blast furnace operation is realized by the combination of the high blast temperature,the high enriched oxygen with the high PCI operation,the low cost and enhance each technical economy target are realized by further enhanceing the coal ratio and enhanceing the coal gas utilization of Longsteel blast furnace.With the advanced technologies above,the smelting of blast furnace is strengthened with the blast furnace utilization factor increased to 3.12t/(m~3.d),the smelting intensity increased to 1.72 t/(m~3.d).the coke ratio is reduced,the coal injection ratio is 112kg/t,furnace coke ratio is 440kg/t,the silicon content of pig iron dropped largely.
3.Maintaining a reasonable operation profile,the executing furnace conditions plan, can avoid the furnace conditions being abnormal.Consolidate equipment and outside management continuously to create a good periphery condition for the blast furnace production,is also a guarantee to the Longsteel blast furnace strengthening smelting.
引文
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[2]王雅贞,李承祚.转炉炼钢问答[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:8-11.
[3]刘琦.论中小型高炉低硅冶炼[J].炼铁,2005,24(1):19-23.
[4]焦玉彬,谷有为,刘勇等.泰钢2#高炉强化冶炼实践[J].山东冶金,2002,24(增刊):35-36.
[5]周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:8-13.
[6]冯捷,张红文.转炉炼钢生产[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006:4-5.
[7]刘三计,王利军.铁水含硅量对炼钢系统的影响[J].山西冶金,2001,84(4):29-30.
[8]苑学礼.铁水[Si]含量对炼钢操作的影响[J].天津冶金,2001,99(1):37-39.
[9]朱红波,普靖中.昆钢高炉铁水成分对转炉炼钢工序的影响[J].云南冶金,2001,30(4):12-18.
[10]周龙义.宝钢1号高炉炉前脱硅系统的设计与生产[J].钢铁,1999,34(5):6-8.
[11]陈凌云,张红旗,畅步云.氧气顶吹转炉高硅铁水采用双渣操作浅析[J].山西冶金,2001,24(4):26-28.
[12]秦英伟,李庆祥.唐山地区450m~3 高炉的操作制度与效果的比较[J].炼铁技术通讯,2006,24(1):10-13.
[13]孙国龙,罗果萍,郭卓团等.包钢 4 号高炉富氧喷煤强化冶炼实践[J].包钢科技,26(2):34-37.
[14]杨双平.大力发展节能降耗促进炼铁工业科学发展.陕西冶金,2007(2):15-19
[15]朱远星,孔令泽.杭钢炼铁20年来的技术进步[J].炼铁,2007,8(6):24-26.
[16]张华伟.杭钢3号高炉强化冶炼生产实践[J].浙江冶金,2006,11(4):55-57.
[17]孔令泽.高炉强化冶炼与能耗关系浅析[J].浙江冶金,2006,2(1):1-3.
[18]张殿有主编.高炉冶炼操作技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006:6-19.
[19]Grafeuille F,Jusseau N,Schnieider M,Mosser F.Nicolle R.In:Second European ironMaking conference proceeding.London,1992:205-214.
[20]周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:5-29.
[21]龙晓阳译.高炉低硅生铁的冶炼[J].国外钢铁,1987,24(10):15-19.
[22]龚树山,张聪山.优化高炉工艺操作实现低硅低硫铁冶炼[J].河北冶金,2000,18(4:39-42.
[23]翁宇庆.进一步发展高炉喷煤和精料技术推动炼铁系统节能降耗和结构调整[J].炼铁,1998,19(3):1-6
[24]周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:32-42.
[25]由文泉.实用高炉炼铁技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:31-35.
[26]王筱留.高炉生产知识问答[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:13-18.
[27]由文泉.实用高炉炼铁技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:15-17.
[28]Pandit.Metal,34TH Iron Making Conf.pro,Toronto,1975,12(1):403-415.
[29]牟永明.包钢硅砖热风炉的烘炉及维护[J].炼铁,1999.9(增刊):48-50.
[30]刘云彩.当代高炉炼铁成就[J].炼铁,2001,23(2):27-31.
[31]牟行余,孙守贵.球式热风炉的现状及展望[J].包钢科技,2002,26(2):25-26.
[32]高清举,涂继炜主编.高炉煤气布袋除尘与球式热风炉技术及发展[J].钢铁2004,17(3):18-21.
[33]S.M.Pandi.J.A.CluM and S.M.Wu.Iron Making Processing.1975,34:403-512
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[35]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1990,25-34.
[36]罗吉敖.炼铁学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.1996:56-72.
[37]由文泉,赵民革.实用高炉炼铁技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002,35-42.
[38]贾荫隆,董一诚,沈苏等.炼铁工艺手册[M].北京:北京科技大学出版社,1994:26-37.
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[46]常天印,冯建忠.高炉低硅冶炼探析[J].山西冶金,2005,13(2):12-13.
[2]王雅贞,李承祚.转炉炼钢问答[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:8-11.
[3]刘琦.论中小型高炉低硅冶炼[J].炼铁,2005,24(1):19-23.
[4]焦玉彬,谷有为,刘勇等.泰钢2#高炉强化冶炼实践[J].山东冶金,2002,24(增刊):35-36.
[5]周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:8-13.
[6]冯捷,张红文.转炉炼钢生产[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006:4-5.
[7]刘三计,王利军.铁水含硅量对炼钢系统的影响[J].山西冶金,2001,84(4):29-30.
[8]苑学礼.铁水[Si]含量对炼钢操作的影响[J].天津冶金,2001,99(1):37-39.
[9]朱红波,普靖中.昆钢高炉铁水成分对转炉炼钢工序的影响[J].云南冶金,2001,30(4):12-18.
[10]周龙义.宝钢1号高炉炉前脱硅系统的设计与生产[J].钢铁,1999,34(5):6-8.
[11]陈凌云,张红旗,畅步云.氧气顶吹转炉高硅铁水采用双渣操作浅析[J].山西冶金,2001,24(4):26-28.
[12]秦英伟,李庆祥.唐山地区450m~3 高炉的操作制度与效果的比较[J].炼铁技术通讯,2006,24(1):10-13.
[13]孙国龙,罗果萍,郭卓团等.包钢 4 号高炉富氧喷煤强化冶炼实践[J].包钢科技,26(2):34-37.
[14]杨双平.大力发展节能降耗促进炼铁工业科学发展.陕西冶金,2007(2):15-19
[15]朱远星,孔令泽.杭钢炼铁20年来的技术进步[J].炼铁,2007,8(6):24-26.
[16]张华伟.杭钢3号高炉强化冶炼生产实践[J].浙江冶金,2006,11(4):55-57.
[17]孔令泽.高炉强化冶炼与能耗关系浅析[J].浙江冶金,2006,2(1):1-3.
[18]张殿有主编.高炉冶炼操作技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2006:6-19.
[19]Grafeuille F,Jusseau N,Schnieider M,Mosser F.Nicolle R.In:Second European ironMaking conference proceeding.London,1992:205-214.
[20]周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:5-29.
[21]龙晓阳译.高炉低硅生铁的冶炼[J].国外钢铁,1987,24(10):15-19.
[22]龚树山,张聪山.优化高炉工艺操作实现低硅低硫铁冶炼[J].河北冶金,2000,18(4:39-42.
[23]翁宇庆.进一步发展高炉喷煤和精料技术推动炼铁系统节能降耗和结构调整[J].炼铁,1998,19(3):1-6
[24]周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:32-42.
[25]由文泉.实用高炉炼铁技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:31-35.
[26]王筱留.高炉生产知识问答[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005:13-18.
[27]由文泉.实用高炉炼铁技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003:15-17.
[28]Pandit.Metal,34TH Iron Making Conf.pro,Toronto,1975,12(1):403-415.
[29]牟永明.包钢硅砖热风炉的烘炉及维护[J].炼铁,1999.9(增刊):48-50.
[30]刘云彩.当代高炉炼铁成就[J].炼铁,2001,23(2):27-31.
[31]牟行余,孙守贵.球式热风炉的现状及展望[J].包钢科技,2002,26(2):25-26.
[32]高清举,涂继炜主编.高炉煤气布袋除尘与球式热风炉技术及发展[J].钢铁2004,17(3):18-21.
[33]S.M.Pandi.J.A.CluM and S.M.Wu.Iron Making Processing.1975,34:403-512
[34]张家驹主编.铁冶金学[M].沈阳:东北工学院出版社,1988:72-86.
[35]黄希祜.钢铁冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1990,25-34.
[36]罗吉敖.炼铁学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社.1996:56-72.
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